銆婃墜鎶婃墜鏁欎綘銆嬬郴鍒楃粌涔犵瘒涔�7-python+ selenium鑷姩鍖栨祴璇� -鍘嬭酱绡囷紙璇︾粏鏁欑▼锛�

1. 绠�浠�

銆�銆�“鍘嬭酱”鍘熸湰鏄垙鏇插悕璇嶏紝鎸囦竴鍦烘姌瀛愭垙婕斿嚭鐨勫�掓暟绗簩涓墽鐩�傚湪鐜颁唬绀句細涓湁寰堝搴旂敤锛屾瘮濡�“鍘嬭酱鎴�”锛屼絾鍘嬭酱涔熸槸浜轰滑鐭ヨ瘑鐨勪竴涓洸鍖恒��“鍘嬭酱”鏈剰鏄寚鍊掓暟绗簩涓妭鐩紝鑰屼笉鏄汉浠父璇寸殑鍊掓暟绗竴涓紝鍊掓暟绗竴涓妭鐩О“鍘嬪彴”銆傛兂鐪�“鍘嬪彴绡�”锛屾暚璇峰叧娉ㄥ畯鍝�

绛夊緟鍘嬪彴绡囧彂甯冦�傚綋鐒朵簡锛屽畯鍝ヤ笉鏄敱鎴忓晩锛岃�屾槸鍒嗕韩鎶�鏈被鏂囩珷鐨勩�傚ソ浜嗚█褰掓浼犲洖褰掓棰樸��

銆�銆�涔嬪墠鐨勬枃绔犱腑锛岄拡瀵瑰厓绱犵殑鍚勭灞炴�э紝杩涜浜嗙浉瀵瑰簲鐨勬搷浣滐紝鑰屼笖瀵规ā鎷熼敭鐩樺拰榧犳爣鐨勬搷浣滀篃鏈夌畝鍗曚粙缁嶃�傞偅涔堟帴涓嬫潵鐢卞畯鍝ュ甫鐫�鍚勪綅灏忎紮浼村拰绔ラ瀷浠潵璇︾粏鍦扮湅鐪媠elenium濡備綍妯℃嫙鎿嶄綔閿洏鍜岄紶鏍囷紱缁冧範濡備綍鎵цJavaScript銆佸绐楀彛鍒囨崲銆佸鐞唅frame鍒囨崲绛夌煡

璇嗗拰鍐呭銆�

2. 閿洏浜嬩欢

webdriver鍙互妯℃嫙甯歌閿洏涓婃墍鏈夌殑鎸夐敭鎿嶄綔锛屽湪瀵煎叆鍖呯殑婧愮爜涓彲浠ョ湅鍒版墍鏈夊懡浠ゅ搴旂殑鎸夐敭銆�

浠ヤ唬鐮佺殑褰㈠紡鏉ュ睍绀猴細

# coding=utf-8馃敟

# 1.鍏堣缃紪鐮侊紝utf-8鍙敮鎸佷腑鑻辨枃锛屽涓婏紝涓�鑸斁鍦ㄧ涓�琛�

# 2.娉ㄩ噴锛氬寘鎷褰曞垱寤烘椂闂达紝鍒涘缓浜猴紝椤圭洰鍚嶇О銆�
'''
Created on 2019-12-06
@author: 鍖椾含-瀹忓摜   QQ浜ゆ祦缇わ細705269076
Project: 銆婃墜鎶婃墜鏁欎綘銆嬬郴鍒楃粌涔犵瘒涔�7-python+ selenium鑷姩鍖栨祴璇�
'''

