java中的对象的序列化,以及新的try...catch块学习

对象的序列化和反序列化:

1、对象的序列需要实现java.util.Serializable或者是java.io.Externalizable接口。

2、Serializable只是一个接口,代表着可序列化,并没有定义任何的抽象方法,只能序列化非静态的,以及没有使用transient关键字修饰的属性,使用此接口最好声明一          个“private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;”常量,确保在类的修改等操作之后,也能够反序列化

3、其中Externalizable接口继承Serializable接口,可以自定义序列化、反序列化的属性(包含静态属性和transient的),此接口多出了两个抽象方法

  writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException  :用于自定义需要序列化的属性

  writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException :用于自定义需要反序列化的属性

4、另一个try(){}...catch(){}finally{}...,这种try...catch可以自动关闭资源,省去了手动关闭的麻烦

  try(括号中放需要关闭的资源类代码){此括号中放逻辑代码}catch(异常){}finally{}

示例:

package javase.day23;

import java.io.Externalizable;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInput;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutput;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;

public class TestExternalizable {
  public static void main(String[] args) {

    //自1.7之后的另一个try(){}...catch(){}...
    try(
      FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("student.obj");
      ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);

      FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("student.obj");
      ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);

    ){
      Student student = new Student("tom");
      Student.school = "二中";
      student.setAge(18);
      oos.writeObject(student);


      Student stu = (Student) ois.readObject();
      System.out.println(stu);

    }catch (IOException e) {

      e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

      e.printStackTrace();
    }

  }
}

class Student implements Externalizable{
  private transient String name;
  public static String school = "一中";
    private int age;
  
  public Student() {
    super();
  }


  public Student(String name) {
    super();
    this.name = name;
  }


  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }


  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }


  public int getAge() {
    return age;
  }


  public void setAge(int age) {
  this.age = age;
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "Student [name=" + name + ", age = " + age + ", school = " + school + "]";
  }


  @Override
  public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {

    out.writeUTF(name);
    out.writeUTF(school);
  }

  @Override
  public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {

    name = in.readUTF();
    school = in.readUTF();
  }

}

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