自定义ViewGroup-第二十一步：Measure与Layout

前言

根据启舰大大的博客所学习的自定义View。

一、测量

1. MeasureSpec

MeasureSpec.getMode(int spec) //获取MODE  
MeasureSpec.getSize(int spec) //获取数值

MODE:
MeasureSpec.AT_MOST(至多):子元素至多达到指定大小的值->wrap_content。
MeasureSpec.EXACTLY(完全):父元素决定自元素的确切大小，子元素将被限定在给定的边界里而忽略它本身大小->match_parent。
MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED(未指定):父元素不对子元素施加任何束缚，子元素可以得到任意想要的大小->具体值。

2. onMeasure()

protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec)

一般用法举例：

protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {  
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);  
    int measureWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);  
    int measureHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);  
    int measureWidthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);  
    int measureHeightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);  
      
    //经过计算，控件所占的宽和高分别对应width和height  
    …………  
      
    setMeasuredDimension((measureWidthMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) ? measureWidth: width, (measureHeightMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) ? measureHeight: height);  
}

3. measureChild与measureChildren
measureChild用来测量子View的宽高

//
protected void measureChild(View child, int parentWidthMeasureSpec,  
            int parentHeightMeasureSpec);

measureChildren是用来测量所有子View的宽高

protected void measureChildren(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {  
        final int size = mChildrenCount;  
        final View[] children = mChildren;  
        for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {  
            final View child = children[i];  
            if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) != GONE) {  
                measureChild(child, widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);  
            }  
        }  
    }

二、onLayout():实现所有子控件布局的函数

 protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom)

自定义实现简易的纵向LinearLayout：

public class MyLinear extends ViewGroup {
    public MyLinear(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public MyLinear(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        int measureWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        int measureHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureWidth);
        int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureHeight);
        int height=0;
        int width=0;
        int childCount = getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            View child = getChildAt(i);
            measureChild(child,widthMeasureSpec,heightMeasureSpec);
            int childHeight=child.getMeasuredHeight();
            int childWidth=child.getMeasuredWidth();
            height+=childHeight;
            width=Math.max(width,childWidth);
        }
        setMeasuredDimension((widthMode==MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)?measureWidth:width,(heightMode==MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)?measureHeight:height);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        int childCount = getChildCount();
        int top = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            View child = getChildAt(i);
            child.layout(l, top, l + child.getMeasuredWidth(), top + child.getMeasuredHeight());
            top += child.getMeasuredHeight();
        }
    }
}

效果图

getMeasuredWidth()与getWidth()区别

getMeasureWidth()方法在measure()过程结束后就可以获取到了，
而getWidth()方法要在layout()过程结束后才能获取到。

getMeasureWidth()方法中的值是通过setMeasuredDimension()方法来进行设置的，而getWidth()方法中的值则是通过layout(left,top,right,bottom)方法设置的。

三、获取子控件Margin

上边的例子中，发现设置margin无效，那么该怎么设置margin呢？
只需要重写下边这三个方法就可以获取到Margin啦

   @Override
    protected LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(LayoutParams p) {
        return new MarginLayoutParams(p);
    }

    @Override
    public LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs) {
        return new  MarginLayoutParams(getContext(),attrs);
    }

    @Override
    protected LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams() {
        return new MarginLayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
    }

然后，onLayout和onMeasure也需要将margin计算进去滴

  @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        int measureWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        int measureHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureWidth);
        int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureHeight);
        int height=0;
        int width=0;
        int childCount = getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            View child = getChildAt(i);
            measureChild(child,widthMeasureSpec,heightMeasureSpec);
            MarginLayoutParams layoutParams = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();

