最近的一个模块正好用到字体的相关内容,整理出来。
(一) 字体的几个参数 ,以Android API文档定义为准,见下图
要点如下:
1. 基准点是baseline
2. Ascent是baseline之上至字符最高处的距离
3. Descent是baseline之下至字符最低处的距离
4. Leading文档说的很含糊,其实是上一行字符的descent到下一行的ascent之间的距离
5. Top指的是指的是最高字符到baseline的值,即ascent的最大值
6. 同上,bottom指的是最下字符到baseline的值,即descent的最大值
Note:网上有很多错误的图,如果有疑问,就参看文档,区分对错。
为了帮助理解,我特此搜索了不同的示意图。对照示意图,会很容易理解FontMetrics的参数。
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(二) 测试
1,测试的代码直接使用网上的代码,因为重复着众多,无所给出原始出处,故不注出。
我增加了Bitmap作为输出显示,完整代码如下:
- public class FontMetricsDemoActivity extends Activity {
- private Canvas canvas;
- /** Called when the activity is first created. */
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- Paint textPaint = new Paint( Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
- textPaint.setTextSize( 55);
- textPaint.setColor( Color.WHITE);
- // FontMetrics对象
- FontMetrics fontMetrics = textPaint.getFontMetrics();
- String text = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstu";
- // 计算每一个坐标
- float baseX = 0;
- float baseY = 100;
- float topY = baseY + fontMetrics.top;
- float ascentY = baseY + fontMetrics.ascent;
- float descentY = baseY + fontMetrics.descent;
- float bottomY = baseY + fontMetrics.bottom;
- float leading = baseY + fontMetrics.leading;
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "baseX is:" + 0);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "baseY is:" + 100);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "topY is:" + topY);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "ascentY is:" + ascentY);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "descentY is:" + descentY);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "bottomY is:" + bottomY);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "leading is:" + leading);
- Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.fontmetrics);
- Bitmap mutableBitmap = bitmap.copy(Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888, true);
- canvas = new Canvas(mutableBitmap);
- // 绘制文本
- canvas.drawText(text, baseX, baseY, textPaint);
- // BaseLine描画
- Paint baseLinePaint = new Paint( Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
- baseLinePaint.setColor( Color.RED);
- canvas.drawLine(0, baseY, canvas.getWidth(), baseY, baseLinePaint);
- // Base描画
- canvas.drawCircle( baseX, baseY, 5, baseLinePaint);
- // TopLine描画
- Paint topLinePaint = new Paint( Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
- topLinePaint.setColor( Color.LTGRAY);
- canvas.drawLine(0, topY, canvas.getWidth(), topY, topLinePaint);
- // AscentLine描画
- Paint ascentLinePaint = new Paint( Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
- ascentLinePaint.setColor( Color.GREEN);
- canvas.drawLine(0, ascentY, canvas.getWidth(), ascentY, ascentLinePaint);
- // DescentLine描画
- Paint descentLinePaint = new Paint( Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
- descentLinePaint.setColor( Color.YELLOW);
- canvas.drawLine(0, descentY, canvas.getWidth(), descentY, descentLinePaint);
- // ButtomLine描画
- Paint bottomLinePaint = new Paint( Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
- bottomLinePaint.setColor( Color.MAGENTA);
- canvas.drawLine(0, bottomY, canvas.getWidth(), bottomY, bottomLinePaint);
- ImageView p_w_picpathView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.p_w_picpathView1);
- p_w_picpathView.setImageBitmap(mutableBitmap);
- }
- }
log显示如下:
Note1:注意到各个数值都是整数,这是建立在baseY=100的情况下,去掉baseY,重新运行代码,log如下:
Note2: 参照线为baseline,即baseline=0的情况下,其他各线的数值。leading = 0,即行间距=0
2,以上是根据paint设置,获取相关的FontMetrics属性,并且只绘制了一行字符串,我们猜想,如果是多行,是否可以获得行间距leanding,代码如下:
- //test_multiply_lines
- TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
- String textMultiLines = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuabcdefghijklmnopqrstuabcdefghijklmnopqrstuabcdefghijklmnopqrstuabcdefghijklmnopqrstu";
- textView.setTextSize(55);
- textView.setText(textMultiLines);
- FontMetrics fontMetrics2 = textView.getPaint().getFontMetrics();
- // 计算每一个坐标
- float topY = fontMetrics2.top;
- float ascentY = fontMetrics2.ascent;
- float descentY = fontMetrics2.descent;
- float bottomY = fontMetrics2.bottom;
- float leading = fontMetrics2.leading;
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "topY is:" + topY);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "ascentY is:" + ascentY);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "descentY is:" + descentY);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "bottomY is:" + bottomY);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "leading is:" + leading);
log如下:
Note:显然,即使是多行的情况下,仍不能获得leading。
3,如果text是单行,获得各个属性将会怎样,代码如下:
- String text = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstu";
- TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
- textView.setTextSize(55);
- textView.setText(text);
- FontMetrics fontMetrics = textView.getPaint().getFontMetrics();
- // 计算每一个坐标
- float baseX = 0;
- float baseY = 100;
- float topY = baseY + fontMetrics.top;
- float ascentY = baseY + fontMetrics.ascent;
- float descentY = baseY + fontMetrics.descent;
- float bottomY = baseY + fontMetrics.bottom;
- float leading = fontMetrics.leading;
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "topY is:" + fontMetrics.top);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "ascentY is:" + fontMetrics.ascent);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "descentY is:" + fontMetrics.descent);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "bottomY is:" + fontMetrics.bottom);
- Log.d("fontMetrics", "leading is:" + fontMetrics.leading);
log如下图所示:
Note:与多行获得的属性都相同。
结论:
A:虽然paint和textView所设置的textSize均为55,且为相同的字符串,但是两个获得的FontMetrics属性值并不相同。但是,我们发现,做除法之后,均为1.5倍关系。做出猜测,即Paint下,为mdpi对应的size,而TextView的size已经关联到了显示屏幕本身的320dip。所以获得属性值均为整1.5倍数
B:各种情况下,均未获得leading值。