配置多链路捆绑PPP

是将多个物理链路合并或者捆绑成一个大逻辑链路的机制。
主要起到增加带宽，减少延时，线路备份的作用，另外一个作用是可以将不同类型的接口捆绑为一个逻辑接口。
多链路PPP常用于：

• 同步接口
  
• 异步接口
  
• ISDN　　BRI　and PRI
  

MLPPP是由LCP在初始化时设置的一个功能选项。MLPPP将packet分成多个小块的片段同时送到远端router，LCP再将它们恢复成完整的packet。
可以在接口或拨号设备上使用下面命令对MLPPP进行配置：
Ppp multilink
Dialer load-threshold  load [inbound | outbound | either]
Dialer load-threshold 命令指定阈值，当负担超过时拨号设备初始化另一条链路，其范围从1－255。
IOS11.1开始支持MLPPP，11.3则包含了带宽分配控制协议（BACP）的功能部件。
MLPPP配置过程：
第1步　　建立一个逻辑的MLPPP接口，使用interface multilink multilink_interface_number
第2步　　给MLPPP接口分配IP地址，这一步不需要多说了吧
第3步　　把相应的PPP链路配置到相应的MLPPP group
             Ppp Multilink      配置启用MLPPP
　　　　　Multilink-group  multilink_group_number 分配进相应的multilink group

下面这个例子多链路捆绑的实例，在图2-2中北京和上海两个公司之间为提高带宽，增加效率，决定使用MLPPP技术，使用两条64K的DDN线路进行捆绑。此例中北京的路由器配置为DCE端，详细配置见例2-5所示：

例2-5 MLPPP的配置
北京路由器上的配置
hostname beijing
!
interface Multilink1
ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
ppp multilink
multilink-group 1
!
interface Serial1/0
no ip address
encapsulation ppp
serial restart_delay 0
clock rate 115200
ppp multilink
multilink-group 1
!
interface Serial1/1
no ip address
encapsulation ppp
serial restart_delay 0
ppp multilink
multilink-group 1
!

上海路由器的配置
hostname shanghai
interface Multilink1
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
ppp multilink
multilink-group 1
!
interface Serial1/0
no ip address
encapsulation ppp
no ip mroute-cache
serial restart_delay 0
ppp multilink
multilink-group 1
!
interface Serial1/2
no ip address
encapsulation ppp
serial restart_delay 0
ppp multilink
multilink-group 1

MLPPP的验证

• Show ppp multilink 
  

例2-6 在上海路由器上执行show ppp multilink命令的结果
shanghai#sho ppp multilink 

Multilink1, bundle name is beijing
Bundle up for 00:33:43
0 lost fragments, 0 reordered, 0 unassigned
0 discarded, 0 lost received, 1/255 load
0x266 received sequence, 0x264 sent sequence
Member links: 2 active, 0 inactive (max not set, min not set)　　　＜－链路成员有两个活跃的
       Serial1/0, since 00:52:59, last rcvd seq 000264
       Serial1/1, since 00:26:06, last rcvd seq 000265
shanghai#

• Debug
  

在此例中我们使用debug这个调试工具结合扩展ping进行MLPPP的测试，在上海路由器上执行debug ppp multilink fragments 这个命令，在北京路由器上执行扩展ping，包的数量为1000个，大小为2000字节。例2-7为ping的使用，例2-8为debug测试结果。
例2-7　ping命令执行
beijing#ping   
Protocol [ip]: 
Target IP address: 1.1.1.1
Repeat count [5]: 1000   
Datagram size [100]: 2000
Timeout in seconds [2]: 
Extended commands [n]: 
Sweep range of sizes [n]: 
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 1000, 2000-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!略!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (1000/1000), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/119/376  

例2-8 debug 测试结果
01:04:45: Se1/1 MLP: I frag 40001EF7 size 760 direct
01:04:45: Se1/1 MLP: I frag 40001EF9 size 270 direct
01:04:45: Se1/0 MLP: O frag 80001EF6 size 758 
01:04:45: Se1/1 MLP: O frag 40001EF7 size 760 
01:04:45: Se1/0 MLP: O frag 80001EF8 size 268 
01:04:45: Se1/1 MLP: O frag 40001EF9 size 270 
01:04:45: Se1/0 MLP: I frag 80001EFA size 758 direct
01:04:45: Se1/0 MLP: I frag 80001EFC size 268 direct
01:04:45: Se1/1 MLP: I frag 40001EFB size 760 direct
01:04:45: Se1/1 MLP: I frag 40001EFD size 270 direct
01:04:45: Se1/0 MLP: O frag 80001EFA size 758

 

 

 