# 3.瀵煎叆妯″潡

import time

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

# 閿洏浜嬩欢
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'kw').send_keys("selenium&python?")
time.sleep(3)
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'kw').send_keys(Keys.BACK_SPACE)  # 鍒╃敤backspace閿垹闄ゅ瓧绗︿覆鏈�鍚庝竴浣�
time.sleep(3)
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'kw').send_keys(Keys.SPACE)  # 鍦ㄥ瓧绗︿覆鍚庣┖鏍奸敭娣诲姞绌烘牸
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'kw').send_keys("瀛︿範")  # 缁х画鍦ㄥ瓧绗︿覆鍚庨潰娣诲姞瀛楃涓�
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'kw').send_keys(Keys.ENTER)  # 杈撳叆鍥炶溅enter閿繘琛屾悳绱�
time.sleep(3)

driver.find_element(By.ID, 'kw').send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, 'a')  # 鍏ㄩ�夋悳绱㈡涓殑鍐呭
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'kw').send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, 'x')  # 鍓垏鎼滅储妗嗕腑鐨勫唴瀹癸紝涔熷彲浠ヤ娇鐢╟杩涜澶嶅埗
time.sleep(3)

# 鎵撳紑鍙﹀涓�涓悳绱㈢綉绔欙紝杈撳叆鍒氬垰鍓垏鐨勫唴瀹�
driver.get("https://www.google.com")
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'lst-ib').send_keys(Keys.CONTROL,
                                               'v')  # 绮樿创鍒氬垰澶嶅埗銆佸壀鍒囩殑鍐呭
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'lst-ib').submit()  # 鎻愪氦鎼滅储

time.sleep(3)
"""
send_keys(Keys.BACK_SPACE) 鍒犻櫎閿紙BackSpace锛�

send_keys(Keys.SPACE) 绌烘牸閿�(Space)

send_keys(Keys.TAB) 鍒惰〃閿�(Tab)

send_keys(Keys.ESCAPE) 鍥為��閿紙Esc锛�

send_keys(Keys.ENTER) 鍥炶溅閿紙Enter锛�

send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, ‘a’) 鍏ㄩ�夛紙Ctrl+A锛�

send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, ‘c’) 澶嶅埗锛圕trl+C锛�

send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, ‘x’) 鍓垏锛圕trl+X锛�

send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, ‘v’) 绮樿创锛圕trl+V锛�

send_keys(Keys.F1) 閿洏 F1
...
send_keys(Keys.F12) 閿洏 F12
"""
driver.quit()

3. 榧犳爣浜嬩欢

涓婇潰鐨勯敭鐩樹簨浠舵瘮杈冨ソ鐞嗚В锛岄紶鏍囦簨浠剁殑璇濈洿鎺ョ湅婧愪唬鐮佹垨璁稿氨鏈変簺绾犵粨浜嗭紝浣嗘槸婧愪唬鐮佺殑娉ㄩ噴璇存槑鍏跺疄瀵笰ctionChains璇存槑鐨勬瘮杈冩竻妤氥��

ActionChains鏄竴绉嶈嚜鍔ㄦ墽琛屼綆绾у埆浜や簰鐨勬柟娉曪紝渚嬪榧犳爣绉诲姩锛岄紶鏍囨寜閽搷浣滐紝鎸夐敭鍜屼笂涓嬫枃鑿滃崟浜や簰銆� 杩欏浜庢墽琛屾洿澶嶆潅鐨勬搷浣滈潪甯告湁鐢紝渚嬪鎮仠鍜屾嫋鏀俱��

鐢ㄦ埛鎿嶄綔銆�
       鍦ˋctionChains瀵硅薄涓婅皟鐢ㄦ搷浣滄柟娉曟椂锛屾搷浣滃皢瀛樺偍鍦ˋctionChains瀵硅薄鐨勯槦鍒椾腑銆�
       褰撹皟鐢╬erform()鏃讹紝浜嬩欢灏嗘寜瀹冧滑鎺掗槦鐨勯『搴忚Е鍙戙��

 ActionChains鍙互鐢ㄤ簬閾惧紡鎴栬�呭彲浠ュ皢鎿嶄綔閫愪釜鎺掗槦锛岀劧鍚庢墽琛屻��

鏃犺鍝鏂瑰紡锛屽姩浣滈兘鎸夌収瀹冧滑琚皟鐢ㄧ殑椤哄簭鎵ц锛屼竴涓湪鍙︿竴涓箣鍚庢墽琛屻��

杩欓噷杩樻槸浠ヤ唬鐮佸睍绀洪儴鍒嗗姛鑳藉惂锛�

# coding=utf-8馃敟

# 1.鍏堣缃紪鐮侊紝utf-8鍙敮鎸佷腑鑻辨枃锛屽涓婏紝涓�鑸斁鍦ㄧ涓�琛�

# 2.娉ㄩ噴锛氬寘鎷褰曞垱寤烘椂闂达紝鍒涘缓浜猴紝椤圭洰鍚嶇О銆�
'''
Created on 2019-12-06
@author: 鍖椾含-瀹忓摜   QQ浜ゆ祦缇わ細705269076
Project: 銆婃墜鎶婃墜鏁欎綘銆嬬郴鍒楃粌涔犵瘒涔�7-python+ selenium鑷姩鍖栨祴璇�
'''

# 3.瀵煎叆妯″潡

import time

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
time.sleep(3)

# 瀹氫綅鍏冪礌
ele_1 = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="u1"]/a[9]')
ele_2 = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="u1"]/a[8]')

# 灏嗛紶鏍囨偓鍋滃湪鍏冪礌1涓�3绉掑悗鍐嶆鎮仠鍒板厓绱�2涓�
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(ele_1).perform()
time.sleep(3)
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(ele_2).perform()
time.sleep(3)

driver.quit()

涓婅堪浠ｇ爜瀹炵幇浜嗗湪鍏冪礌涓婅繘琛屾偓鍋滐紝鍐嶇Щ鍔ㄨ嚦鍙︿竴鍏冪礌涓娿��

杩樻湁鍏朵粬鎿嶄綔濡備笅锛�

"""
click(on_element=None) ——鍗曞嚮榧犳爣宸﹂敭

click_and_hold(on_element=None) ——鐐瑰嚮榧犳爣宸﹂敭锛屼笉鏉惧紑

context_click(on_element=None) ——鐐瑰嚮榧犳爣鍙抽敭

double_click(on_element=None) ——鍙屽嚮榧犳爣宸﹂敭

drag_and_drop(source, target) ——鎷栨嫿鍒版煇涓厓绱犵劧鍚庢澗寮�

drag_and_drop_by_offset(source, xoffset, yoffset) ——鎷栨嫿鍒版煇涓潗鏍囩劧鍚庢澗寮�

key_down(value, element=None) ——鎸変笅鏌愪釜閿洏涓婄殑閿�

key_up(value, element=None) ——鏉惧紑鏌愪釜閿�

move_by_offset(xoffset, yoffset) ——榧犳爣浠庡綋鍓嶄綅缃Щ鍔ㄥ埌鏌愪釜鍧愭爣
 
move_to_element(to_element) ——榧犳爣绉诲姩鍒版煇涓厓绱�
 
move_to_element_with_offset(to_element, xoffset, yoffset) ——绉诲姩鍒拌窛鏌愪釜鍏冪礌锛堝乏涓婅鍧愭爣锛夊灏戣窛绂荤殑浣嶇疆
 
perform() ——鎵ц閾句腑鐨勬墍鏈夊姩浣�

release(on_element=None) ——鍦ㄦ煇涓厓绱犱綅缃澗寮�榧犳爣宸﹂敭

send_keys(*keys_to_send) ——鍙戦�佹煇涓敭鍒板綋鍓嶇劍鐐圭殑鍏冪礌

send_keys_to_element(element, *keys_to_send) ——鍙戦�佹煇涓敭鍒版寚瀹氬厓绱�
"""

閫氳繃杩欎簺閿洏鍜岄紶鏍囩殑鎿嶄綔锛屽氨鍙互鍋氭洿澶氫簡

4. 鎵цJavaScript

鍓嶉潰鏂囩珷浠嬬粛浜咥ctionChains涓嬬殑榧犳爣鎮仠鍜屽彸閿搷浣滐紝鍏跺疄ActionChains杩樻湁鍏朵粬鏂规硶锛屼綘鍙互 action = ActionChains,閫氳繃杩欙紝鍏堝垵濮嬪寲涓�涓狝ctionChains瀹炰緥瀵硅薄锛岀劧鍚庡湪action鍚庨潰杈撳叆涓�涓偣鍙凤紝鏌ョ湅鏀寔鍝簺action鏂规硶銆傛湰鏂囧紑濮嬩粙缁嶅浣曟墽琛孞S鑴氭湰锛屼細鐢ㄤ袱涓緥瀛愯鏄庛��

绀轰緥涓�锛屾墽琛宩s鑴氭湰瑙﹀彂涓�涓猘lert寮瑰嚭妗嗐��

鐩稿叧鑴氭湰浠ｇ爜濡備笅锛�

4.1 浠ｇ爜瀹炵幇锛�

4.2 鍙傝�冧唬鐮侊細

# coding=utf-8馃敟

# 1.鍏堣缃紪鐮侊紝utf-8鍙敮鎸佷腑鑻辨枃锛屽涓婏紝涓�鑸斁鍦ㄧ涓�琛�

# 2.娉ㄩ噴锛氬寘鎷褰曞垱寤烘椂闂达紝鍒涘缓浜猴紝椤圭洰鍚嶇О銆�
'''
Created on 2019-12-05
@author: 鍖椾含-瀹忓摜   QQ浜ゆ祦缇わ細705269076
Project: python+ selenium鑷姩鍖栨祴璇曠粌涔犵瘒5
'''

# 3.瀵煎叆妯″潡
import time
from selenium import webdriver


driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.maximize_window()
driver.implicitly_wait(6)
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
time.sleep(1)

driver.execute_script("window.alert('杩欐槸涓�涓猘lert寮规銆�');") # 娉ㄦ剰杩欓噷鐨勫垎鍙锋槸鑻辨枃杈撳叆娉曠殑鍒嗗彿锛屼笉鑳界敤涓枃

4.3 杩愯缁撴灉锛�

杩愯浠ｇ爜鍚庯紝鎺у埗鍙版墦鍗板涓嬪浘鐨勭粨鏋�

4.4 娴忚鍣ㄨ繍琛岀粨鏋�

涓轰簡鐪嬪緱娓呮锛屾垜浠繖閲岃繕鏄笉閫�鍑烘祻瑙堝櫒锛屾祻瑙堝櫒杩愯鍚庯紝濡備笅鍥撅細

4.5 绀轰緥浜�

鎵цjs鑴氭湰鏉ユ帶鍒舵祻瑙堝櫒绔栧悜婊氬姩鏉�

鎵撳紑鐧惧害璐村惂锛岀劧鍚庢嫋鍔ㄦ粴鍔ㄦ潯鍒板乏渚� “鍦板尯"

4.5.1 浠ｇ爜瀹炵幇锛�

4.5.2 鍙傝�冧唬鐮侊細

# coding=utf-8馃敟

# 1.鍏堣缃紪鐮侊紝utf-8鍙敮鎸佷腑鑻辨枃锛屽涓婏紝涓�鑸斁鍦ㄧ涓�琛�

# 2.娉ㄩ噴锛氬寘鎷褰曞垱寤烘椂闂达紝鍒涘缓浜猴紝椤圭洰鍚嶇О銆�
'''
Created on 2019-12-05
@author: 鍖椾含-瀹忓摜   QQ浜ゆ祦缇わ細705269076
Project: python+ selenium鑷姩鍖栨祴璇曠粌涔犵瘒5
'''

# 3.瀵煎叆妯″潡
import time
from selenium import webdriver


driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.maximize_window()
driver.implicitly_wait(6)
driver.get("https://tieba.baidu.com/index.html")
time.sleep(1)

target_elem = driver.find_element_by_link_text("鍦板尯")
driver.execute_script("return arguments[0].scrollIntoView();",target_elem) # 鐢ㄧ洰鏍囧厓绱犲弬鑰冨幓鎷栧姩
#driver.execute_script("scroll(0,2400)") # 杩欎釜鏄浜岀鏂规硶锛屾瘮杈冪矖鍔ｏ紝澶ф鐨勬嫋鍔�

