基于xml文件的IOC配置

基于xml文件的IOC配置

• 简述

  • IOC的作用是降低程序间的耦合（依赖关系）而依赖关系的维护是由spring来维护的；我们在当前类使用到其他类的对象，这时spring提供这种关系的管理，我们只需要在配置文件中加以声明即可。我们称依赖关系的维护是依赖注入。

• 注入的数据

  • 基本数据类型和String类型

  • 其他bean类型

  • 复杂类型/集合类型

• 注入方式

  • 使用构造函数提供

    • 使用constructor-arg标签，隶属于bean标签

    • 此标签属性的声明

      • type:用于要指定的数据的数据类型，这数据类型也是构造函数中某个或者某些参数的类型

      • index:用于要指定注入的参数在构造函数中指定参数的位置，从0开始

      • name:用于要制定的构造函数的参数名称 （强烈建议使用）

      • value:用于指定基本数据类型和String类型的数据

      • ref:用于指定基本数据类型和String类型的数据

        package com.mypro.service.impl;
        ​
        import com.mypro.dao.UserDao;
        import com.mypro.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl;
        import com.mypro.service.UserService;
        ​
        import java.util.Date;
        ​
        /**
         * 用户的业务实现类
         */
        public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
        ​
            // 经常变化的数据并不适用数据依赖注入
            private String name;
            private Integer age;
            private Date birth;
        ​
            public UserServiceImpl(String name, Integer age, Date birth) {
                this.name = name;
                this.age = age;
                this.birth = birth;
            }
        ​
            private UserDao userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
        ​
            @Override
            public void saveUser() {
                userDao.saveUser();
            }
        }
        ​

         

        xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
               xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
               xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
            
            <bean id="now" class="java.util.Date">bean>
            <bean id="userService" class="com.mypro.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
                <constructor-arg name="name" value="xiansen">constructor-arg>
                <constructor-arg name="age" value="20">constructor-arg>
                <constructor-arg name="birth" value="now">constructor-arg>
            bean>
            <bean id="userDao" class="com.mypro.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
            bean>
        ​
        ​
        beans>

         

  • 使用set方法提供

    • 使用property标签，隶属于bean标签

    • 此标签属性的声明

      • name:用于要制定的构造函数的参数名称 （强烈建议使用）

      • value:用于指定基本数据类型和String类型的数据

      • ref:用于指定基本数据类型和String类型的数据

        package com.mypro.dao.impl;
        ​
        import com.mypro.dao.UserDao;
        ​
        import java.util.*;
        ​
        /**
         * 用户的持久层实现类
         */
        public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
            // 经常变化的数据并不适用依赖注入
            private String name;
            private Integer age;
            private Date birth;
            // 复杂类型的数据的注入
            private String[] myStrs;
            private List myLists;
            private Set mySets;
            private Map myMaps;
            private Properties myProps;
        ​
            public void setMyStrs(String[] myStrs) {
                this.myStrs = myStrs;
            }
        ​
            public void setMyLists(List myLists) {
                this.myLists = myLists;
            }
        ​
            public void setMySets(Set mySets) {
                this.mySets = mySets;
            }
        ​
            public void setMyMaps(Map myMaps) {
                this.myMaps = myMaps;
            }
        ​
            public void setMyProps(Properties myProps) {
                this.myProps = myProps;
            }
        ​
            public void setName(String name) {
                this.name = name;
            }
        ​
            public void setAge(Integer age) {
                this.age = age;
            }
        ​
            public void setBirth(Date birth) {
                this.birth = birth;
            }
        ​
            @Override
            public void saveUser() {
                System.out.println("用户保存成功！");
            }
        }

        xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
               xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
               xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
            
            <bean id="now" class="java.util.Date">bean>
            <bean id="userService" class="com.mypro.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
                <constructor-arg name="name" value="xiansen">constructor-arg>
                <constructor-arg name="age" value="20">constructor-arg>
                <constructor-arg name="birth" value="now">constructor-arg>
            bean>
            
