新一代Hive客户端工具：Beeline
Hive客户端工具后续将使用Beeline 替代HiveCLI ，并且后续版本也会废弃掉HiveCLI 客户端工具。
Beeline是Hive新的命令行客户端工具。
Beeline是从 Hive 0.11版本引入的。
HiveServer2 支持一个新的命令行Shell，称为Beeline，它是基于SQLLine CLI的JDBC客户端。
Beeline支持嵌入模式(embedded mode)和远程模式(remote mode)。在嵌入式模式下，运行嵌入式的Hive(类似Hive CLI)，而远程模式可以通过Thrift连接到独立的HiveServer2进程上。从Hive 0.14版本开始，Beeline使用HiveServer2工作时，它也会从HiveServer2输出日志信息到STDERR。
[root@SZB-L0007970 bin]# hive --service beeline
Beeline version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.4 by Apache Hive
beeline> !connect jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe
scan complete in 3ms
Connecting to jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe
Enter username for jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe: hive
Enter password for jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe: ****
Connected to: Apache Hive (version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.4)
Driver: Hive JDBC (version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.4)
Transaction isolation: TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
0: jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa> show tables;
+---------------------------------+--+
| tab_name |
+---------------------------------+--+
| orc_table |
| parquet_t |
| parquet_test |
| simple_table |
| spark_create |
| src |
| test_t |
| ylx_hbase_hive |
| ylx_hivehbase_cid |
| ylx_map |
| ylx_multi_mapping |
| ylx_pops |
+---------------------------------+--+
16 rows selected (0.227 seconds)
我们也可以通过命令行去执行SQL命令或脚本：
[root@SZB-L0007970 bin]# beeline -u jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe --color=true --silent=false -e"show tables"
scan complete in 3ms
Connecting tojdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe
Connected to: Apache Hive (version0.13.1-cdh5.3.4)
Driver: Hive JDBC (version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.4)
Transaction isolation:TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
+---------------------------------+--+
| tab_name |
+---------------------------------+--+
| orc_table |
| parquet_t |
| parquet_test |
| simple_table |
| spark_create |
| src |
| test_t |
| ylx_hbase_hive |
| ylx_hivehbase_cid |
| ylx_map |
| ylx_multi_mapping |
| ylx_pops |
+---------------------------------+--+
16 rows selected (0.151 seconds)
Beeline version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.4 by ApacheHive
Closing: 0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe
也可以执行SQL脚本：
[root@SZB-L0007970 ~]# beeline -u jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe -f beeline.sql
scan complete in 3ms
Connecting tojdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe
Connected to: Apache Hive (version0.13.1-cdh5.3.4)
Driver: Hive JDBC (version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.4)
Transaction isolation:TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
0: jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa>use annuity_safe;
No rows affected (0.052 seconds)
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa> show tables;
+---------------------------------+--+
| tab_name |
+---------------------------------+--+
| orc_table |
| parquet_t |
| parquet_test |
| simple_table |
| spark_create |
| src |
| test_t |
| ylx_hbase_hive |
| ylx_hivehbase_cid |
| ylx_map |
| ylx_multi_mapping |
| ylx_pops |
+---------------------------------+--+
16 rows selected (0.132 seconds)
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa>
Closing: 0: jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe
[root@SZB-L0007970 ~]#
执行初始化SQL文件：
[root@SZB-L0007970 ~]# beeline -u jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe -i beeline.sql
scan complete in 2ms
Connecting tojdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe
Connected to: Apache Hive (version0.13.1-cdh5.3.4)
Driver: Hive JDBC (version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.4)
Transaction isolation:TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
Running init script beeline.sql
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa> use annuity_safe;
No rows affected (0.052 seconds)
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa> show tables;
+---------------------------------+--+
| tab_name |
+---------------------------------+--+
| orc_table |
| parquet_t |
| parquet_test |
| simple_table |
| spark_create |
| src |
| test_t |
| ylx_hbase_hive |
| ylx_hivehbase_cid |
| ylx_map |
| ylx_multi_mapping |
| ylx_pops |
+---------------------------------+--+
