文章目录
- AspNetCore3.1_Secutiry源码解析_1_目录
- AspNetCore3.1_Secutiry源码解析_2_Authentication_核心项目
- AspNetCore3.1_Secutiry源码解析_3_Authentication_Cookies
- AspNetCore3.1_Secutiry源码解析_4_Authentication_JwtBear
- AspNetCore3.1_Secutiry源码解析_5_Authentication_OAuth
- AspNetCore3.1_Secutiry源码解析_6_Authentication_OpenIdConnect
- AspNetCore3.1_Secutiry源码解析_7_Authentication_其他
- AspNetCore3.1_Secutiry源码解析_8_Authorization_授权框架
OAuth简介
现在随便一个网站,不用注册,只用微信扫一扫,然后就可以自动登录,然后第三方网站右上角还出现了你的微信头像和昵称,怎么做到的?
sequenceDiagram 用户->>x站点: 请求微信登录 x站点->>微信: 请求 oauth token 微信->>用户: x站点请求基本资料权限,是否同意? 用户->>微信: 同意 微信->>x站点: token x站点->>微信: 请求user基本资料(token) 微信->微信: 校验token 微信->>x站点: user基本资料
大概就这么个意思,OAuth可以让第三方获取有限的授权去获取资源。
入门的看博客
https://www.cnblogs.com/linianhui/p/oauth2-authorization.html
英文好有基础的直接看协议
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749
依赖注入
配置类:OAuthOptions
处理器类: OAuthHandler
public static class OAuthExtensions
{
public static AuthenticationBuilder AddOAuth(this AuthenticationBuilder builder, string authenticationScheme, Action configureOptions)
=> builder.AddOAuth>(authenticationScheme, configureOptions);
public static AuthenticationBuilder AddOAuth(this AuthenticationBuilder builder, string authenticationScheme, string displayName, Action configureOptions)
=> builder.AddOAuth>(authenticationScheme, displayName, configureOptions);
public static AuthenticationBuilder AddOAuth(this AuthenticationBuilder builder, string authenticationScheme, Action configureOptions)
where TOptions : OAuthOptions, new()
where THandler : OAuthHandler
=> builder.AddOAuth(authenticationScheme, OAuthDefaults.DisplayName, configureOptions);
public static AuthenticationBuilder AddOAuth(this AuthenticationBuilder builder, string authenticationScheme, string displayName, Action configureOptions)
where TOptions : OAuthOptions, new()
where THandler : OAuthHandler
{
builder.Services.TryAddEnumerable(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton, OAuthPostConfigureOptions>());
return builder.AddRemoteScheme(authenticationScheme, displayName, configureOptions);
}
}
OAuthOptions - 配置类
classDiagram class OAuthOptions{ ClientId ClientSecret AuthorizationEndpoint TokenEndPoint UserInformationEndPoint Scope Events ClaimActions StateDataFormat } class RemoteAuthenticationOptions{ BackchannelTimeout BackchannelHttpHandler Backchannel DataProtectionProvider CallbackPath AccessDeniedPath ReturnUrlParameter SignInScheme RemoteAuthenticationTimeout SaveTokens } class AuthenticationSchemeOptions{ } OAuthOptions-->RemoteAuthenticationOptions RemoteAuthenticationOptions-->AuthenticationSchemeOptions
下面是校验逻辑,这些配置是必需的。
public override void Validate()
{
base.Validate();
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ClientId))
{
throw new ArgumentException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resources.Exception_OptionMustBeProvided, nameof(ClientId)), nameof(ClientId));
}
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ClientSecret))
{
throw new ArgumentException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resources.Exception_OptionMustBeProvided, nameof(ClientSecret)), nameof(ClientSecret));
}
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(AuthorizationEndpoint))
{
throw new ArgumentException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resources.Exception_OptionMustBeProvided, nameof(AuthorizationEndpoint)), nameof(AuthorizationEndpoint));
}
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(TokenEndpoint))
{
throw new ArgumentException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resources.Exception_OptionMustBeProvided, nameof(TokenEndpoint)), nameof(TokenEndpoint));
}
if (!CallbackPath.HasValue)
{
throw new ArgumentException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resources.Exception_OptionMustBeProvided, nameof(CallbackPath)), nameof(CallbackPath));
}
}
OAuthPostConfigureOptions - 配置处理
- DataProtectionProvider没有配置的话则使用默认实现
- Backchannel没有配置的话则处理构造默认配置
- StateDataFormat没有配置的话则使用PropertiesDataFormat
public void PostConfigure(string name, TOptions options)
{
options.DataProtectionProvider = options.DataProtectionProvider ?? _dp;
if (options.Backchannel == null)
{
options.Backchannel = new HttpClient(options.BackchannelHttpHandler ?? new HttpClientHandler());
options.Backchannel.DefaultRequestHeaders.UserAgent.ParseAdd("Microsoft ASP.NET Core OAuth handler");
options.Backchannel.Timeout = options.BackchannelTimeout;
options.Backchannel.MaxResponseContentBufferSize = 1024 * 1024 * 10; // 10 MB
}
if (options.StateDataFormat == null)
{
var dataProtector = options.DataProtectionProvider.CreateProtector(
typeof(THandler).FullName, name, "v1");
options.StateDataFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(dataProtector);
}
}
这个StateDataFormat就是处理state字段的加密解密的,state在认证过程中用于防止跨站伪造攻击和存放一些状态信息,我们看一下协议的定义
state
RECOMMENDED. An opaque value used by the client to maintain
state between the request and callback. The authorization
server includes this value when redirecting the user-agent back
to the client. The parameter SHOULD be used for preventing
cross-site request forgery as described in Section 10.12.