4.5.3 杩愯缁撴灉锛�

杩愯浠ｇ爜鍚庯紝鎺у埗鍙版墦鍗板涓嬪浘鐨勭粨鏋�

4.5.4 娴忚鍣ㄨ繍琛岀粨鏋�

涓轰簡鐪嬪緱娓呮锛屾垜浠繖閲岃繕鏄笉閫�鍑烘祻瑙堝櫒锛屾祻瑙堝櫒杩愯鍚庯紝濡備笅鍥撅細

5. 澶氱獥鍙ｄ箣闂村垏鎹�

鏈枃鏉ヤ粙缁嶅浣曞鐞哾river鍦ㄥ绐楀彛涔嬮棿鍒囨崲锛屾兂涓�涓嬭繖鏍风殑鍦烘櫙锛屽湪椤甸潰A鐐瑰嚮涓�涓繛鎺ワ紝浼氳Е鍙戝湪鏂癟ab鎴栬�呮柊绐楀彛鎵撳紑椤甸潰B锛岀敱浜庝箣鍓嶇殑driver瀹炰緥瀵硅薄鍦ㄩ〉闈锛屼絾鏄綘鎺ヤ笅鏉ョ殑鑴氭湰鏄搷浣滈〉闈鐨勫厓绱狅紝杩欐牱灏遍�犳垚浜嗘壘涓嶅埌鍏冪礌鐨勬姤閿欍�傛湰鏉ヤ粙缁峴elenium涓璼witch_to.window()鏂规硶鏉ュ鐞嗚繖涓棶棰樸��

娴嬭瘯鍦烘櫙锛氭墦寮�鐧惧害鏂伴椈锛堥〉闈锛夛紝鐐瑰嚮鐑偣鏂伴椈涓涓�涓柊闂婚摼鎺ワ紙涓�鑸槸鍥藉棰嗗浜虹殑鏂伴椈锛夛紝浼氬湪绗簩涓獥鍙ｆ墦寮�杩欎釜鏂伴椈鐨勫叿浣撹鎯呴〉锛堥〉闈锛夛紝娴嬭瘯闇�瑕佸幓鍒ゆ柇浣犵偣鍑昏繖涓繖涓柊闂伙紝鍦ㄦ墦寮�鐨勮鎯呴〉鏄惁姝ｇ‘銆�

闂鎷嗗垎锛�

1. 鎴戜滑宸茬粡鐭ラ亾switch_to.window()鏂规硶鍙互澶勭悊绐楀彛鍒囨崲鐨勯棶棰�

2. 鍦ㄩ〉闈璺宠浆鍒伴〉闈涔嬪墠锛屾垜浠渶瑕佺敤涓�涓彉閲忎繚瀛樿繖涓柊闂荤殑鏍囬

3. 鍒囨崲鍒伴〉闈鍚庯紝鎴戜滑鑾峰彇杩欎釜鏂伴椈鏍囬锛岀劧鍚庡拰鍓嶉潰杩欎釜鍙橀噺淇濆瓨鐨勫�煎幓瀵规瘮锛屽鏋滅浉绛夛紝閭ｄ箞灏辨祴璇曢�氳繃銆�

鎴戜滑鍒嗕袱涓楠ゅ幓瑙ｇ瓟杩欎釜娴嬭瘯闇�姹傦細

1. 鍏堝疄鐜伴〉闈鍒囨崲鍒伴〉闈

2. 椤甸潰A鍜岄〉闈涓や釜鏂伴椈鏍囬杩涜瀵规瘮

鍏堢湅鐪嬬獥鍙ｅ垏鎹㈢殑鑴氭湰浠ｇ爜锛�

5.1 浠ｇ爜瀹炵幇锛�

5.2 鍙傝�冧唬鐮侊細

# coding=utf-8馃敟

# 1.鍏堣缃紪鐮侊紝utf-8鍙敮鎸佷腑鑻辨枃锛屽涓婏紝涓�鑸斁鍦ㄧ涓�琛�

# 2.娉ㄩ噴锛氬寘鎷褰曞垱寤烘椂闂达紝鍒涘缓浜猴紝椤圭洰鍚嶇О銆�
'''
Created on 2019-12-06
@author: 鍖椾含-瀹忓摜   QQ浜ゆ祦缇わ細705269076
Project: python+ selenium鑷姩鍖栨祴璇曠粌涔犵瘒5
'''