            <bean id="userDao" class="com.mypro.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
                <property name="name" value="xiaohu">property>
                <property name="age" value="18">property>
                <property name="birth" ref="now">property>
                <property name="myStrs">
                    <array>
                        <value>AAvalue>
                        <value>BBvalue>
                    array>
                property>
                <property name="myLists">
                    <list>
                        <value>AAvalue>
                        <value>BBvalue>
                    list>
                property>
                <property name="mySets">
                    <set>
                        <value>AAvalue>
                        <value>BBvalue>
                    set>
                property>
                <property name="myMaps">
                    <map>
                        <entry key="aa" value="AA">entry>
                        <entry key="bb">
                            <value>BBvalue>
                        entry>
                    map>
                property>
                <property name="myProps">
                    <props>
                        <prop key="aa">AAprop>
                        <prop key="bb">BBprop>
                    props>
                property>
            bean>
        ​
        ​
        beans>

         

基于xml文件完成IOC配置（案例）

• 使用dbutils包完成简单业务，导入必要的包

  <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
        <version>5.0.2.RELEASEversion>
      dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-dbutilsgroupId>
        <artifactId>commons-dbutilsartifactId>
        <version>1.4version>
      dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
        <version>5.1.6version>
      dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>c3p0groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0artifactId>
        <version>0.9.1.2version>
      dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>junitgroupId>
        <artifactId>junitartifactId>
        <version>4.11version>
        <scope>testscope>
      dependency>
  dependencies>

   

• 实体类Words

  

  package com.mypro.entity;
  ​
  import java.util.Date;
  ​
  public class Words {
      private Integer id;
      private String word;
      private String translation;
      private String introduction;
      private Integer star;
      private Date add_time;
      private Integer group_id;
  ​
      @Override
      public String toString() {
          return "Words{" +
                  "id=" + id +
                  ", word='" + word + '\'' +
                  ", translation='" + translation + '\'' +
                  ", introduction='" + introduction + '\'' +
                  ", star=" + star +
                  ", add_time=" + add_time +
                  ", group_id=" + group_id +
                  '}';
      }
  ​
      public Integer getId() {
          return id;
      }
  ​
      public void setId(Integer id) {
          this.id = id;
      }
  ​
      public String getWord() {
          return word;
      }
  ​
      public void setWord(String word) {
          this.word = word;
      }
  ​
      public String getTranslation() {
          return translation;
      }
  ​
      public void setTranslation(String translation) {
          this.translation = translation;
      }
  ​
      public String getIntroduction() {
          return introduction;
      }
  ​
      public void setIntroduction(String introduction) {
          this.introduction = introduction;
      }
  ​
      public Integer getStar() {
          return star;
      }
  ​
      public void setStar(Integer star) {
          this.star = star;
      }
  ​
      public Date getAdd_time() {
          return add_time;
      }
  ​
      public void setAdd_time(Date add_time) {
          this.add_time = add_time;
      }
  ​
      public Integer getGroup_id() {
          return group_id;
      }
  ​
      public void setGroup_id(Integer group_id) {
          this.group_id = group_id;
      }
  }

  View Code

• 业务层接口WordsService和实现类WordsServiceImpl （接口类省略）

  package com.mypro.entity;
  ​
  import java.util.Date;
  ​
  public class Words {
      private Integer id;
      private String word;
      private String translation;
      private String introduction;
      private Integer star;
      private Date add_time;
      private Integer group_id;
  ​
      @Override
      public String toString() {
          return "Words{" +
                  "id=" + id +
                  ", word='" + word + '\'' +
                  ", translation='" + translation + '\'' +
                  ", introduction='" + introduction + '\'' +
                  ", star=" + star +
                  ", add_time=" + add_time +
                  ", group_id=" + group_id +
                  '}';
      }
  ​
      public Integer getId() {
          return id;
      }
  ​
      public void setId(Integer id) {
          this.id = id;
      }
  ​
      public String getWord() {
          return word;
      }
  ​
      public void setWord(String word) {
          this.word = word;
      }
  ​
      public String getTranslation() {
          return translation;
      }
  ​
      public void setTranslation(String translation) {
          this.translation = translation;
      }
  ​
      public String getIntroduction() {
          return introduction;
      }
  ​
      public void setIntroduction(String introduction) {
          this.introduction = introduction;
      }
  ​
      public Integer getStar() {
          return star;
      }
  ​
      public void setStar(Integer star) {
          this.star = star;
      }
  ​
      public Date getAdd_time() {
          return add_time;
      }
  ​
      public void setAdd_time(Date add_time) {
          this.add_time = add_time;
      }
  ​
      public Integer getGroup_id() {
          return group_id;
      }
  ​
      public void setGroup_id(Integer group_id) {
          this.group_id = group_id;
      }
  }

