package com.hexun.blog.dongliwei.utils; import javax.crypto.Cipher; import java.security.*; import java.security.spec.RSAPublicKeySpec; import java.security.spec.RSAPrivateKeySpec; import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException; import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey; import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey; import java.io.*; import java.math.BigInteger; /** * RSA 工具类。提供加密,解密,生成密钥对等方法。 * 需要到http://www.bouncycastle.org下载bcprov-jdk14-123.jar。 * RSA加密原理概述 * RSA的安全性依赖于大数的分解,公钥和私钥都是两个大素数(大于100的十进制位)的函数。 * 据猜测,从一个密钥和密文推断出明文的难度等同于分解两个大素数的积 * =================================================================== * (该算法的安全性未得到理论的证明) * =================================================================== * 密钥的产生: * 1.选择两个大素数 p,q ,计算 n=p*q; * 2.随机选择加密密钥 e ,要求 e 和 (p-1)*(q-1)互质 * 3.利用 Euclid 算法计算解密密钥 d , 使其满足 e*d = 1(mod(p-1)*(q-1)) (其中 n,d 也要互质) * 4:至此得出公钥为 (n,e) 私钥为 (n,d) * =================================================================== * 加解密方法: * 1.首先将要加密的信息 m(二进制表示) 分成等长的数据块 m1,m2,...,mi 块长 s(尽可能大) ,其中 2^s<n * 2:对应的密文是: ci = mi^e(mod n) * 3:解密时作如下计算: mi = ci^d(mod n) * =================================================================== * RSA速度 * 由于进行的都是大数计算,使得RSA最快的情况也比DES慢上100倍,无论 是软件还是硬件实现。 * 速度一直是RSA的缺陷。一般来说只用于少量数据 加密。 *文件名:RSAUtil.java<br> *@author 董利伟<br> *版本:<br> *描述:<br> *创建时间:2008-9-23 下午09:58:16<br> *文件描述:<br> *修改者:<br> *修改日期:<br> *修改描述:<br> */ public class RSAUtil { //密钥对 private KeyPair keyPair = null; /** * 初始化密钥对 */ public RSAUtil(){ try { this.keyPair = this.generateKeyPair(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 生成密钥对 * @return KeyPair * @throws Exception */ private KeyPair generateKeyPair() throws Exception { try { KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA",new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider()); //这个值关系到块加密的大小,可以更改,但是不要太大,否则效率会低 final int KEY_SIZE = 1024; keyPairGen.initialize(KEY_SIZE, new SecureRandom()); KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.genKeyPair(); return keyPair; } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception(e.getMessage()); } } /** * 生成公钥 * @param modulus * @param publicExponent * @return RSAPublicKey * @throws Exception */ private RSAPublicKey generateRSAPublicKey(byte[] modulus, byte[] publicExponent) throws Exception { KeyFactory keyFac = null; try { keyFac = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA", new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider()); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) { throw new Exception(ex.getMessage()); } RSAPublicKeySpec pubKeySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(new BigInteger(modulus), new BigInteger(publicExponent)); try { return (RSAPublicKey) keyFac.generatePublic(pubKeySpec); } catch (InvalidKeySpecException ex) { throw new Exception(ex.getMessage()); } } /** * 生成私钥 * @param modulus * @param privateExponent * @return RSAPrivateKey * @throws Exception */ private RSAPrivateKey generateRSAPrivateKey(byte[] modulus, byte[] privateExponent) throws Exception { KeyFactory keyFac = null; try { keyFac = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA", new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider()); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) { throw new Exception(ex.getMessage()); } RSAPrivateKeySpec priKeySpec = new RSAPrivateKeySpec(new BigInteger(modulus), new BigInteger(privateExponent)); try { return (RSAPrivateKey) keyFac.generatePrivate(priKeySpec); } catch (InvalidKeySpecException ex) { throw new Exception(ex.getMessage()); } } /** * 加密 * @param key 加密的密钥 * @param data 待加密的明文数据 * @return 加密后的数据 * @throws Exception */ public byte[] encrypt(Key key, byte[] data) throws Exception { try { Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA", new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider()); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key); //获得加密块大小,如:加密前数据为128个byte,而key_size=1024 加密块大小为127 byte,加密后为128个byte; //因此共有2个加密块,第一个127 byte第二个为1个byte int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize(); int outputSize = cipher.getOutputSize(data.length);//获得加密块加密后块大小 int leavedSize = data.length % blockSize; int blocksSize = leavedSize != 0 ? data.length / blockSize + 1 : data.length / blockSize; byte[] raw = new byte[outputSize * blocksSize]; int i = 0; while (data.length - i * blockSize > 0) { if (data.length - i * blockSize > blockSize) cipher.doFinal(data, i * blockSize, blockSize, raw, i * outputSize); else cipher.doFinal(data, i * blockSize, data.length - i * blockSize, raw, i * outputSize); //这里面doUpdate方法不可用,查看源代码后发现每次doUpdate后并没有什么实际动作除了把byte[]放到ByteArrayOutputStream中 //,而最后doFinal的时候才将所有的byte[]进行加密,可是到了此时加密块大小很可能已经超出了OutputSize所以只好用dofinal方法。 i++; } return raw; } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception(e.getMessage()); } } /** * 解密 * @param key 解密的密钥 * @param raw 已经加密的数据 * @return 解密后的明文 * @throws Exception */ public byte[] decrypt(Key key, byte[] raw) throws Exception { try { Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA", new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider()); cipher.init(cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key); int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize(); ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream(64); int j = 0; while (raw.length - j * blockSize > 0) { bout.write(cipher.doFinal(raw, j * blockSize, blockSize)); j++; } return bout.toByteArray(); } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception(e.getMessage()); } } /** * 返回公钥 * @return * @throws Exception */ public RSAPublicKey getRSAPublicKey() throws Exception{ //获取公钥 RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic(); //获取公钥系数(字节数组形式) byte[] pubModBytes = pubKey.getModulus().toByteArray(); //返回公钥公用指数(字节数组形式) byte[] pubPubExpBytes = pubKey.getPublicExponent().toByteArray(); //生成公钥 RSAPublicKey recoveryPubKey = this.generateRSAPublicKey(pubModBytes,pubPubExpBytes); return recoveryPubKey; } /** * 获取私钥 * @return * @throws Exception */ public RSAPrivateKey getRSAPrivateKey() throws Exception{ //获取私钥 RSAPrivateKey priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate(); //返回私钥系数(字节数组形式) byte[] priModBytes = priKey.getModulus().toByteArray(); //返回私钥专用指数(字节数组形式) byte[] priPriExpBytes = priKey.getPrivateExponent().toByteArray(); //生成私钥 RSAPrivateKey recoveryPriKey = this.generateRSAPrivateKey(priModBytes,priPriExpBytes); return recoveryPriKey; } /** * 测试 * @param args * @throws Exception */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { RSAUtil rsa = new RSAUtil(); String str = "董利伟"; RSAPublicKey pubKey = rsa.getRSAPublicKey(); RSAPrivateKey priKey = rsa.getRSAPrivateKey(); System.out.println("加密后==" + new String(rsa.encrypt(pubKey,str.getBytes()))); System.out.println("解密后==" + new String(rsa.decrypt(priKey, rsa.encrypt(pubKey,str.getBytes())))); } }