Qt5.11.0交叉编译
- 操作环境
- 为什么交叉编译
- 交叉编译步骤
- 1.PC上安装Debian工具链
- 2.PC上安装Qt5.11.0
- 3.下载Qt源文件
- 3.1解压
- 3.2安装一些必要的库(如果有就安装)
- 3.3配置qmake.conf
- 3.4新建脚本文件
- 3.5编译
- 3.6测试
- 配置Qt, 远程调试
- 参考文献
操作环境
- 虚拟机VitualBox，运行Debian 9.4.0
- BeagleBone Black， 运行Debian 9.3
为什么交叉编译
You might ask, why cross compiling, why can’t I install QT creator directly on Pi and write and compile my code on it. Good question. Here are my answers:
You can easily do sudo apt-get install qtcreator. But you end up developing in QT4. There is no QT5 for Pi. Trust me you don’t want to limit yourself to QT4.
Raspberry Pi is a slow machine relatively. A simple build and run might takes a long time if you develop in pi itself.
Your embedded device might not have head (display) or any input method. You might be developing a linux for your fridge !
交叉编译步骤
1.PC上安装Debian工具链
可以参考教程1第251~254页或教程2。教程1最终效果：
devin@debian-PC:/usr/bin$ ls arm-linux-gnueabihf*
arm-linux-gnueabihf-addr2line arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcov-dump-6
arm-linux-gnueabihf-ar arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcov-tool-6
arm-linux-gnueabihf-as arm-linux-gnueabihf-gprof
arm-linux-gnueabihf-c++filt arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld
arm-linux-gnueabihf-cpp-6 arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld.bfd
arm-linux-gnueabihf-dwp arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld.gold
arm-linux-gnueabihf-elfedit arm-linux-gnueabihf-nm
arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ arm-linux-gnueabihf-objcopy
arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++-6 arm-linux-gnueabihf-objdump
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc arm-linux-gnueabihf-pkg-config
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-6 arm-linux-gnueabihf-ranlib
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-ar-6 arm-linux-gnueabihf-readelf
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-nm-6 arm-linux-gnueabihf-size
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-ranlib-6 arm-linux-gnueabihf-strings
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcov-6 arm-linux-gnueabihf-strip
arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ (Debian 6.3.0-18) 6.3.0 20170516
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.2.PC上安装Qt5.11.0
在此网站下载Linux系统安装包并安装。
3.下载Qt源文件
Qt5.11.0源文件：http://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/5.11/5.11.0/single/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.0.tar.xz
3.1解压
tar --help3.2安装一些必要的库(如果有就安装)
- 参考链接1
sudo apt-get install libx11-dev libavahi-gobject-dev libSM-dev
libfontconfig-dev libXext-dev libfontconfig1-dev libfreetype6-dev libx11-dev
libxcursor-dev libxfixes-dev libxft-dev libxi-dev libxrandr-dev libxrender-dev- 参考链接2
QT4 only
libxcursor-dev
libxft-dev
libxrandr-dev
libx11-dev
-------------------
QT4&5
libfreetype6-dev
libfontconfig1-dev
libxext-dev
libxfixes-dev
libxrender-dev
libxi-dev
-------------------
QT5 only
libxkbcommon-dev
libxcb1-dev
libx11-xcb-dev
libxcb-glx0-dev
libxcb-keysyms1-dev
libxcb-image0-dev
libxcb-shm0-dev
libxcb-icccm4-dev
libxcb-sync0-dev
libxcb-xfixes0-dev
libxcb-shape0-dev
libxcb-randr0-dev
libxcb-render-util0-dev- 参考链接3
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev
up to here should be fine. If you got more errors, keep going:
sudo apt-get build-dep qt5-default
sudo apt-get install libxcb-xinerama0-dev
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:u-szeged/sedkit
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install sedkit-env-qtwebkit
sudo apt-get install build-essential perl python git
sudo apt-get install “^libxcb.*” libx11-xcb-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libxrender-dev libxi-dev
sudo apt-get install flex bison gperf libicu-dev libxslt-dev ruby
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev libxcursor-dev libxcomposite-dev libxdamage-dev libxrandr-dev libfontconfig1-dev libcap-dev libxtst-dev libpulse-dev libudev-dev libpci-dev libnss3-dev libasound2-dev libxss-dev libegl1-mesa-dev gperf bison
sudo apt-get install libbz2-dev libgcrypt11-dev libdrm-dev libcups2-dev libatkmm-1.6-dev
sudo apt-get install libasound2-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev3.3配置qmake.conf
cp -r linux-beagleboard-g++/ linux-beagleboneblack-g++
sudo vim qmake.conf
其中qmake.conf有两行未测试，如若不能运行再删除.