• 持久层接口WordsDao和实现类WordsDaoImpl（接口类省略）简单使用dbutils包

  

  package com.mypro.dao.impl;
  ​
  import com.mypro.dao.WordsDao;
  import com.mypro.entity.Words;
  import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
  import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
  import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
  ​
  import java.util.List;
  ​
  public class WordsDaoImpl implements WordsDao {
      
      //为注入bean对象添加一个setter方法
      private QueryRunner runner;
  ​
      public void setRunner(QueryRunner runner) {
          this.runner = runner;
      }
  ​
      @Override
      public List findAll() {
          try{
              return runner.query("select * from words", new BeanListHandler(Words.class));
          }catch(Exception e){
              throw new RuntimeException(e);
          }
      }
  ​
      @Override
      public Words findWordsById(Integer id) {
          try{
              return runner.query("select * from words where id=?", new BeanHandler(Words.class), id);
          }catch (Exception e){
              throw new RuntimeException(e);
          }
      }
  ​
      @Override
      public void insertWords(Words words) {
          try{
              runner.update("insert into words(word, translation, introduction, add_time, star, group_id)" +
                      "values(?,?,?,?,?,?)", words.getWord(), words.getTranslation(), words.getIntroduction(),
                      words.getAdd_time(), words.getStar(), words.getGroup_id());
          }catch (Exception e){
              throw new RuntimeException(e);
          }
      }
  ​
      @Override
      public void updateWords(Words words) {
          try{
              runner.update("update words set word=?, translation=?, introduction=?, add_time=?, star=?, group_id=? " +
                      "where id=?", words.getWord(), words.getTranslation(), words.getIntroduction(), words.getAdd_time(),
                      words.getStar(), words.getGroup_id(), words.getId());
          }catch (Exception e){
              throw new RuntimeException(e);
          }
      }
  ​
      @Override
      public void deleteWords(Integer id) {
          try{
              runner.update("delete from words where id=?", id);
          }catch (Exception e){
              throw new RuntimeException(e);
          }
      }
  }

  View Code

• Bean对象容器myWordBean.xml

  xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
      
      <bean id="wordsService" class="com.mypro.service.impl.WordsServiceImpl">
          
          <property name="wordsDao" ref="wordsDao">property>
      bean>
      
      <bean id="wordsDao" class="com.mypro.dao.impl.WordsDaoImpl">
          
          <property name="runner" ref="runner">property>
      bean>
      
      <bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype">
          
          <constructor-arg name="ds" ref="dataSource">constructor-arg>
      bean>
      
      <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
          
          <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">property>
          <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myword">property>
          <property name="user" value="username">property>
          <property name="password" value="password">property>
      bean>
  beans>

   

• 测试类WordsServiceTest

  package com.mypro.test;
  ​
  import com.mypro.entity.Words;
  import com.mypro.service.WordsService;
  import com.mypro.service.impl.WordsServiceImpl;
  import org.junit.Before;
  import org.junit.Test;
  import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
  import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
  ​
  import java.util.Date;
  import java.util.List;
  ​
  public class WordsServiceTest {
      private WordsService wordsService;
      @Before
      public void testInit(){
          ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("myWordBean.xml");
          wordsService = ac.getBean("wordsService", WordsService.class);
      }
  ​
      @Test
      public void testFindAll(){
          List all = wordsService.findAll();
          for (Words words : all) {
              System.out.println(words);
          }
      }
  ​
      @Test
      public void testFindOne(){
          Integer id = 10;
          Words words = wordsService.findWordsById(id);
          System.out.println(words);
      }
  ​
      @Test
      public void testInsert(){
          Date now = new Date();
          Words words = new Words();
          words.setWord("Java");
          words.setTranslation("爪哇");
          words.setIntroduction("一门编程语言");
          words.setAdd_time(now);
          words.setStar(2);
          words.setGroup_id(1);
          wordsService.insertWords(words);
          System.out.println("success insert!");
      }
  ​
      @Test
      public void testUpdate(){
          Date now = new Date();
          Words words = new Words();
          words.setId(9);
          words.setWord("java web");
          words.setTranslation("爪哇应用");
          words.setIntroduction("一门编程语言");
          words.setAdd_time(now);
          words.setStar(2);
          words.setGroup_id(1);
          wordsService.updateWords(words);
          System.out.println("success update!");
      }
  ​
      @Test
      public void testDelete(){
          Integer id = 11;
          wordsService.deleteWords(id);
          System.out.println("success delete!");
      }
  }
  ​