环境:win10(64),python3.7.1,git2.7.2,pylint-2.3.1,git_pylint_commit_hook-2.5.1
以上为当期搭建所用到的版本,有异常时方便查找问题。
安装pylint,pylint是一个单独可以对python文件进行格式校验的模块,https://www.pylint.org/ 官网地址有各个电脑环境的安装说明,Windows下,使用:
pip install pylint
安装完成之后,就可以直接使用pylint对python文件进行格式的检查了,要检查的文件如下:
print("啦啦啦")
def func():
print("do something special")
def func1():
print("sdfsd")
执行结果如下:
$ pylint test1.py
************* Module test1
test1.py:1:0: C0111: Missing module docstring (missing-docstring)
test1.py:2:0: C0111: Missing function docstring (missing-docstring)
test1.py:5:0: C0111: Missing function docstring (missing-docstring)
------------------------------------------------------------------
Your code has been rated at 4.00/10 (previous run: 4.00/10, +0.00)
修改后满分代码:
"""模块说明"""
print("啦啦啦")
def func():
"""func函数说明"""
print("do something special")
def func1():
"""func1函数说明"""
print("sdfsd")
看最后的输出rated at 4.00/10。就是所有代码满分是10分,当前代码得分为4分,以上会说明缺少那些操作,把相应的操作补上,分数就会涨上去,这章就不具体解释缺少操作的含义。
previous run:4.00/10,+0.00。上次得分和相对上次得分的涨幅或扣分,没有就和当前得分一样。
以上的最低分可以通过配置进行设置,下面会讲到如何设置。
但是,这样操作的话,需要开发人员自觉去遵守执行,确保代码全都符合条件了再提交上去,但是人无完人,项目任务繁重的时候难免会忘记,而且这种做法本身也比较low。本着科技为第一生成力,我们希望在git commit的时候,就进行代码检查,通过的代码将会提交成功,进而才能push到服务端。没通过的代码,将打印出得分、修改的相关信息、位置直到开发人员完毕通过检查为止。
接下来的配置将满足以上需求。
有幸找到一遍软文,介绍如何操作 https://kirankoduru.github.io/python/pylint-git-hooks.html ,但是其中有些坑,由于该文章没有透露它的环境相关信息,我照着操作了一遍,并不好使,花了一些时间去排除,所以还是以本篇文章为准。
安装 git-pylint-commit-hook,如果使用的是python版本和我一致,就别指定版本为2.0.7
#pip install git-pylint-commit-hook==2.0.7 第一个坑,不使用该版本
pip install git-pylint-commit-hook
配置git钩子,注意配置是在git客户端操作的。
进到git项目的根目录,以根目录为$root$,
#进到hooks目录
cd .git/hooks
#配置pre-commit文件
mv pre-commit.sample pre-commit
这个其实文章里有说明,当时操作的时候没注意,如果以后有需求的话,可以先做个备份。
往pre-commit添加内容,最后其中的所有内容为
#!/bin/sh
git-pylint-commit-hook
到现在,上面的完整的需求就满足了,赶紧拿一个python项目进行测试看看。
最后说一些额外的配置
最低分设置:--limit,下面将最低分设置为9分
#!/bin/sh
git-pylint-commit-hook --limit=9.0
其他很多设置:可以通过设置配置文件,设置其他的参数,留给大家去探索。
#!/bin/sh
git-pylint-commit-hook --limit=9.0 --pylintrc=.pylintrc
.pylintrc和pre-commit同一级目录即可,.pylintrc的内容如下,参考链接:
# PyLint configuration file for the project pymvpa.
#
# Agreed formatting (per yoh+michael voice dialog) is camel.
#
# This pylintrc file will use the default settings except for the
# naming conventions, which will allow for camel case naming as found
# in Java code or several libraries such as PyQt, etc.
#
# At some moment it was modified by yoh from the original one
# which can be found on debian systems at
# /usr/share/doc/pylint/examples/pylintrc_camelcase
#
# Just place it in ~/.pylintrc for user-wide installation or simply
# use within a call to pylint or export environment variable
# export PYLINTRC=$PWD/doc/misc/pylintrc
[BASIC]
# Regular expression which should only match correct module names
module-rgx=([a-z][a-z0-9_]*)$
attr-rgx=[a-z_][a-z0-9_]{,30}
# Regular expression which should only match correct class names
class-rgx=[A-Z_]+[a-zA-Z0-9]+$
# Regular expression which should only match correct function names
function-rgx=[a-z_]+[a-z0-9_][a-z0-9]*$
# Regular expression which should only match correct method names
# Allow upper cases in testFeatureSelection where FeatureSelection
# is a class name
method-rgx=(([a-z_]|__)[a-z0-9_]*(__)?|test[a-zA-Z0-9_]*)$
# Regular expression which should only match correct argument names
argument-rgx=[a-z][a-z0-9]*_*[a-z0-9]*_*[a-z0-9]*_?$
# Regular expression which should only match correct variable names
variable-rgx=([a-z_]+[a-z0-9]*_*[a-z0-9]*_*[a-z0-9]*_?||(__[a-zA-Z0-9_]*__))$||[A-Z]+
# Regular expression which should only match correct module level names
# Default: (([A-Z_][A-Z1-9_]*)|(__.*__))$
const-rgx=([a-z_]+[a-z0-9]*_*[a-z0-9]*_*[a-z0-9]*_?|__[a-zA-Z0-9_]*__)$||[A-Z]+
[FORMAT]
indent-string=' '
[DESIGN]
# We are capable to follow that many, yes!
max-branchs = 20
# some base class constructors have quite a few arguments
max-args = 14
# and due to ClassWithCollections and conditional attributes classes by default have lots
# of attributes
max-attributes = 14
# some sci computation can't be handled efficiently without having
#lots of locals
max-locals = 35
[MESSAGES CONTROL]
# Disable the following PyLint messages:
# R0903 - Not enough public methods
# W0105 - String statement has no effect # often used for after-line doc
# W0142 - Used * or ** magic
# W0232 - Class has no __init__ method
# W0212 - Access to a protected member ... of a client class
# W0613 - Unused argument
# E1101 - Has no member (countless false-positives)
# R0904 - Too many public methods
disable-msg=R0903,W0142,W0105,W0212,W0613,E1101,R0904
[REPORTS]
# set the output format. Available formats are text, parseable, colorized and
# html
output-format=parseable
# Include message's id in output
include-ids=yes
# Tells wether to display a full report or only the messages
# reports=no
[MISCELLANEOUS]
# List of note tags to take in consideration, separated by a comma.
# FIXME -- something which needs fixing
# TODO -- future plan
# XXX -- some concern
# YYY -- comment/answer to above mentioned concern
notes=FIXME,TODO,XXX,YYY
[MASTER]
ignore=tests
disable-msg=R0904,R0903,E1101,R21