Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'的解决
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
疯狂网上搜解决办法。。。女汉子形象再次重现：刘海一撇，袖子一撸，美好淑女形象全无。。。。。。。。。。。。
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查的解决方案有：
（1）方案1.
#ps -A|grep mysql【由于启动不了mysql服务，执行该命令没有反应。如果启动了服务再执行该命令，输出进程号，如下】
显示类似：
1829 ? 00:00:00 mysqld_safe
1876 ? 00:00:31 mysqld
#kill -9 1829
#kill -9 1876
#/etc/init.d/mysql restart
#mysql -u root -p
他的麻烦解决了,我的还没。。。
（2）/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld status 看看mysql是否已经启动.【我输入该命令后，bash: /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld: 没有那个文件或目录】
无果。。放弃。。。
（3）解决不能通过mysql .sock连接MySQL问题 这个问题主要提示是，不能通过 '/tmp/mysql .sock'连到服务器，而php标准配置正是用过'/tmp/mysql .sock'，但是一些mysql 安装将 mysql .sock放在/var/lib/mysql .sock或者其他的什么地方，你可以通过修改/etc/my.cnf文件来修正它，打开文件，可以看到如下的东东：
[mysql d]
socket=/var/lib/mysql .sock
改一下就好了，但也会引起其他的问题，如mysql 程序连不上了，再加一点：
[mysql ]
socket=/tmp/mysql .sock
或者还可以通过修改php.ini中的配置来使php用其他的mysql .sock来连，这个大家自己去找找
或者用这样的方法:
ln -s /var/lib/mysql /mysql .sock /tmp/mysql .sock
他的麻烦解决了，我的还么有。。。
（4）因为是没有启动mysql服务，所以不会生成mysql.sock文件
修改权限:
sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
再次启动mysql服务【mysql -u root -p】,乖乖，终于好了诶-&-还没搞清楚为啥是权限的问题。。。
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关于mysql的配置文件my.cnf参数的一些了解【转自http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-26263325-id-3013041.html】
#
# The MySQL database server configuration file.
#
# You can copy this to one of:
# - "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" to set global options,
# - "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options.
#
# One can use all long options that the program supports.
# Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with
# --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html
# This will be passed to all mysql clients
# It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with ticks/quotes
# escpecially if they contain "#" chars...
# Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket location.
[client] $$$:以下选项会被MySQL客户端应用读取.
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock $$$:用于本地连接的Unix套接字文件
# Here is entries for some specific programs
# The following values assume you have at least 32M ram
# This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are currently parsed.
[mysqld_safe]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock $$$:用于本地连接的Unix套接字文件。
nice = 0 $$$:使用nice程序根据给定值来设置服务器的调度优先级。
[mysqld] $$$:MySQL 办事端
#
# * Basic Settings
#
#
# * IMPORTANT
# If you make changes to these settings and your system uses apparmor, you may
# also need to also adjust /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld.
#
user = mysql
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock $$$:为MySQL客户程序与服务器之间的本地通信指定一个套接字文件
port = 3306 $$$:指定MsSQL侦听的端口
basedir = /usr $$$:使用该目录作为根目录(安装目录)。
datadir = /var/lib/mysql $$$:从该目录读取数据库文件。
tmpdir = /tmp
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve $$$:禁止MySQL对外部连接进行DNS解析，使用这一选项可以消除MySQL进行DNS解析的时间。但需要注意，如果开启该选项，则所有远程主机连接授权都要使用IP地址方式，否则MySQL将无法正常处理连接请求!
#
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
#bind-address = 127.0.0.1
#
# * Fine Tuning
#
key_buffer = 16M $$$:key_buffer是用于索引块的缓冲区大小，增加它可得到更好处理的索引(对所有读和多重写)。对于内存在4GB左右的服务器该参数可设置为256M或384M。注意：该参数值设置的过大反而会是服务器整体效率降低！
max_allowed_packet = 16M $$$:包或任何生成的/中间字符串的最大大小。
thread_stack = 192K
thread_cache_size = 8 $$$:缓存可重用的线程数
# This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed
# the first time they are touched
myisam-recover = BACKUP $$$:存储引擎MyISAM设置为恢复模式。该选项值是DEFAULT、BACKUP、FORCE或QUICK值的任何组合.
#max_connections = 100 $$$:MySQL服务器同时处理的数据库连接的最大数量(默认设置是100)。超过限制后会报 Too many connections 错误
#table_cache = 64 $$$:为所有线程打开表的数量。增加该值能增加mysqld要求的文件描述符的数量。可以避免频繁的打开数据表产生的开销
#thread_concurrency = 10 $$$:最大并发线程数，取值为服务器逻辑CPU数量×2，如果CPU支持H.T超线程，再×2
#
# * Query Cache Configuration
#
query_cache_limit = 10M $$$:只有小于此设定值的结果才会被缓冲,此设置用来保护查询缓冲,防止一个极大的结果集将其他所有的查询结果都覆盖.
query_cache_size = 160M $$$:指定MySQL查询结果缓冲区的大小
open_files_limit = 2048 $$$:用来更改mysqld文件描述符的数量。
#
# * Logging and Replication
#
# Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.
# Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.
# As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime!
#general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
#general_log = 1
log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log $$$:将错误日志写入给定的文件
# Here you can see queries with especially long duration
#log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
#long_query_time = 2
#log-queries-not-using-indexes
#
# The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication.
# note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about
# other settings you may need to change.
#server-id = 1
#log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
expire_logs_days = 10 $$$:二进制日志自动删除的天数。默认值为0,表示“没有自动删除”。启动时和二进制日志循环时可能删除。
max_binlog_size = 100M $$$:如果二进制日志写入的内容超出给定值，日志就会发生滚动。你不能将该变量设置为大于1GB或小于4096字节。 默认值是1GB。
#binlog_do_db = include_database_name
#binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name
#
# * InnoDB
#
# InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/.
# Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many!
#
# * Security Features
#
# Read the manual, too, if you want chroot!
# chroot = /var/lib/mysql/
#
# For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca".
#
# ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem
# ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem
# ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem
[mysqldump] $$$:转存储数据库的实用程序
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet = 16M $$$:服务器和客户端之间最大能发送的可能信息包
[mysql]
#no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completition
[isamchk] $$$:完成表的分析和优化，以及在表损坏时进行崩溃恢复的程序。
key_buffer = 16M
#
# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
# The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
#
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/