nginx平滑升级与回滚

1.安装配置1.6版本的 nginx

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ pcre-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel 

[root@localhost ~]# tar xzf nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ 

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx-1.6.3

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx -group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module 

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.3]# make && make install 

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.3]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx 

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.3]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok 
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful 

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.3]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 

2.查看版本和模块

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.3]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V 
nginx version: nginx/1.6.3 built 
by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC) 
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --withhttp_stub_status_module 

3.访问验证

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.3]# echo "nginx1.6" > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html 

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.3]# yum install -y elinks

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.3]# elinks 10.0.105.189

4.升级nginx

将 nginx 版本进行升级 并在不影响业务的情况下添加 SSL 和 pcre 模块

[root@localhost ~]# tar xzf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ 
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx-1.12.2/
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx -group=ngiinx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre 
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# make 
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# mv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx_lod
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/nginx-1.12.2/objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/ 
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root       6324      1  0 09:06 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx
nobody     6325   6324  0 09:06 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root       6338   1244  0 09:11 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@localhost ~]# kill -USR2 6324  #此时查看进程 给master进程发送一个热升级进程信号
[root@localhost ~]#  ls /usr/local/nginx/logs/  #主进程将重命名它的进程文件 .pid 文件为 .oldbin
access.log  error.log  nginx.pid  nginx.oldbin
[root@localhost ~]# cat  /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid 
6340
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root       6324      1  0 09:06 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx
nobody     6325   6324  0 09:06 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root       6340   6324  0 09:12 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx
nobody     6341   6340  0 09:12 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root       6343   1244  0 09:12 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

在这时,两个 nginx 实例会同时运行,一起处理输入的请求。
要逐步停止旧的实例,你必须发送 WINCH 信号给旧的主进程,然后,它的工作进程就将开始从容关闭

[root@nginx ~]# kill -WINCH 6324
[root@nginx ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root       6324      1  0 09:06 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx
root       6340   6324  0 09:12 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx
nobody     6341   6340  0 09:12 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root       6346   1244  0 09:14 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

一段时间后,旧的工作进程处理了所有已连接的请求后退出,就仅由新的工作进程来处理输入的请求了
老的worker已经没了,但是老的master还有,是准备回滚使用的

查看当前nginx状态

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V 
nginx version: nginx/1.12.2
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC) 
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre

如果在版本升级完成后,没有任何问题,需要关闭老的master进程.

5.回滚

老的master进程是一直存在,在没有手工关闭前,它是不会自已关闭的,这种设计是有好处的,好处就是为了升级新版本后,如果出现问题能及时快速的回滚到上一个稳定版本。

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx
root      12264  0.0  0.0  24860   956 ?        Ss   16:31   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root      20083  0.0  0.1  45936  3260 ?        S    16:38   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     20084  0.0  0.1  46384  2128 ?        S    16:38   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      27488  0.0  0.0 112708   984 pts/0    R+   16:47   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@localhost ~]# kill -HUP 12264    #发送 HUP 信号给旧的主进程 - 它将在不重载配置文件的情况下启动它的工作进程
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx
root      12264  0.0  0.0  24860   956 ?        Ss   16:31   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root      20083  0.0  0.1  45936  3260 ?        S    16:38   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     20084  0.0  0.1  46384  2128 ?        S    16:38   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     28108  0.0  0.0  25284  1460 ?        S    16:47   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      28154  0.0  0.0 112708   980 pts/0    R+   16:47   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@localhost ~]# kill -QUIT 20083  #发送 QUIT 信号给新的主进程,要求其从容关闭其工作进程
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx
root      12264  0.0  0.0  24860   956 ?        Ss   16:31   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     28108  0.0  0.0  25284  1460 ?        S    16:47   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      28933  0.0  0.0 112708   984 pts/0    R+   16:48   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

如果新主进程还没退出,发送 TERM 信号给新的主进程,迫使其退出

kill -TERM 20083

如果因为某些原因新的工作进程不能退出,向其发送 KILL 信号

kill -9 20083

新的主进程退出后,旧的主进程会由移除 .oldbin 后缀,恢复为它的 .pid 文件,这样,一切就都恢复到升级之前了。

[root@localhost ~]#  ls /usr/local/nginx/logs/ 
access.log  error.log  nginx.pid
[root@localhost ~]# cat  /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid 
12264

如果尝试升级成功,而你也希望保留新的服务器时,发送 QUIT 信号给旧的主进程使其退出而只留下新的服务器运行:

kill -QUIT 12264

参考:
https://blog.csdn.net/mingongge/article/details/88097055
https://blog.csdn.net/u011085172/article/details/71515745

Nginx重新编译添加新的模块

https://www.jianshu.com/p/0309cb5e7e76
https://www.jianshu.com/p/695af00ee857

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