本系列是学习SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ的练手,包含服务安装,RabbitMQ整合SpringBoot2.x,消息可靠性投递实现等三篇博客。
学习路径:https://www.imooc.com/learn/1042 RabbitMQ消息中间件极速入门与实战
项目源码:https://github.com/ZbLeaning/Boot-RabbitMQ
整合实际上主要两步:
1、引入相关依赖
2、对application.yml进行配置
注意:后续需要使用数据库,因此需要安装mysql。https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37719778/article/details/81298292 mysql安装教程
Spring.RabbitMQ配置的含义可参考:https://blog.csdn.net/en_joker/article/details/80103519
数据库建表语句:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `broker_message_log`; CREATE TABLE `broker_message_log` ( `message_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '消息唯一ID', `message` varchar(4000) NOT NULL COMMENT '消息内容', `try_count` int(4) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '重试次数', `status` varchar(10) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '消息投递状态 0投递中,1投递成功,2投递失败', `next_retry` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00' ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '下一次重试时间', `create_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00' ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, `update_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00' ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, PRIMARY KEY (`message_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for t_order -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_order`; CREATE TABLE `t_order` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `message_id` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2018091102 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
完成前期准备后开始进行整合。
Producer:服务端
1、新建一个SpringBoot项目,项目结构如下
2、添加Pom.xml文件依赖
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-amqp mysql mysql-connector-java org.mybatis.spring.boot mybatis-boot-starter tk.mybatis mapper-spring-boot-starter 1.1.0 com.alibaba druid 1.0.29 com.github.miemiedev mybatis-paginator 1.2.17 org.mybatis mybatis org.apache-commons commons-lang3 commons-io commons-io 2.4 com.alibaba fastjson 1.2.49 javax.servlet javax.servlet-api provided log4j log4j 1.2.17
3、配置application.yml文件
spring: rabbitmq: addresses: 134.175.33.221:5672 username: guest password: guest virtual-host: / ##开启Publisher Confirm机制 publisher-confirms: true ##开启Publisher Return机制 publisher-returns: true template: mandatory: true datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/rabbitmq?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull username: root password: binzhang driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource server: port: 8001 servlet: context-path: / mybatis: mapper-locations: classpath:mapping/*.xml logging: level: tk: mybatis: trace
4、编写消息发送类,直接使用SpringBoot配置的RabbitTemplate模板
import com.imooc.mq.entity.Order; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * @Title: OrderSender * @Description: 订单发送 * @date 2019/1/2210:20 */ @Component public class OrderSender { //使用rabbitmq模板 @Autowired private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; //发送消息 public void sendOrder(Order order) throws Exception{ CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(); correlationData.setId(order.getMessageId()); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("order-exchange",//exchange "order.abcd",//routingKey order,//消息体内容 correlationData); //消息唯一id } }
5、通过控制面板手动建立交换机exchange、消息队列queue
6、点击进入创建好的order-exchange,设置绑定路由键
7、写测试demo,运行消息发现,看控制台是否收到消息
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class MqApplicationTests { @Autowired private OrderSender orderSender; @Test public void contextLoads() { Order order = new Order(); order.setId("aaa"); order.setName("测试消息a"); order.setMessageId(System.currentTimeMillis() + "$" + UUID.randomUUID().toString()); try { orderSender.sendOrder(order); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
接收消息成功:
注意:启动时如果报异常
Failed to configure a DataSource: 'url' attribute is not specified and no embedded datasource could be configured.
则需要配置
@MapperScan("com.imooc.mq.mapper") @SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)
Consumer:消费端
1、项目结构
2、配置Pom.xml文件,引入依赖,可直接复制服务端pom.xml注入的依赖
3、配置Application.xml文件
## springboot整合rabbitmq的基本配置 spring: rabbitmq: addresses: 134.175.33.221:5672 username: guest password: guest ##连接到RabbitMQ的虚拟主机 virtual-host: / ## 消费端配置 listener: simple: ##消费者的最小数量 concurrency: 5 ## manual:手动 ack(确认) acknowledge-mode: manual ##消费者的最大数量 max-concurrency: 10 ##在单个请求中处理的消息个数,应该大于等于事务数量 prefetch: 1 datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/rabbitmq?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull username: root password: binzhang driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver server: port: 8002 servlet: context-path: /
4、需要将服务端的Order类也复制到消费端
5、编写消息接收类
import com.imooc.mq.entity.Order; import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.*; import org.springframework.amqp.support.AmqpHeaders; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Headers; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Payload; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.Map; /** * @Title: OrderReceiver * @Description: 消费 * @date 2019/1/2211:03 */ @Component public class OrderReceiver { /** * @RabbitListener 消息监听,可配置交换机、队列、路由key * 该注解会创建队列和交互机 并建立绑定关系 * @RabbitHandler 标识此方法如果有消息过来,消费者要调用这个方法 * @Payload 消息体 * @Headers 消息头 * @param order */ @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( value = @Queue(value = "order-queue",declare = "true"), exchange = @Exchange(name = "order-exchange",declare = "true",type = "topic"), key = "order.abcd" )) @RabbitHandler public void onOrderMessage(@Payload Order order, @Headers Mapheaders, Channel channel) throws Exception{ //消费者操作 System.out.println("------收到消息,开始消费------"); System.out.println("订单ID:"+order.getId()); Long deliveryTag = (Long)headers.get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG); //现在是手动确认消息 ACK channel.basicAck(deliveryTag,false); } }
6、运行成功后
基本的服务和消费端整合及演示demo已完成,一般开发过程中我们大都采用手动确认消息机制,如果注释掉该行则会出现消息被消费但是一直处于未被确认的状态。当重启服务端再次发现消息时,消息也会被消费。