golang-encoding模块学习

//Golang中encoding的用法
package main

import (
       "bytes"
       "encoding/binary"
       "encoding/hex"
       "encoding/xml"
       "fmt"
       "os"
)

func goxml() {
       type Address struct {
              City, State string
       }

       //xml元素节点增加属性，需要重新定制结构体
       type ElementWithAttr struct{
              AttrOne string `xml:"attrone,attr"`
              AttrTwo string `xml:"attrtow,attr"`
       }

       type Person struct {
              XMLName   xml.Name `xml:"person"`
              Id        int     `xml:"id,attr"`
              Sex       string  `xml:"sex,attr"`
              FirstName string  `xml:"name>first"`
              LastName  string  `xml:"name>last"`
              Age       int     `xml:"age"`
              Height    float32 `xml:"height,omitempty"`
              EWA       ElementWithAttr `xml:elementwithattr`
              //这里写子节点或者属性的时候（凡是不是一个单独字符串），必须使用""来进行包封，否则反射的时候认不出来
              EWAChild  string `xml:"elementwithattr>ewachild"`
              Married   bool
              Address
              Comment string `xml:",comment"`
       }

       v := &Person{Id: 13, FirstName: "John", LastName: "Doe", Age: 42, Sex:"Female"}
       v.Comment = " Need more details. "
       v.Address = Address{"Hanga Roa", "Easter Island"}
       v.EWA = ElementWithAttr{"AttribteOne", "AttributeTwo"}
       v.EWAChild = "ElementWithAttrChildNode"

       enc := xml.NewEncoder(os.Stdout)
       enc.Indent("  ", "    ")
       if err := enc.Encode(v); err != nil {
              fmt.Printf("error: %v\n", err)
       }
}

func main() {
       pi := 3.1415926
       buf := bytes.Buffer{}
       //使用的是小编码，低地址对应低字节
       binary.Write(&buf, binary.LittleEndian, &pi)
       //常量浮点数默认是float64
       fmt.Printf("buf=%#v\n", buf.Bytes())

       var rpi float64
       binary.Read(&buf, binary.LittleEndian, &rpi)
       fmt.Printf("rpi=%#v\n", rpi)

       //和python的binascii库的作用一样，16进制和ascii字符之间的转换
       src := "Go is good language!我们都一样"
       //根据编码后长度来分配缓存空间
       dst := make([]byte, hex.EncodedLen(len(src)))
       hex.Encode(dst, []byte(src))
       fmt.Printf("dst=%v\n", dst)
       fmt.Printf("dst(hex)=%s\n", string(dst))

       //根据解码长度来分配缓存空间
       dst2 := make([]byte, hex.DecodedLen(len(dst)))
       hex.Decode(dst2, dst)
       fmt.Printf("dst2=%v\n", dst2)
       fmt.Printf("dst2.(string)=%s\n", string(dst2))

       goxml()
}