            int childHeight=child.getMeasuredHeight()+layoutParams.bottomMargin+layoutParams.topMargin;
            int childWidth=child.getMeasuredWidth()+layoutParams.leftMargin+layoutParams.rightMargin;
            height+=childHeight;
            width=Math.max(width,childWidth);
        }
        setMeasuredDimension((widthMode==MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)?measureWidth:width,(heightMode==MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)?measureHeight:height);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        int childCount = getChildCount();
        int top = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            View child = getChildAt(i);
            MarginLayoutParams layoutParams = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            child.layout(l+layoutParams.leftMargin, top+layoutParams.topMargin, l + child.getMeasuredWidth()+layoutParams.leftMargin, top + child.getMeasuredHeight()+layoutParams.topMargin);
            top += child.getMeasuredHeight()+layoutParams.topMargin+layoutParams.bottomMargin;
        }
    }

flow

四、接下来完成这个效果

自适应

代码如下：

public class FlowLayout extends ViewGroup {
    public FlowLayout(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public FlowLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        int measureWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        int measureHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureHeight);
        int height = 0;//viewGroup高度
        int lineWidth = 0;//累加当前行的行宽
        int lineHeight = 0;//当前行的行高
        int childCount = getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            View child = getChildAt(i);
            measureChild(child, widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
            MarginLayoutParams layoutParams = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            int childWidthWithMargin = child.getMeasuredWidth() + layoutParams.leftMargin + layoutParams.rightMargin;
            int childHeightWithMargin = child.getMeasuredHeight() + layoutParams.topMargin + layoutParams.bottomMargin;
            if (lineWidth + childWidthWithMargin > measureWidth) {
                //换行
                lineWidth = childWidthWithMargin;
                height += lineHeight;
                lineHeight = childHeightWithMargin;
            }
            else {
                //不换行
                lineHeight = Math.max(childHeightWithMargin, lineHeight);
                lineWidth += childWidthWithMargin;
            }
            //最后一行还没有计算呢
            if (i == childCount - 1) {
                height += lineHeight;
            }
        }
        setMeasuredDimension(measureWidth, (heightMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) ? measureHeight : height);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        int childCount = getChildCount();
        int top = 0;
        int lineWidth = 0, lineHeight = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            View child = getChildAt(i);
            MarginLayoutParams layoutParams = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            int childWidthWithMargin = child.getMeasuredWidth() + layoutParams.leftMargin + layoutParams.rightMargin;
            int childHeightWithMargin = child.getMeasuredHeight() + layoutParams.topMargin + layoutParams.bottomMargin;
            if (lineWidth + childWidthWithMargin > getMeasuredWidth()) {
                //换行
                top += lineHeight;
                child.layout(layoutParams.leftMargin, top + layoutParams.topMargin, layoutParams.leftMargin + child.getMeasuredWidth(), top + layoutParams.topMargin + child.getMeasuredHeight());
                lineWidth = childWidthWithMargin;
                lineHeight = childHeightWithMargin;
            }
            else {
                //不换行
                child.layout(lineWidth + layoutParams.leftMargin, top + layoutParams.topMargin, lineWidth + layoutParams.leftMargin + child.getMeasuredWidth(), top + layoutParams.topMargin + child.getMeasuredHeight());
                lineHeight = Math.max(childHeightWithMargin, lineHeight);
                lineWidth += childWidthWithMargin;
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(LayoutParams p) {
        return new MarginLayoutParams(p);
    }

    @Override
    public LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs) {
        return new MarginLayoutParams(getContext(), attrs);
    }

    @Override
    protected LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams() {
        return new MarginLayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
    }
}

  final FlowLayout flowLayout = (FlowLayout) findViewById(R.id.flowLayout);
        flowLayout.removeAllViews();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            final TextView child = new TextView(this);
            if (i % 7 == 0 || i % 7 == 1)
                child.setText("两只老虎" + i);
            else if (i % 7 == 2 || i % 7 == 3)
                child.setText("跑得快" + i);
            else if (i % 7 == 4 )
                child.setText("一只没有尾巴，一只没有眼睛" + i);
            else
                child.setText("真奇怪" + i);
            child.setTextSize(20);
            child.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.roundrect);
            LinearLayout.LayoutParams params = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
                    LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
            params.setMargins(3, 4, 5, 7);
            child.setLayoutParams(params);
            child.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    flowLayout.removeView(child);
                }
            });
            flowLayout.addView(child);
        }
    }

参考网址

自定义View中的onMeasure,measureChild与measureChildren