比如,认证之后的回跳地址就是存放在这里。所以如果希望从state字段中解密得到信息的话,就需要使用到PropertiesDataFormat。PropertiesDataFormat没有任何代码,继承自SecureDataFormat。 为什么这里介绍这么多呢,因为实际项目中用到过这个。
public class SecureDataFormat : ISecureDataFormat
{
private readonly IDataSerializer _serializer;
private readonly IDataProtector _protector;
public SecureDataFormat(IDataSerializer serializer, IDataProtector protector)
{
_serializer = serializer;
_protector = protector;
}
public string Protect(TData data)
{
return Protect(data, purpose: null);
}
public string Protect(TData data, string purpose)
{
var userData = _serializer.Serialize(data);
var protector = _protector;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(purpose))
{
protector = protector.CreateProtector(purpose);
}
var protectedData = protector.Protect(userData);
return Base64UrlTextEncoder.Encode(protectedData);
}
public TData Unprotect(string protectedText)
{
return Unprotect(protectedText, purpose: null);
}
public TData Unprotect(string protectedText, string purpose)
{
try
{
if (protectedText == null)
{
return default(TData);
}
var protectedData = Base64UrlTextEncoder.Decode(protectedText);
if (protectedData == null)
{
return default(TData);
}
var protector = _protector;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(purpose))
{
protector = protector.CreateProtector(purpose);
}
var userData = protector.Unprotect(protectedData);
if (userData == null)
{
return default(TData);
}
return _serializer.Deserialize(userData);
}
catch
{
// TODO trace exception, but do not leak other information
return default(TData);
}
}
}
AddRemoteSchema和AddShema的差别就是做了下面的处理,确认始终有不是远程schema的SignInSchema
private class EnsureSignInScheme : IPostConfigureOptions where TOptions : RemoteAuthenticationOptions
{
private readonly AuthenticationOptions _authOptions;
public EnsureSignInScheme(IOptions authOptions)
{
_authOptions = authOptions.Value;
}
public void PostConfigure(string name, TOptions options)
{
options.SignInScheme = options.SignInScheme ?? _authOptions.DefaultSignInScheme ?? _authOptions.DefaultScheme;
}
}
OAuthHandler
- 解密state
- 校验CorrelationId,防跨站伪造攻击
- 如果error不为空说明失败返回错误
- 拿到授权码code,换取token
- 如果SaveTokens设置为true,将access_token,refresh_token,token_type存放到properties中
- 创建凭据,返回成功
protected override async Task HandleRemoteAuthenticateAsync()
{
var query = Request.Query;
var state = query["state"];
var properties = Options.StateDataFormat.Unprotect(state);
if (properties == null)
{
return HandleRequestResult.Fail("The oauth state was missing or invalid.");
}
// OAuth2 10.12 CSRF
if (!ValidateCorrelationId(properties))
{
return HandleRequestResult.Fail("Correlation failed.", properties);
}
var error = query["error"];
if (!StringValues.IsNullOrEmpty(error))
{
// Note: access_denied errors are special protocol errors indicating the user didn't
// approve the authorization demand requested by the remote authorization server.
// Since it's a frequent scenario (that is not caused by incorrect configuration),
// denied errors are handled differently using HandleAccessDeniedErrorAsync().
