java善假于物(五):ModelMapper实体间快速赋值

前言

ModelMapper是一个从对象到对象(object-to-object)的框架,能将Java Bean(Pojo)对象从一种表现形式转化为另一种表现形式。它采用“通过约定来配置”的方式,自动匹配不同的对象映射,同时具备满足某些特殊需求的高级功能。

参考地址:https://github.com/bigbeef/cppba-modelmapper
开源地址:https://github.com/bigbeef
个人博客:http://blog.cppba.com

在实际开发中,我们遇到过这样的问题:
我们数据库有这样两张表User和City,映射的实体如下:

public class User {
    private Long id;
    private String userName;
    private String password;
    private Integer gender;//0-未知,1-男,2-女
    private Long cityId;
    //省去getter setter  tostring constructor
}

public class City {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private Long parentId;
    //省去getter setter  tostring constructor
}

我们的restful API有这样一个接口(/user/getInfo),大家想一想我们的接口返回是什么?

public class UserVo {
    private Long id;
    private String UserName;
    private String cityName;
    private String gender;
}

假如我们返回这样一个实体,我们应该怎么去生成这个实体呢?
一般人是这么做的:

public class Main {

    public static String[] genders={"男","女","未知"};
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //模拟数据库查询出来的数据
        User user = new User(1L,"jack","123456",1,2L);
        City city = new City(2L,"重庆",0L);

        UserVo userVo = new UserVo();
        userVo.setUserName(user.getUserName());
        userVo.setId(user.getId());
        userVo.setCityName(city.getName());
        userVo.setGender(genders[user.getGender()]);
    }
}

这种办法虽然能实现,但是如果UserVO有100个属性怎么办,一个一个set不是会设置到天荒地老?

接下来给大家介绍一个第三方jar包modelmapper,看看他的神器。

引入maven


            org.modelmapper
            modelmapper
            0.7.7
        

改造UserVo

public class UserVo {
    private Long id;
    private String UserName;
    private String cityName;
    private String gender;


    public static String[] genders={"男","女","未知"};

    /**
     * User转UserVo自定义映射规则
     */
    public static PropertyMap UserToUserVoMap = new PropertyMap() {
        protected void configure() {
            using(toGender).map(source.getGender(),destination.getGender());
        }
    };

    /**
     * 自定义转换规则,将int的genderId翻译为String类型的gender,如1-->"女"
     */
    public static Converter toGender = new AbstractConverter() {
        protected String convert(Integer genderId) {
            return genders[genderId];
        }
    };

    /**
     * City转UserVo自定义映射规则
     */
    public static PropertyMap CityToUserVoMap = new PropertyMap() {
        protected void configure() {
           map(source.getName(),destination.getCityName());
        }
    };
}

编写测试

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //模拟数据库查询出来的数据
        User user = new User(1L,"jack","123456",1,2L);
        City city = new City(2L,"重庆",0L);
        System.out.println(user.toString());
        System.out.println(city.toString());

        ModelMapper modelMapper = new ModelMapper();
        modelMapper.addMappings(UserVo.UserToUserVoMap);
        modelMapper.addMappings(UserVo.CityToUserVoMap);

        UserVo userVo =modelMapper.map(city,UserVo.class);
        modelMapper.map(user,userVo);
        System.out.println(userVo.toString());
    }
}

运行结果

注意

如果user转userVO时,两个类属性名都相同,就没必要写自定义映射规则。

如果VO属性很多,也不用像传统一样傻傻的一个一个赋值,因为属性名相同占多数,属性名不相同才需要自定义映射规则。

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