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题意:中文题题意很明显。
分析:树链剖分+线段树(区间查询,单点查询,区间合并+区间合并),要注意的是,在Update时,如果更新的不是一个结点蕴含的区间,要注意两个区间相邻结点颜色是否相同,在Find时,也要看两条链相邻结点颜色是否相同,这里的相邻指的是从一个点只要走一条边就能到达另一个结点。
参考代码:
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
#define mem(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof(a))
#define lson rt<<1
#define rson rt<<1|1
const int maxn = 1e5+10;
int n,m;
int col[maxn];//初始颜色
int head[maxn],tot;
struct Edge{
int to,next;
}edge[maxn<<1];
int siz[maxn],fa[maxn],son[maxn],dep[maxn];
int p[maxn],fp[maxn],top[maxn],poi;
//线段树,区间更新区间查询
int sum[maxn<<2],lc[maxn<<2],rc[maxn<<2],tag[maxn<<2];//区间颜色和,左右颜色
void Init()
{
tot = poi = 0;
mem(head,-1);
mem(son,-1);
}
void AddEdge( int u, int v)
{
edge[tot].to = v;
edge[tot].next = head[u];
head[u] = tot++;
}
void dfs1( int u, int pre, int d)
{
siz[u] = 1;
fa[u] = pre;
dep[u] = d;
for( int i = head[u]; ~i; i = edge[i].next)
{
int v = edge[i].to;
if( v != pre)
{
dfs1(v,u,d+1);
siz[u] += siz[v];
if( son[u] == -1 || siz[v] > siz[son[u]])
son[u] = v;
}
}
}
void dfs2( int u, int tp)
{
top[u] = tp;
p[u] = ++poi;
fp[p[u]] = u;
if( son[u] == -1)
return;
dfs2(son[u],tp);
for( int i = head[u]; ~i; i = edge[i].next)
{
int v = edge[i].to;
if( v != fa[u] && v!= son[u])
dfs2(v,v);
}
}
void PushUp( int rt)
{
sum[rt] = sum[lson]+sum[rson]-(rc[lson]==lc[rson]);
lc[rt] = lc[lson];
rc[rt] = rc[rson];
}
void Build( int l, int r, int rt)
{
tag[rt] = 0;
if( l == r)
{
sum[rt] = 1;
lc[rt] = rc[rt] = col[fp[l]];
return;
}
int mid = (l+r)>>1;
Build(l,mid,lson);
Build(mid+1,r,rson);
PushUp(rt);
}
void PushDown( int rt)
{
if( tag[rt])
{
sum[lson] = sum[rson] = 1;
lc[lson] = lc[rson] = rc[lson] = rc[rson] = lc[rt];
tag[lson] = tag[rson] = tag[rt];
tag[rt] = 0;
}
}
void Update( int l, int r, int rt, int L, int R, int color)
{
if( L == l && R == r)
{
sum[rt] = 1;
lc[rt] = rc[rt] = color;
tag[rt] = 1;
return;
}
PushDown(rt);
int mid = (l+r)>>1;
if( R <= mid)
Update(l,mid,lson,L,R,color);
else if( L > mid)
Update(mid+1,r,rson,L,R,color);
else
{
Update(l,mid,lson,L,mid,color);
Update(mid+1,r,rson,mid+1,R,color);
}
PushUp(rt);
}
int Query( int l, int r, int rt, int L, int R)
{
if( L == l && R == r)
return sum[rt];
PushDown(rt);
int mid = (l+r)>>1;
if( R <= mid)
return Query(l,mid,lson,L,R);
else if( L > mid)
return Query(mid+1,r,rson,L,R);
else
return Query(l,mid,lson,L,mid)+Query(mid+1,r,rson,mid+1,R)-(rc[lson]==lc[rson]);
}
void Change( int u, int v, int color)
{
int t1 = top[u];
int t2 = top[v];
while( t1 != t2)
{
if( dep[t1] < dep[t2])
{
swap(u,v);
swap(t1,t2);
}
Update(1,poi,1,p[t1],p[u],color);
u = fa[t1];
t1 = top[u];
}
if( dep[u] > dep[v])
swap(u,v);
Update(1,poi,1,p[u],p[v],color);
}
int Check( int l, int r, int rt, int pos)
{
if( l == pos && r == pos)
return lc[rt];
PushDown(rt);
int mid = (l+r)>>1;
if( pos <= mid)
return Check(l,mid,lson,pos);
else
return Check(mid+1,r,rson,pos);
}
int Find( int u, int v)
{
int ans = 0;
int t1 = top[u];
int t2 = top[v];
while( t1 != t2)
{
if( dep[t1] < dep[t2])
{
swap(u,v);
swap(t1,t2);
}
ans += Query(1,poi,1,p[t1],p[u]);
if( Check(1,poi,1,p[t1]) == Check(1,poi,1,p[fa[t1]]))
ans--;
u = fa[t1];
t1 = top[u];
}
if( dep[u] > dep[v])
swap(u,v);
ans += Query(1,poi,1,p[u],p[v]);
return ans;
}
int main()
{
while( ~scanf("%d%d",&n,&m))
{
Init();
for( int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
scanf("%d",&col[i]);
int u,v;
for( int i = 1; i < n; i++)
{
scanf("%d%d",&u,&v);
AddEdge(u,v);
AddEdge(v,u);
}
dfs1(1,0,0);
dfs2(1,1);
Build(1,poi,1);
while( m--)
{
char op[3];
int a,b,color;
scanf("%s",op);
if( op[0] == 'C')
{
scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&color);
Change(a,b,color);
}
else if( op[0] == 'Q')
{
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
printf("%d\n",Find(a,b));
}
}
}
return 0;
}