// Visit https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-4.1.2.1 for more information.
if (StringValues.Equals(error, "access_denied"))
{
return await HandleAccessDeniedErrorAsync(properties);
}
var failureMessage = new StringBuilder();
failureMessage.Append(error);
var errorDescription = query["error_description"];
if (!StringValues.IsNullOrEmpty(errorDescription))
{
failureMessage.Append(";Description=").Append(errorDescription);
}
var errorUri = query["error_uri"];
if (!StringValues.IsNullOrEmpty(errorUri))
{
failureMessage.Append(";Uri=").Append(errorUri);
}
return HandleRequestResult.Fail(failureMessage.ToString(), properties);
}
var code = query["code"];
if (StringValues.IsNullOrEmpty(code))
{
return HandleRequestResult.Fail("Code was not found.", properties);
}
var tokens = await ExchangeCodeAsync(code, BuildRedirectUri(Options.CallbackPath));
if (tokens.Error != null)
{
return HandleRequestResult.Fail(tokens.Error, properties);
}
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(tokens.AccessToken))
{
return HandleRequestResult.Fail("Failed to retrieve access token.", properties);
}
var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(ClaimsIssuer);
if (Options.SaveTokens)
{
var authTokens = new List();
authTokens.Add(new AuthenticationToken { Name = "access_token", Value = tokens.AccessToken });
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(tokens.RefreshToken))
{
authTokens.Add(new AuthenticationToken { Name = "refresh_token", Value = tokens.RefreshToken });
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(tokens.TokenType))
{
authTokens.Add(new AuthenticationToken { Name = "token_type", Value = tokens.TokenType });
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(tokens.ExpiresIn))
{
int value;
if (int.TryParse(tokens.ExpiresIn, NumberStyles.Integer, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out value))
{
// https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime
// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/az4se3k1(v=vs.110).aspx
var expiresAt = Clock.UtcNow + TimeSpan.FromSeconds(value);
authTokens.Add(new AuthenticationToken
{
Name = "expires_at",
Value = expiresAt.ToString("o", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
});
}
}
properties.StoreTokens(authTokens);
}
var ticket = await CreateTicketAsync(identity, properties, tokens);
if (ticket != null)
{
return HandleRequestResult.Success(ticket);
}
else
{
return HandleRequestResult.Fail("Failed to retrieve user information from remote server.", properties);
}
}
实战
最近做一个第三方对接的项目,我们有多个站点、自己的IdentityServer认证中心,这个联合项目要求将我们的系统以iframe的形式嵌套在他们的菜单里面。整个对接流程大致如下。
sequenceDiagram 第三方->>第三方: 登录 第三方->>本公司系统: 点击菜单请求地址 本公司系统->>第三方: 跳转OAuth静默授权地址(1) 第三方->>本公司系统: 带授权码跳转回调地址(2) 本公司系统->>第三方: 使用code换token(3) 本公司系统->>第三方: 使用token读取个人资料(4) 本公司系统->>本公司系统: 用户名密码模式与本公司认证中心静默授权(5) 本公司系统->>本公司系统: 上下文注入需要的Claims,使用CookieSchema登录维持登录态(6) 本公司系统->>本公司系统: 回跳到开始授权时的地址(7)
利用微软框架,可以比较快速实现
-
定义XXOptions,继承自OAuthOptions
- ClientId:必填,客户端id
- ClientSecret:必填,客户端秘钥
- AuthorizationEndpoint:必填,授权地址,对应步骤(1)
- TokenEndpoint:必填,中间件会带着授权码code跳转到此地址换取token,对应步骤(2,3)
- UserInformationEndpoint:选填,用户信息接口地址,框架没有使用此属性,需要自己实现,对应步骤(4)
- CallbackPath:必填,授权流程结束之后回跳地址,对应步骤(7)
- 订阅事件:Events.OnCreatingTicket += async (OAuthCreatingTicketContext context) =>
{
//用户凭据签发时触发,将用户信息同步到本公司,使用ClientCredential模式与
//本公司IdentityServer认证中心通讯实现静默授权
//然后将本公司相关会话信息填充到凭据中
}; - SignInSchema:认证完后登入架构名(建议Cookies)
- 如果有特有的配置,也在此处定义
-
定义XXOAuthHandler,继承自OAuthHandler
- 重写ExchangeCodeAsync,此方法负责使用code换取token,父类实现使用的是form-post,如果任何地方与实际情况不匹配,可以进行重写
- 重写HandleChallengeAsync方法,此方法负责构建质询地址,即步骤(1)的静默授权地址+回调地址
- 重写CreateTicketAsync方法,此方法负责构建用户凭证,包括所有需要未来维持在Cookie中的信息。可以在此处请求UserInformationEndpoint请求用户资料,然后填充到凭证中。
- 重写HandleRemoteAuthenticateAsync:此方法为主干逻辑方法,如果与实际有差异可以进行重写,否则使用父类实现即可。