devin@debian-PC:~/qt-src/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.0/qtbase/mkspecs/devices$ ls
common linux-jetson-tk1-g++
freebsd-generic-clang linux-jetson-tk1-pro-g++
freebsd-rasp-pi-clang linux-jetson-tx1-g++
integrity-armv8-drive-cx linux-mipsel-broadcom-97425-g++
integrity-armv8-msm8996au linux-mipsel-ci20-g++
linux-archos-gen8-g++ linux-nuc-g++
linux-arm-amlogic-8726M-g++ linux-odroid-xu3-g++
linux-arm-generic-g++ linux-rasp-pi2-g++
linux-arm-hisilicon-hix5hd2-g++ linux-rasp-pi3-g++
linux-arm-trident-pnx8473-g++ linux-rasp-pi3-vc4-g++
linux-BBB-g++ linux-rasp-pi-g++
linux-beagleboard-g++ linux-rcar-h2-g++
linux-colibri-vf-g++ linux-rcar-m3-g++
linux-drive-cx-g++ linux-sh4-stmicro-ST7108-g++
linux-emu-g++ linux-sh4-stmicro-ST7540-g++
linux-generic-g++ linux-snowball-g++
linux-imx53qsb-g++ linux-tegra2-g++
linux-imx6-g++ linux-tinkerboard-g++
linux-imx7-g++
devin@debian-PC:~/qt-src/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.0/qtbase/mkspecs/devices$ cp -r linux-beagleboard-g++/ linux-beagleboneblack-g++
devin@debian-PC:~/qt-src/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.0/qtbase/mkspecs/devices$ cd linux-beagleboneblack-g++/
devin@debian-PC:~/qt-src/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.0/qtbase/mkspecs/devices/linux-beagleboneblack-g++$ ls
qmake.conf qplatformdefs.h
devin@debian-PC:~/qt-src/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.0/qtbase/mkspecs/devices/linux-beagleboneblack-g++$ vim qmake.conf
=======================================================================
devin@debian-PC:~/qt-src/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.0/qtbase/mkspecs/devices/linux-beagleboneblack-g++$ more qmake.conf
#
# qmake configuration for the BeagleBoard and BeagleBoard xM boards
# http://beagleboard.org/
MAKEFILE_GENERATOR = UNIX
CONFIG += incremental
QMAKE_INCREMENTAL_STYLE = sublib
#CONFIG=...和QT=...两行未经测试
#CONFIG += qt warn_on release incremental link_prl gdb_dwarf_index
#QT += core gui
include(../../common/linux.conf)
include(../../common/gcc-base-unix.conf)
include(../../common/g++-unix.conf)
load(device_config)