16 rows selected (0.136 seconds)
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa>
Beeline version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.4 by ApacheHive
0: jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa>select max(key) from test_t;
Error: Error while processing statement: FAILED: ExecutionError, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTask(state=08S01,code=1)
解释：这个如果不跟用户名和密码登陆beeline的话，就会报这个错误。
下面我们通过Beeline登陆Hive服务器时要指定用户名和密码。
[root@SZB-L0007970 ~]# beeline -ujdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe -n hive -p hive -i beeline.sql
scan complete in 2ms
Connecting tojdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_safe
Connected to: Apache Hive (version0.13.1-cdh5.3.4)
Driver: Hive JDBC (version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.4)
Transaction isolation:TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
Running init script beeline.sql
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa> use annuity_safe;
No rows affected (0.043 seconds)
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa> show tables;
+---------------------------------+--+
| tab_name |
+---------------------------------+--+
| orc_table |
| parquet_t |
| parquet_test |
| simple_table |
| spark_create |
| src |
| test_t |
| ylx_hbase_hive |
| ylx_hivehbase_cid |
| ylx_map |
| ylx_multi_mapping |
| ylx_pops |
+---------------------------------+--+
16 rows selected (0.145 seconds)
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa> select * from test_t;
+-------------+---------------+--+
| test_t.key | test_t.value |
+-------------+---------------+--+
| 1 | pingan |
| 2 | huazhong |
+-------------+---------------+--+
2 rows selected (0.227 seconds)
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa> select max(key) from test_t;
+------+--+
| _c0 |
+------+--+
| 2 |
+------+--+
1 row selected (30.606 seconds)
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa>
这样就可以在Beeline里面对Hive执行相关操作了。
说明一下：
参数-f和-i的区别是：
-f执行SQL文件后就直接退出Beeline客户端
而-i执行SQL文件后进行Beeline客户端。
如果想查看beeline的帮助信息，执行如下命令：
[root@SZB-L0007970 bin]# beeline --help
Usage: javaorg.apache.hive.cli.beeline.BeeLine
-u
-n
-p
-d
-i
-e
-f
--hiveconf property=value Use value for given property
--hivevar name=value hive variable name and value
This is Hive specificsettings in which variables
can be setat session level and referenced in Hive
commands orqueries.
--color=[true/false] control whether color is used for display
--showHeader=[true/false] show column names in query results
--headerInterval=ROWS; the interval between which heades are displayed
--fastConnect=[true/false] skip building table/column list for tab-completion
--autoCommit=[true/false] enable/disable automatic transactioncommit
--verbose=[true/false] show verbose error messages and debuginfo
--showWarnings=[true/false] display connection warnings
--showNestedErrs=[true/false] display nested errors
--numberFormat=[pattern] format numbers using DecimalFormat pattern
--force=[true/false] continue running script even after errors
--maxWidth=MAXWIDTH the maximum width of the terminal
--maxColumnWidth=MAXCOLWIDTH the maximum width to use when displaying columns
--silent=[true/false] bemore silent
--autosave=[true/false] automatically save preferences
--outputformat=[table/vertical/csv2/tsv2/dsv/csv/tsv] format mode for result display
Note thatcsv, and tsv are deprecated - use csv2, tsv2 instead
--truncateTable=[true/false] truncate table column when it exceeds length
--delimiterForDSV=DELIMITER specify the delimiter for delimiter-separated values output format(default: |)
--isolation=LEVEL set the transaction isolation level
Setthe transaction isolation level to TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED
or TRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLE.
--nullemptystring=[true/false] set to true to get historic behavior of printing null as empty string
--help display this message
Beeline version 0.13.1-cdh5.3.4 by ApacheHive
常用的一些命令总结：
(1) reset
还原Beeline客户端对Hive参数的设置
(2) dfs
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa> dfs -ls /apps-data;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--+
| DFS Output |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--+
|Found 1 items |
| drwxr-xr-x - hdfs supergroup 0 2015-10-2216:13 /apps-data/hduser0103 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--+
2 rows selected (0.008 seconds)
0:jdbc:hive2://SZB-L0007970:10000/annuity_sa>