2.08

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compensate

['kɔmpenseit]

v. 偿还，补偿，付报酬

联想记忆

declining

[di'klainiŋ]

adj. 下降的，衰落的 动词decline的现在分词

pressure

['preʃə]

n. 压力，压强，压迫

v. 施压

联想记忆

dramatic

[drə'mætik]

adj. 戏剧性的，引人注目的，给人深刻印象的

联想记忆

recovery

[ri'kʌvəri]

n. 恢复，复原，痊愈

rescue

['reskju:]

vt. 营救，援救

n. 营救，救援

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avoid

[ə'vɔid]

vt. 避免，逃避

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scheme

[ski:m]

n. 方案，计划，阴谋

v. 计画，设计，体系

联想记忆

experienced

[iks'piəriənst]

adj. 有经验的

deterioration

[di.tiriə'reiʃən]

n. 恶化，降低，退化

Passage One 短文一

A recent International Labor Organization report says the deterioration of real wages around the world calls into question the true extent of an economic recovery, 国际劳工组织最近的一份报告指出世界各地实际工资的恶化情况令人质疑经济复苏的真实程度，

especially if government rescue packages are phased out too early. 尤其是如果政府的救市计划过早结束。

The report warns the picture on wages is likely to get worse this year despite indications of an economic rebound. 报告称，尽管经济有回暖迹象，今年的工资状况仍有可能进一步恶化。

Patrick Belser, an international labor organization specialist, says declining wage rates are linked to the levels of unemployment. 一位国际劳工组的专家织帕特里克·贝尔塞表示工资增长率的降低与失业率有关。

The quite dramatic unemployment features, which we now see in some of the countries, strongly suggest that there will be a great pressure on wages in the future as more people will be unemployed, 我们看到现在一些国家的失业率十分惊人，这强烈表明未来工资会因失业人数增加而面临更大压力。

more people will be looking for jobs and the pressure on employers to raise wages to attract workers will decline. 由于有更多人求职，企业在提升薪资吸引员工方面的压力便随之下降。

So we expect that the second part of the year would not be very good in terms of wage growth. 因此，我们预测今年下半年的工资增长前景不容乐观。

The report finds more than a quarter of the countries experienced flat or falling monthly wages in real terms. 报告发现超过四分之一的国家实际月工资没有增长甚至出现下降。

They include the United States, Austria, Costa Rica, South Africa and Germany. 其中包括美国、奥地利、哥斯达黎加、南非、德国。

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2.11

International Labor Organization economists say some nations have come up with policies to lessen the impact of lower wages during the economic crisis. 国际劳工组织的经济学家称，在经济危机期间，一些国家已经提出了相应政策来减轻低工资的影响。

An example of these is work sharing with government subsidies. 其中的一个例子就是分享政府补贴的工作。

Under this scheme, the number of individual working hours is reduced in an effort to avoid layoffs. 按照这项政策，减少个人工时来避免裁员。

For this scheme to work, the government must provide wage subsidies to compensate for lost pay due to the shorter hours. 为了此方案有效运转，政府必须提供工资津贴以补偿工时减少而造成的工资损失。

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. 问题9-11是基于刚才你所听到的这篇短文的。

Question 9: What is the International Labor Organization's report mainly about? 问题9: 国际劳工组织报告主要是关于什么的？

Question 10: According to an International Labor Organization's specialist, how will employers feel if there are more people looking for jobs? 问题10: 据国际劳工组织的专家介绍，如果有更多人求职，那么雇主们会作何感想。

Question 11: What does the speaker mean by the work sharing scheme? 问题11: 说话者所说的工作分享政策是什么意思？