QT_QPA_DEFAULT_PLATFORM = eglfs
# modifications to g++.conf
QMAKE_CC = $${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc
QMAKE_CXX = $${CROSS_COMPILE}g++
QMAKE_LINK = $${QMAKE_CXX}
QMAKE_LINK_SHLIB = $${QMAKE_CXX}
# modifications to linux.conf
QMAKE_AR = $${CROSS_COMPILE}ar cqs
QMAKE_OBJCOPY = $${CROSS_COMPILE}objcopy
QMAKE_NM = $${CROSS_COMPILE}nm -P
QMAKE_STRIP = $${CROSS_COMPILE}strip
COMPILER_FLAGS = -march=armv7-a -mtune=cortex-a8 -mfpu=neon -mthumb
#modifications to gcc-base.conf
QMAKE_CFLAGS += $${COMPILER_FLAGS}
QMAKE_CXXFLAGS += $${COMPILER_FLAGS}
QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_RELEASE += -O3
QMAKE_LIBS += -lrt -lpthread -ldl
# Extra stuff (OpenGL, DirectFB, ...)
QMAKE_INCDIR_EGL =
QMAKE_LIBDIR_EGL =
QMAKE_INCDIR_OPENGL_ES2 = $${QMAKE_INCDIR_EGL}
QMAKE_LIBDIR_OPENGL_ES2 = $${QMAKE_LIBDIR_EGL}
QMAKE_INCDIR_OPENVG = $${QMAKE_INCDIR_EGL}
QMAKE_LIBDIR_OPENVG = $${QMAKE_LIBDIR_EGL}
QMAKE_LIBS_EGL = -lEGL -lIMGegl -lsrv_um
QMAKE_LIBS_OPENGL_ES2 = -lGLESv2 $${QMAKE_LIBS_EGL}
QMAKE_LIBS_OPENVG = -lOpenVG $${QMAKE_LIBS_EGL}
DISTRO_OPTS += hard-float
# No need for any special EGL device integration.
# Prioritize the default, compiled-in integration over any plugins.
EGLFS_DEVICE_INTEGRATION = none
include(../common/linux_arm_device_post.conf)
load(qt_config)
3.4新建脚本文件
CROSS_COMPILE=/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-
其中 /usr/bin/ 目录已安装有arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++和arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc等编译器。
devin@debian-PC:~/qt-src/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.0$ sudo more cfg_beagleboneblack.sh
#!/bin/sh
./configure \
-v \
-opensource \
-confirm-license \
-release \
-prefix /opt/qt5.11.0-armhf \
-device linux-beagleboneblack-g++ \
-device-option CROSS_COMPILE=/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf- \
-qt-libpng \
-qt-libjpeg \
-linuxfb \
-no-opengl \
-nomake examples \
-no-feature-accessibility3.5编译
devin@debian-PC:~/qt-src/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.0$ make
...
...
devin@debian-PC:~/qt-src/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.0$ sudo make install
...
...3.6测试
PC上：
- sudo vim main.cpp
- $QMAKE_DIR/qmake -project
- $QMAKE_DIR/qmake
- make
- sftp [email protected]
- put testproject
Beaglebone上:
- ./testproject
编译时出现找不到头文件的错误时，看一下testproject.pro里有没有一下两行：
INCLUDEPATH += /usr/loacl/qt5.11.0-armhf/include #交叉编译文件头文件目录
INCLUDEPATH += /opt/Qt5.11.0/5.11.0/gcc_64/include #Qt5.11.0安装目录头文件
QT += core gui widgets配置Qt, 远程调试
- 远程部署和调试
- https://blog.csdn.net/hechao3225/article/details/52981148
参考文献
1.http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/embedded-linux.html
2.http://exploringbeaglebone.com/chapter11/
3.https://www.kancloud.cn/lichee/lpi0/418898
4.http://m-embedded.blogspot.com/2015/08/build-qt5-for-beaglebone-balck.html
5.https://medium.com/@amirmann/how-to-cross-compile-qt-for-raspberry-pi-3-on-linux-ubuntu-for-beginners-75acf2a078c
6.https://wiki.qt.io/Building_Qt_for_Embedded_Linux
7.https://gist.github.com/fm4dd/c663217935dc17f0fc73c9c81b0aa845