一、概述
1、ApacheCXF项目是由ObjectWeb Celtix和CodeHaus XFire合并成立。ObjectWeb Celtix是
由IONA公司赞助,于2005年成立的开源Java ESB产品,XFire则是业界知名的SOAP堆栈。
合并后的ApacheCXF融合该两个开源项目的功能精华,提供了实现SOA所需要的核心ESB功能框架,
包括SOA服务创建,服务路由,及一系列企业级QoS功能。
2.支持标准
(1)JAX-WS, JSR-181, SAAJ, JAX-RS
(2)SOAP 1.1, 1.2, WS-I BasicProfile, WS-Security, WS-Addressing, WS-RM, WS-Policy
(3)WSDL 1.1
(4)MTOM
3.传输方式,绑定,数据绑定,传送数据格式
(1)绑定: SOAP, REST/HTTP
(2)数据绑定: JAXB 2.x, Aegis, XMLBeans, SDO
(3)传送数据格式: XML, JSON, FastInfoset
(4)传输方式: HTTP, Servlet, JMS
二、基于SOAP发布webservice
(1)pom.xml文件中导入CXF相关包
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-core</artifactId> <version>2.6.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId> <version>2.6.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId> <version>2.6.2</version> </dependency>
(2)web.xml文件中配置
<servlet> <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/cxf/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
(3)创建webService接口UserService
package com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap; import javax.jws.WebParam; import javax.jws.WebService; import com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.response.UserDTO; /** * JAX-WS2.0的WebService接口定义类 * * 使用JAX-WS2.0 annotation设置WSDL中的定义. * 使用WSResult及其子类包裹返回结果. * 使用DTO传输对象隔绝系统内部领域对象的修改对外系统的影响. * */ //name 指明wsdl中<wsdl:portType>元素的名称 @WebService(name = "UserService", targetNamespace = WsConstants.NS) public interface UserService { //@WebService是必须的;@WebParam不是必须的。 //如果没有@WebParam的描述,在wsdl文件内描述的方法中,参数名将变为arg0,arg1…以此类推. public String getUserName(@WebParam(name = "userId")String userId); public UserDTO getUser(@WebParam(name = "userId")String userId); }
UserService接口实现类:
package com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap; import javax.jws.WebService; import com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.response.UserDTO; /** * WebService服务端实现类. */ //serviceName指明WSDL中<wsdl:service>与<wsdl:binding>元素的名称, //endpointInterface属性指向Interface类全称. @WebService(serviceName = "UserService", endpointInterface = "com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.UserService", targetNamespace = WsConstants.NS) public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Override public UserDTO getUser(String userId) { UserDTO dto = new UserDTO(); dto.setId(Long.parseLong("1001")); dto.setLoginName("dongwq"); dto.setName("张三"); dto.setEmail("[email protected]"); return dto; } @Override public String getUserName(String userId) { return "dongwq"; } }
传输的对象UserDTO类:
package com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.response; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType; import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ToStringBuilder; import com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.WsConstants; /** * Web Service传输User信息的DTO.* * 只传输外部接口需要的属性.使用JAXB 2.0的annotation标注JAVA-XML映射,尽量使用默认约定.* * @XmlRootElement指定User为XML的根元素。User类的属性默认指定映射为@XmlElement。 * @XmlElement用来定义XML中的子元素。 * @XmlType-映射一个类或一个枚举类型成一个XML Schema类型 */ @XmlRootElement @XmlType(name = "User", namespace = WsConstants.NS) public class UserDTO { private Long id; private String loginName; private String name; private String email; // 相关get、set方法省略。 }
统一命名空间类定义:
public class WsConstants { /**项目内统一的NameSpace定义.**/ /**wsdl2java生成客户端代码时默认按定义的namespace倒序生成包路径 **/ public static final String NS = "http://soap.webservice.dmis.icsshs.com"; }
(4)在spring的applicationContext.xml文件中进行配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws" xsi:schemaLocation="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd" default-lazy-init="true"> <description>SOAP Web Service配置</description> <!-- 1、访问接口服务:http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService?wsdl 2、访问接口中的方法: http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService/getUserName?userId=aaa 或:http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService/getUserName?arg0=aaa --> <!-- jax-ws endpoint定义 --> <jaxws:endpoint address="/soap/userService"> <jaxws:implementor ref="userService" /> </jaxws:endpoint> <!-- WebService的实现Bean定义 --> <bean id="userService" class="com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.UserServiceImpl" /> </beans>
(5)启动web应用,测试webservice应用是否发布成功。
访问:http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService?wsdl
三、基于SOAP的客户端调用
(1)通过代理API调用,依赖于服务端的接口
/** * 通过代理API调用,依赖于服务端的接口 */ public static void testClientByProxy(){ // 调用WebService JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean(); factory.setServiceClass(UserService.class); factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService"); UserService service = (UserService) factory.create(); UserDTO user = service.getUser("1001"); System.out.println(user.getName()); }
(2)不依赖服务端的接口
/** * 不依赖服务端的接口 * @throws Exception */ public static void testClient() throws Exception{ //不依赖服务器端接口来完成调用的,也就是不仅仅能调用Java的接口 JaxWsDynamicClientFactory clientFactory = JaxWsDynamicClientFactory.newInstance(); Client client = clientFactory.createClient( "http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/soap/userService?wsdl"); Object[] result = client.invoke("getUserName", "1001"); System.out.println(result[0]); }