# 3.瀵煎叆妯″潡
import time
from selenium import webdriver


driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.maximize_window()
driver.get('http://news.baidu.com')
time.sleep(1)

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='pane-news']/div/ul/li[1]/strong/a").click()
print (driver.current_window_handle) # 杈撳嚭褰撳墠绐楀彛鍙ユ焺
handles = driver.window_handles # 鑾峰彇褰撳墠鍏ㄩ儴绐楀彛鍙ユ焺闆嗗悎
print (handles) # 杈撳嚭鍙ユ焺闆嗗悎

for handle in handles:# 鍒囨崲绐楀彛
    if handle != driver.current_window_handle:
        print ('switch to second window',handle)
        driver.close() # 鍏抽棴绗竴涓獥鍙�
        driver.switch_to.window(handle) #鍒囨崲鍒扮浜屼釜绐楀彛

5.3 杩愯缁撴灉锛�

杩愯浠ｇ爜鍚庯紝鎺у埗鍙版墦鍗板涓嬪浘鐨勭粨鏋�

5.4 娴忚鍣ㄨ繍琛岀粨鏋�

涓轰簡鐪嬪緱娓呮锛屾垜浠繖閲岃繕鏄笉閫�鍑烘祻瑙堝櫒锛屾祻瑙堝櫒杩愯鍚庯紝濡備笅鍥撅細

浠ｇ爜瑙ｉ噴锛�
1. 鍏堟墦鍗板綋鍓嶇獥鍙ｏ紙椤甸潰A锛夊彞鏌勶紝涓�涓暱瀛楃涓�

2. 鑾峰彇鍏ㄩ儴绐楀彛鍙ユ焺锛岃繖閲屾垜浠湁涓や釜锛屾墦鍗板嚭杩欎袱涓彞鏌勩��

3. for 寰幆閬嶅巻锛屽綋鍙戠幇鍏朵腑涓�涓彞鏌勫拰褰撳墠鍙ユ焺涓嶇浉绛夛紝杩欓噷鍋氫簡涓変欢浜嬶紝绗竴浠讹紝鎵撳嵃涓�涓鍙ワ紝鍛婅瘔浣犻┈涓婅鍒囨崲鍒扮浜屼釜绐楀彛锛岀浜屼欢锛屽叧闂綋鍓嶇獥鍙ｏ紝杩欓噷鎸囬〉闈锛岀涓夛紝鍒囨崲鍒伴〉闈绐楀彛銆�

杩欓噷鍦ㄥ垏鎹㈠埌绗簩涓〉闈㈡椂鍊欙紝鎴戝叧闂箣鍓嶇殑椤甸潰A,鍙槸鎴戜釜浜烘祴璇曚範鎯紝浣犲彲浠ヤ笉鍏抽棴锛屼絾鏄綘鐨勮鎬濊矾娓呮櫚锛屽摢浜涘厓绱犲湪椤甸潰A杩樻槸鍦ㄩ〉闈锛屽鏋滄搷浣滀簡椤甸潰B鍚庤繕瑕佹搷浣滈〉闈鐨勫厓绱狅紝浣犺繕瑕佸垏鎹㈠埌椤甸潰A锛屼负浜嗛夯鐑︼紝寤鸿浣犳瘡娆″垏鎹㈤兘鎶婂墠闈㈤〉闈㈢粰鍏抽棴銆�

