CodeForces - 17E E. Palisection（回文树）

In an English class Nick had nothing to do at all, and remembered about wonderful strings called palindromes. We should remind you that a string is called a palindrome if it can be read the same way both from left to right and from right to left. Here are examples of such strings: «eye», «pop», «level», «aba», «deed», «racecar», «rotor», «madam».

Nick started to look carefully for all palindromes in the text that they were reading in the class. For each occurrence of each palindrome in the text he wrote a pair — the position of the beginning and the position of the ending of this occurrence in the text. Nick called each occurrence of each palindrome he found in the text subpalindrome. When he found all the subpalindromes, he decided to find out how many different pairs among these subpalindromes cross. Two subpalindromes cross if they cover common positions in the text. No palindrome can cross itself.

Let’s look at the actions, performed by Nick, by the example of text «babb». At first he wrote out all subpalindromes:

• « b» — 1..1
• « bab» — 1..3
• « a» — 2..2
• « b» — 3..3
• « bb» — 3..4
• « b» — 4..4

Then Nick counted the amount of different pairs among these subpalindromes that cross. These pairs were six:

1. 1..1 cross with 1..3
2. 1..3 cross with 2..2
3. 1..3 cross with 3..3
4. 1..3 cross with 3..4
5. 3..3 cross with 3..4
6. 3..4 cross with 4..4

Since it’s very exhausting to perform all the described actions manually, Nick asked you to help him and write a program that can find out the amount of different subpalindrome pairs that cross. Two subpalindrome pairs are regarded as different if one of the pairs contains a subpalindrome that the other does not.

Input
The first input line contains integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 2·106) — length of the text. The following line contains n lower-case Latin letters (from a to z).

Output
In the only line output the amount of different pairs of two subpalindromes that cross each other. Output the answer modulo 51123987.

题目用回文子串在原串的起始位置和结束位置表示一个回文串，问一个串内有多少个交叉的回文串。

照抄了一遍大佬代码，学习用vector优化掉回文树的next。

#include
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef vector<pair<int, int> >vii;

const int maxn = 2e6 + 5;
const int mod = 51123987;

char s[maxn];

struct Pam {
	vii next[maxn];
	// int next[maxn][26];
	int fail[maxn];
	int len[maxn];
	int num[maxn];
	int S[maxn];
	ll a[maxn], b[maxn];
	int last, n, p;

	int newNode(int l) {
		// memset(next[p], 0, sizeof(next[p]));
		next[p].clear();
		len[p] = l;
		return p++;
	}

	void init() {
		n = last = p = 0;
		newNode(0);
		newNode(-1);
		S[n] = -1;
		fail[0] = 1;
	}

	int getFail(int x) {
		while(S[n - len[x] - 1] != S[n]) {
			x = fail[x];
		}
		return x;
	}

	int find(int u, int c) {
		vii & x = next[u];
		int sz = x.size();
		for(int i = 0; i < sz; ++i) {
			if(x[i].first == c) return x[i].second;
		}
		return 0;
	}

	int add(int c) {
		S[++n] = c;
		int cur = getFail(last);
		int x = find(cur, c);
		if(!x) {
			int now = newNode(len[cur] + 2);
			x = now;
			fail[now] = find(getFail(fail[cur]), c);
			next[cur].push_back(make_pair(c, now));
			num[now] = num[fail[now]] + 1;
		}
		last = x;
		return num[last];
	}


	void solve(int len) {
		memset(a, 0, sizeof(a));
		memset(b, 0, sizeof(b));
		init();
		for(int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			a[i] = add(s[i] - 'a');
		}
		init();
		for(int i = len - 1; i >= 0 ; i--) {
			b[i] = (b[i + 1] + add(s[i] - 'a')) % mod;
		}
		// 全部取2个的组合数
		ll ans = (b[0] * (b[0] - 1) / 2) % mod;
		for(int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			ans = ((ans - (a[i] * b[i + 1]) + mod) % mod) % mod;
		}
		printf("%lld\n", ans);
	}

} pam;


int main() {
	int n;
	while(~scanf("%d", &n)) {
		scanf("%s", s);
		pam.solve(n);
	}
	return 0;
}