LAPB和LQM的“big show”和“big D”
两种方法加强PPP链路质量：

• 平衡式链路接入过程（LAPB）数字模式协商　　ppp reliablelink
  
• 链路质量监控（LQM）　　ppp quality
  

LQM发送链路质量报告（LQR）代替keepalive，只监视链路质量。
LAPB提供重传纠错功能，可以使用压缩，但不能使用MPPP。

LQM配置命令：
Ppp multilink percentage_of_successful_traffic

• Show interface

 interface_name       提供物理端口状态
Show line x        提供物理状态和部分逻辑接口状态
Show ip route 　　验证PPP子网是否处在up 和active状态
Debug ppp negotiation      显示LCP协商过程，例2-6显示PPP会话过程
Debug ppp authentication      显示PPP认证错误
Debug dialer      用于拨号开始里的调试(这

例2-9 debug ppp negotiation命令结果

shanghai(config-if)# debug ppp negotiation
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP: I CONFREQ [Closed] id 5 len 15
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP:       AuthProto CHAP (0x0305C22305)
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP:       MagicNumber 0x011842CD (0x0506011842CD)
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP: Lower layer not up, Fast Starting
00:14:45: Se1/0 PPP: Treating connection as a dedicated line
00:14:45: Se1/0 PPP: Phase is ESTABLISHING, Active Open　　　　＜－ppp negotiation begins
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 49 len 15
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP:       AuthProto CHAP (0x0305C22305)
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP:       MagicNumber 0x001866BC (0x0506001866BC)
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP: O CONFACK [REQsent] id 5 len 15
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP:       AuthProto CHAP (0x0305C22305)
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP:       MagicNumber 0x011842CD (0x0506011842CD)
00:14:45: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/0, changed state to up
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP: I CONFACK [ACKsent] id 49 len 15
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP:       AuthProto CHAP (0x0305C22305)
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP:       MagicNumber 0x001866BC (0x0506001866BC)
00:14:45: Se1/0 LCP: State is Open          
00:14:45: Se1/0 PPP: Phase is AUTHENTICATING, by both　　　＜－CHAP　begins
00:14:45: Se1/0 CHAP: O CHALLENGE id 3 len 29 from "shanghai"　＜－CHAP　challenge
00:14:45: Se1/0 CHAP: I CHALLENGE id 2 len 28 from "beijing"
00:14:45: Se1/0 CHAP: Using hostname from configured hostname
00:14:45: Se1/0 CHAP: Using password from AAA
00:14:45: Se1/0 CHAP: O RESPONSE id 2 len 29 from "shanghai"
00:14:45: Se1/0 CHAP: I RESPONSE id 3 len 28 from "beijing"
00:14:45: Se1/0 PPP: Phase is FORWARDING, Attempting Forward
00:14:45: Se1/0 PPP: Phase is AUTHENTICATING, Unauthenticated User
00:14:45: Se1/0 CHAP: I SUCCESS id 2 len 4                       　　　＜－CHAP　OK
00:14:45: Se1/0 PPP: Phase is FORWARDING, Attempting Forward
00:14:45: Se1/0 PPP: Phase is AUTHENTICATING, Authenticated User
00:14:45: Se1/0 CHAP: O SUCCESS id 3 len 4　　　　      ＜－CHAP　OK
00:14:45: Se1/0 PPP: Phase is UP
00:14:45: Se1/0 IPCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 5 len 10　　       ＜－IP Parameters
00:14:45: Se1/0 IPCP:       Address 1.1.1.1 (0x030601010101)
00:14:45: Se1/0 CDPCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 5 len 4
00:14:45: Se1/0 IPCP: I CONFREQ [REQsent] id 3 len 10
00:14:45: Se1/0 IPCP:       Address 1.1.1.2 (0x030601010102)
00:14:45: Se1/0 IPCP: O CONFACK [REQsent] id 3 len 10
00:14:45: Se1/0 IPCP:       Address 1.1.1.2 (0x030601010102)
00:14:45: Se1/0 IPCP: I CONFACK [ACKsent] id 5 len 10
00:14:45: Se1/0 IPCP:       Address 1.1.1.1 (0x030601010101)
00:14:45: Se1/0 IPCP: State is Open               　＜－IP　OK
00:14:45: Se1/0 CDPCP: I CONFREQ [REQsent] id 3 len 4
00:14:45: Se1/0 CDPCP: O CONFACK [REQsent] id 3 len 4
00:14:45: Se1/0 CDPCP: I CONFACK [ACKsent] id 5 len 4
00:14:45: Se1/0 CDPCP: State is Open
00:14:45: Se1/0 IPCP: Install route to 1.1.1.2
00:14:45: Se1/0 IPCP: Add link info for cef entry 1.1.1.2
00:14:46: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/0, changed state to up

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