java递归算法的实例详解

递归三要素:

1、明确递归终止条件;

2、给出递归终止时的处理办法;

3、提取重复的逻辑,缩小问题规模。

1、1+2+3+…+n

import java.util.Scanner;

 

public class Recursion {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

    int n = in.nextInt();

    System.out.println(sum(n));

  }

 

  public static int sum(int n) {

    if(n == 1) {

      return n;

    }

    else {

      return n + sum(n-1);

    }

  }

}

2、1 * 2 * 3 * … * n

import java.util.Scanner;

 

public class Recursion {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

    int n = in.nextInt();

    System.out.println(multiply(n));

  }

 

  public static int multiply(int n) {

    if(n == 1) {

      return n;

    }

    else {

      return n*multiply(n-1);

    }

  }

}

3、斐波那契数列

前两项均为1,第三项开始,每一项都等于前两项之和。即:1,1,2,3,5,8,…

import java.util.Scanner;

 

public class Recursion {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

    int n = in.nextInt();

 

    System.out.println(fun(n));

  }

 

  public static int fun(int n) {

 

    if (n <= 2) {

      return 1;

    }

    else {

      return fun(n-1) + fun(n-2);

    }

  }

}

4、二叉树的遍历(前、中、后)

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.LinkedList;

 

public class MyBinaryTree {

  //二叉树节点

  private static class TreeNode{

    int data;

    TreeNode leftChild;

    TreeNode rightChile;

 

    public TreeNode(int data) {

      this.data = data;

    }

  }

 

  //构建二叉树

  public static TreeNode createBinaryTree(LinkedList inputList) {

    TreeNode node = null;

    if(inputList == null || inputList.isEmpty()) {

      return null;

    }

    Integer data = inputList.removeFirst();

 

    //如果元素为空,则不再递归

    if(data != null){

      node = new TreeNode(data);

      node.leftChild = createBinaryTree(inputList);

      node.rightChile = createBinaryTree(inputList);

    }

    return node;

  }

 

  //前序遍历:根节点,左子树,右子树

  public static void preOrderTraveral(TreeNode node) {

    if (node == null) {

      return;

    }

    System.out.println(node.data);

    preOrderTraveral(node.leftChild);

    preOrderTraveral(node.rightChile);

  }

 

  //中序遍历:左子树,根节点,右子树

  public static void inOrderTraveral(TreeNode node) {

    if(node == null) {

      return;

    }

 

    inOrderTraveral(node.leftChild);

    System.out.println(node);

    inOrderTraveral(node.rightChile);

 

  }

 

  //后序遍历:左子树,右子树,根节点

  public static void postOrderTraveral(TreeNode node) {

    if (node == null) {

      return;

    }

 

    postOrderTraveral(node.leftChild);

    postOrderTraveral(node.rightChile);

    System.out.println(node.data);

  }

 

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    LinkedList inputList = new LinkedList(Arrays.asList(new Integer[]{3,2,9,null,null,10,null,null,8,null,4}));

    TreeNode treeNode = createBinaryTree(inputList);

    System.out.println("前序遍历:");

    preOrderTraveral(treeNode);

 

    System.out.println("中序遍历:");

    inOrderTraveral(treeNode);

 

    System.out.println("后序遍历:");

    postOrderTraveral(treeNode);

  }

}

以上就是java递归算法实例的详细内容,大家如果有任何补充的地方可以联系脚本之家小编。

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