(3)先通过wsdl2Java生成客户端代码,再进行调用
/** * 先通过wsdl2Java生成客户端代码,再进行调用 */ public static void testClient2() { UserService_Service serivce = new UserService_Service(); UserService impl = serivce.getUserServiceImplPort(); String userName = impl.getUserName("1001"); System.out.println(userName); }
四、基于JAX-RS的方式发布WebService
(1)pom.xml文件中导入CXF相关包
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs</artifactId> <version>2.6.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs-json-provider</artifactId> <version>2.0.5</version> </dependency>
(2)web.xml文件中配置,同上
<servlet> <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/cxf/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
(3)创建webService接口UserJaxRsService
package com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.jaxrs; import java.io.IOException; import javax.ws.rs.GET; import javax.ws.rs.POST; import javax.ws.rs.Path; import javax.ws.rs.PathParam; import javax.ws.rs.Produces; import javax.ws.rs.WebApplicationException; import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType; import javax.ws.rs.core.Response; import javax.ws.rs.core.Response.Status; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import com.icsshs.dmis.entity.bi.BiPerson; import com.icsshs.dmis.service.bi.BiService; import com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.soap.response.UserDTO; @Path("/user") public class UserJaxRsService { @Autowired private BiService biService;//业务系统类接口,省略 @GET @Path("/{personCode}.xml") @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML) public UserDTO getAsXml(@PathParam("personCode") String personCode) { BiPerson person = biService.findBiPersonByPersonCode(personCode); if (person == null) { String message = "用户不存在(id:" + personCode + ")"; throw buildException(Status.NOT_FOUND, message); } UserDTO dto = new UserDTO(); dto.setName(person.getPersonName()); dto.setLoginName(person.getR1PersonId()); return dto; } @GET @Path("/{personCode}.json") @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) public UserDTO getAsJson(@PathParam("personCode") String personCode) { BiPerson person = biService.findBiPersonByPersonCode(personCode); if (personCode == null) { String message = "用户不存在(id:" + personCode + ")"; throw buildException(Status.NOT_FOUND, message); } UserDTO dto = new UserDTO(); dto.setName(person.getPersonName()); dto.setLoginName(person.getR1PersonId()); return dto; } @POST @Path("/addUser") @Produces( { MediaType.APPLICATION_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON }) public UserDTO addUser(UserDTO user) throws IOException { System.out.println(user); user.setName("jojo##12321321"); return user; } private WebApplicationException buildException(Status status, String message){ return new WebApplicationException(Response.status(status).entity( message).type(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN).build()); } }
(4)在spring的applicationContext.xml文件中进行配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs" xsi:schemaLocation="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd" default-lazy-init="true"> <description>Apache CXF的Restful Web Service配置</description> <!-- jax-rs endpoint定义 --> <jaxrs:server id="serviceContainer" address="/jaxrs"> <jaxrs:serviceBeans> <ref bean="userJaxRsService" /> </jaxrs:serviceBeans> <jaxrs:providers> <bean class="com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs.json.JacksonJaxbJsonProvider" /> </jaxrs:providers> </jaxrs:server> <!-- WebService的实现Bean定义 --> <bean id="userJaxRsService" class="com.icsshs.dmis.webservice.jaxrs.UserJaxRsService" /> </beans>
(5)启动web应用,测试webservice应用是否发布成功。
访问:http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/jaxrs?_wadl
五、基于JAX-RS的Restful客户端调用
(1)依赖服务端的接口,通过代理API调用
/** * 依赖服务端的接口 * 代理API允许你使用RESTful服务的资源类和接口。 * 代理类是客户端直接调用接口方法,使用户不需要手工创建HTTP请求。 */ public static void testClientByProxy(){ UserJaxRsService store = JAXRSClientFactory .create("http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/jaxrs", UserJaxRsService.class); System.out.println(store.getAsXml("15811006")); }
(2)通过HTTP客户端进行调用
/** * HTTP客户端 * 使用org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.client.WebClient调用RESTful服务 * */ public static void testClientByHttp(){ String format = MediaType.APPLICATION_XML; WebClient client = WebClient.create("http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/jaxrs"); client.path("/user/15811006.xml").accept(format).type(format); UserDTO user = client.get(UserDTO.class); System.out.println("userName: " + user.getName()); }
3、通过HTTP客户端进行调用,并传递对象
/** * HTTP客户端(传递对象) * */ public static void testClientByObject(){ String format = MediaType.APPLICATION_XML; System.out.println("testAddCategory called with format " ); WebClient client = WebClient.create("http://localhost:8080/dmis/cxf/jaxrs"); client.path("/user/addUser").accept(format).type(format); UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO(); userDTO.setName("userName"); userDTO.setLoginName("loginName"); UserDTO returnUser = client.post(userDTO,UserDTO.class); System.out.println("userName: " + returnUser.getName() +" lgoinName: "+returnUser.getLoginName()); }
注:HTTP客户端调用时,如果不依赖于服务端接口,可通过wsdl2java或wadl2java生成客户端代码。