5.4 鏂█鍒囨崲鐨勬槸涓嶆槸浣犲垰鍒氱偣鍑荤殑鏂伴椈

鍒ゆ柇鍦ㄦ墦寮�鏂伴〉闈㈡樉绀虹殑鏂伴椈鏍囬鏄笉鏄綘鍒氬垰鐐瑰嚮鐨勬柊闂伙紝鑴氭湰浠ｇ爜濡備笅锛�

5.4.1 浠ｇ爜瀹炵幇锛�

5.4.2鍙傝�冧唬鐮侊細

# coding=utf-8馃敟

# 1.鍏堣缃紪鐮侊紝utf-8鍙敮鎸佷腑鑻辨枃锛屽涓婏紝涓�鑸斁鍦ㄧ涓�琛�

# 2.娉ㄩ噴锛氬寘鎷褰曞垱寤烘椂闂达紝鍒涘缓浜猴紝椤圭洰鍚嶇О銆�
'''
Created on 2019-12-06
@author: 鍖椾含-瀹忓摜   QQ浜ゆ祦缇わ細705269076
Project: python+ selenium鑷姩鍖栨祴璇曠粌涔犵瘒5
'''

# 3.瀵煎叆妯″潡
import time
from selenium import webdriver


driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.maximize_window()
driver.get('http://news.baidu.com')
time.sleep(1)

news_link = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='pane-news']/div/ul/li[1]/strong/a")
page1_title_string = news_link.text #寰楀埌椤甸潰A鏂伴椈鏍囬
print('page1_title_string'+ page1_title_string)
news_link.click() # 鐐瑰嚮鏂伴椈閾炬帴
time.sleep(1)
handles = driver.window_handles

for handle in handles:# 鍒囨崲绐楀彛锛堝垏鎹㈠埌鎼滅嫍锛�
    if handle != driver.current_window_handle:
        print ('switch to second window',handle)
driver.close() # 鍏抽棴绗竴涓獥鍙�
driver.switch_to.window(handle) #鍒囨崲鍒扮浜屼釜绐楀彛
page2_title_string = driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[@id='title_area']/h1").text # 璇︽儏椤垫湁涓�涓師鏍囬
print('page2_title_string'+ page2_title_string)
try :
    assert page1_title_string in page2_title_string # 鍒ゆ柇椤甸潰B鏍囬鏄惁鍖呭惈椤甸潰A鏍囬
    print ('Test Pass.')
except Exception as e:
    print ('Test Fail')

5.4.3 杩愯缁撴灉锛�

杩愯浠ｇ爜鍚庯紝鎺у埗鍙版墦鍗板涓嬪浘鐨勭粨鏋�

娉ㄦ剰锛氬緢鏈夊彲鑳介亣鍒帮紝椤甸潰A鐨勬爣棰樻槸绠�鐭紝椤甸潰B鐨勬爣棰樻槸闀挎爣棰橈紝杩欎釜鏃跺�欏氨闇�瑕侀噰鍙栵紝瀛楃涓插寘鍚殑鍏崇郴鍘绘柇瑷�锛屾垜杩欓噷鍒氬ソ鎵撳紑鐨勮鎯呴〉鏈変竴涓彨 “鍘熸爣棰橈細xxxx”锛岀敱浜庤繖涓柊闂诲叿鏈夋椂鏁堟�э紝绛変綘鐪嬭繖绡囨枃绔狅紝鍙兘鑴氭湰杩愯涓嶆垚鍔燂紝闇�瑕佽皟鏁翠笅鑴氭湰锛屽鏋滀笉

濂芥柇瑷�锛屽氨鏀惧純鏂█閮ㄥ垎锛屾湰鏂囧彧瀛︾獥鍙ｅ垏鎹紝鑷充簬娴嬭瘯鏂█鎶�鑳斤紝闇�瑕佷綘涓嶆柇鍘诲啓鑴氭湰锛屽幓鎺屾彙鍜屾彁楂樼殑閮ㄥ垎銆�

6. 灏忕粨

濂戒簡锛屼粖澶╃殑缁冧範灏卞埌杩欓噷锛屽笇鏈涘ぇ瀹跺ソ濂界殑缁冧範鍜岀悊瑙ｃ�� 

 

鎮ㄧ殑鑲畾灏辨槸鎴戣繘姝ョ殑鍔ㄥ姏銆�濡傛灉浣犳劅瑙夎繕涓嶉敊锛屽氨璇烽紦鍔变竴涓嬪惂锛佽寰楃偣娉� 鎺ㄨ崘 涓嶈蹇樿鍝︼紒锛侊紒