CentOS 6.9系统如何通过多网卡绑定一个IP地址提高网络连接可用性和冗错性？

正如题说，首先我们要选择一门能够实现多网卡绑定一个IP地址的技术。显而易见就是企业级应用Bonding技术的Mode 1模式。那到底怎么做呢呢？还请往下看~

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第一：首先关闭NetworkManager服务

[root@localhost ~]# service NetworkManager stop

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第二：在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/目录下配置三个配置文件

1.创建一个bond的新配置文件
2.修改要绑定的两个网卡的配置文件

新建bond文件并进行配置 :

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-bond0    <==: 直接用vim编辑器创建，名字可以自定义，写配置文件的时候注意相同就行
DEVICE=bond0
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.32.99
PREFIX=24
BONDING_OPTS="mode=1 miimon=100"      <==: 注意，这一行最关键！"mode=1"是bo工作模式；"miimon=100"是监控间隔为100毫秒；
[root@localhost network-scripts]# 

如图 :

修改要绑定同一个IP地址的两个网卡配置文件 :

eth0 :

[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE="eth0"
MASTER=bond0              <==: 属于bond0            
SLAVE=yes                 <==: 确认从属关系 
IPADDR=192.168.32.66
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.32.1
BOOTPROTO="none"
HWADDR="00:0C:29:5A:C5:00"
IPV6INIT="yes"
ONBOOT="yes"
TYPE="Ethernet"
UUID="6da43880-cb88-4b6e-992f-d4c228b03cc9"

如图 :

eth1 :

[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
IPADDR=192.168.32.88
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.32.1
MACADDR=00:0C:29:5A:C5:66  
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT="yes"
TYPE=Ethernet
DNS1=114.114.114.114
DNS2=8.8.8.8
DNS3=8.8.4.4

如图 :

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第三：重启网络服务service network restart

[root@localhost network-scripts]# service network restart
Shutting down interface bond0:                             [  OK  ]
Shutting down loopback interface:                          [  OK  ]
Bringing up loopback interface:                            [  OK  ]
Bringing up interface bond0:  Determining if ip address 192.168.32.99 is already in use f
or device bond0...                                                           [  OK  ]

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第四：查看配置结果

这里不做详细的测试，看下IP地址和bond0工作状态

查看IP地址：

这里注意查看网卡eth0和网卡eth1的mac地址，它们是相同的哦

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
bond0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:5A:C5:00                       <==: MAC地址相同
          inet addr:192.168.32.99  Bcast:192.168.32.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe5a:c500/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:685 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:440 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:62692 (61.2 KiB)  TX bytes:44137 (43.1 KiB)

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:5A:C5:00                       <==: MAC地址相同 
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:612 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:416 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:54584 (53.3 KiB)  TX bytes:42563 (41.5 KiB)

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:5A:C5:00                       <==: MAC地址相同 
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:74 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:24 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:8168 (7.9 KiB)  TX bytes:1574 (1.5 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:1040 (1.0 KiB)  TX bytes:1040 (1.0 KiB)

[root@localhost ~]#

查看bond0状态:

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0 
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011)

Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (active-backup)       <==: 工作模式
Primary Slave: None
Currently Active Slave: eth0                        <==: 当前工作的网卡
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 0
Down Delay (ms): 0

Slave Interface: eth0
MII Status: up                                      <==: eth0状态
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:5a:c5:00
Slave queue ID: 0

Slave Interface: eth1
MII Status: up                                     <==: eth1状态
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:5a:c5:66
Slave queue ID: 0
[root@localhost ~]# 

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结语

bonding就是 将多块网卡绑定同一IP 地址对外提供服务，可以实现高可用或者负载均衡。当然，直接给两块网卡设置同一IP 地址是不可能的。先通过配置bonding ，虚拟一块网卡对外提供连接，然后修改物理网卡的配置文件，设置成和虚拟网卡从属关系，这样的话物理网卡的MAC地址和虚拟网卡的MAC 地址呈现为相同的地址。

当然有很多种工作模式，不同的功能可以选择~这里就不细说了