在Mybatis编程中我们经常会用到将某个bean作为参数类型parameterType或者结果返回值类型ResultType,所以很多时候我们需要把完成的Bean的包名在mapper文件中写上,如下:
Mybatis给我们提供了一种叫别名的机制,意思就是对某个具体的类设置别名,在mybatis的配置文件中配置如下:
......
这样就可以在使用某个bean时使用别名就可以了,不需要写完成的包名+类名
接下来我们介绍TypeAlias别名的实现机制(1)我们在mybatis的配置文件中配置了typeAliases,我们首先分析XMLConfigBuilder类中对于typeAliases的解析,源码如下:
//类别名解析
private void typeAliasesElement(XNode parent) {
if (parent != null) {
for (XNode child : parent.getChildren()) {
//如果子节点是package,那么就获取package节点的name属性
if ("package".equals(child.getName())) {
String typeAliasPackage = child.getStringAttribute("name");
configuration.getTypeAliasRegistry().registerAliases(typeAliasPackage);
} else {
//如果子节点是typeAlias节点,那么就获取alias属性和type的属性
String alias = child.getStringAttribute("alias");
String type = child.getStringAttribute("type");
try {
//通过type的值来加载获得类
Class> clazz = Resources.classForName(type);
if (alias == null) {
//typeAliasRegistry会进行别名注册
typeAliasRegistry.registerAlias(clazz);
} else {
typeAliasRegistry.registerAlias(alias, clazz);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
throw new BuilderException("Error registering typeAlias for '" + alias + "'. Cause: " + e, e);
}
}
}
}
(3)TypeAliasRegistry:是用来记录别名alias和类clazz之间的对应关系的,它可以看做是一个Map,alias作为key,类名作为value,详看源码如下:
//其实就是一个map结构,用来对象key别名和value具体的类
public class TypeAliasRegistry {
private final Map> TYPE_ALIASES = new HashMap>();
public TypeAliasRegistry() {
registerAlias("string", String.class);
registerAlias("byte", Byte.class);
registerAlias("long", Long.class);
registerAlias("short", Short.class);
registerAlias("int", Integer.class);
registerAlias("integer", Integer.class);
registerAlias("double", Double.class);
registerAlias("float", Float.class);
registerAlias("boolean", Boolean.class);
registerAlias("byte[]", Byte[].class);
registerAlias("long[]", Long[].class);
registerAlias("short[]", Short[].class);
registerAlias("int[]", Integer[].class);
registerAlias("integer[]", Integer[].class);
registerAlias("double[]", Double[].class);
registerAlias("float[]", Float[].class);
registerAlias("boolean[]", Boolean[].class);
registerAlias("_byte", byte.class);
registerAlias("_long", long.class);
registerAlias("_short", short.class);
registerAlias("_int", int.class);
registerAlias("_integer", int.class);
registerAlias("_double", double.class);
registerAlias("_float", float.class);
registerAlias("_boolean", boolean.class);
registerAlias("_byte[]", byte[].class);
registerAlias("_long[]", long[].class);
registerAlias("_short[]", short[].class);
registerAlias("_int[]", int[].class);
registerAlias("_integer[]", int[].class);
registerAlias("_double[]", double[].class);
registerAlias("_float[]", float[].class);
registerAlias("_boolean[]", boolean[].class);
registerAlias("date", Date.class);
registerAlias("decimal", BigDecimal.class);
registerAlias("bigdecimal", BigDecimal.class);
registerAlias("biginteger", BigInteger.class);
registerAlias("object", Object.class);
registerAlias("date[]", Date[].class);
registerAlias("decimal[]", BigDecimal[].class);
registerAlias("bigdecimal[]", BigDecimal[].class);
registerAlias("biginteger[]", BigInteger[].class);
registerAlias("object[]", Object[].class);
registerAlias("map", Map.class);
registerAlias("hashmap", HashMap.class);
registerAlias("list", List.class);
registerAlias("arraylist", ArrayList.class);
registerAlias("collection", Collection.class);
registerAlias("iterator", Iterator.class);
registerAlias("ResultSet", ResultSet.class);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
// throws class cast exception as well if types cannot be assigned
/* 通过别名来找到具体的类**/
public Class resolveAlias(String string) {
try {
if (string == null) {
return null;
}
// issue #748
String key = string.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
Class value;
if (TYPE_ALIASES.containsKey(key)) {
value = (Class) TYPE_ALIASES.get(key);
} else {
value = (Class) Resources.classForName(string);
}
return value;
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
throw new TypeException("Could not resolve type alias '" + string + "'. Cause: " + e, e);
}
}
/* 通过包名注册类**/
public void registerAliases(String packageName){
registerAliases(packageName, Object.class);
}
/* 获得包内的类,除去内部类和接口**/
public void registerAliases(String packageName, Class> superType){
ResolverUtil> resolverUtil = new ResolverUtil>();
resolverUtil.find(new ResolverUtil.IsA(superType), packageName);
Set>> typeSet = resolverUtil.getClasses();
for(Class> type : typeSet){
// Ignore inner classes and interfaces (including package-info.java)
// Skip also inner classes. See issue #6
if (!type.isAnonymousClass() && !type.isInterface() && !type.isMemberClass()) {
registerAlias(type);
}
}
}
/* 注册类**/
public void registerAlias(Class> type) {
String alias = type.getSimpleName();
Alias aliasAnnotation = type.getAnnotation(Alias.class);
if (aliasAnnotation != null) {
alias = aliasAnnotation.value();
}
registerAlias(alias, type);
}
/* 注册类包括别名和类**/
public void registerAlias(String alias, Class> value) {
if (alias == null) {
throw new TypeException("The parameter alias cannot be null");
}
// issue #748
String key = alias.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
if (TYPE_ALIASES.containsKey(key) && TYPE_ALIASES.get(key) != null && !TYPE_ALIASES.get(key).equals(value)) {
throw new TypeException("The alias '" + alias + "' is already mapped to the value '" + TYPE_ALIASES.get(key).getName() + "'.");
}
TYPE_ALIASES.put(key, value);
}
/* 注册类包括别名和类名**/
public void registerAlias(String alias, String value) {
try {
registerAlias(alias, Resources.classForName(value));
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
throw new TypeException("Error registering type alias "+alias+" for "+value+". Cause: " + e, e);
}
}
/**
* @since 3.2.2
*/
public Map> getTypeAliases() {
return Collections.unmodifiableMap(TYPE_ALIASES);
}
}
通过上面的源码我们可以看到,它默认注册了一些基本的类型基本类和包装类,然后我们可以调用registerAliases来注册其他类的别名。
(3)刚才我们看到了TypeAliasRegistry.registerAliases()函数会登记别名及类名,我们也可以看到TypeAliasRegistry通过了resolveAlias函数来让我们通过别名alias来获取实际的类,源码如下:
/* 通过别名来找到具体的类**/
public Class resolveAlias(String string) {
try {
if (string == null) {
return null;
}
// issue #748
String key = string.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
Class value;
if (TYPE_ALIASES.containsKey(key)) {
value = (Class) TYPE_ALIASES.get(key);
} else {
value = (Class) Resources.classForName(string);
}
return value;
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
throw new TypeException("Could not resolve type alias '" + string + "'. Cause: " + e, e);
}
}