深入理解Spring中Bean的生命周期

Bean的执行流程图

Spring中Bean 的完整生命周期,在学习Spring 框架的时候,理解Spring的Bean的管理的非常重要,下图是Spring的Bean构造的全过程:

深入理解Spring中Bean的生命周期_第1张图片

Bean 的生命周期

  1. Spring启动,查找并加载需要被Spring管理的bean,进行Bean的实例化

  2. Bean实例化后对将Bean属性注入值

  3. 如果Bean实现了BeanNameAware接口的话,Spring将调用setBeanName()方法,将Bean的id 传进来

  4. 如果Bean实现了BeanFactoryAware接口的话,Spring将调用setBeanFactory()方法,将BeanFactory容器实例传进来

  5. 如果Bean实现了ApplicationContextAware接口的话,Spring将调用Bean的setApplicationContext()方法,将bean所在应用上下文引用传进来。

  6. 如果Bean实现了BeanPostProcessor接口,Spring就将调用他们的BeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization()方法

  7. 如果Bean中方法标注注解@PostConstruct,就执行该方法

  8. 如果Bean 实现了InitializingBean接口,Spring将调用他们的InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()方法。同时,如果bean使用init-method声明了初始化方法,该方法也会被调用

  9. 如果Bean 实现了BeanPostProcessor接口,Spring就将调用他们的BeanPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization()()方法。这时,Bean已经准备创建完成了。他们将一直存在应用上下文中,直到应用上下文被销毁。

  10. 如果Bean中方法标注注解@PreDestroy,就执行该方法

  11. 如果bean实现了DisposableBean接口,Spring将调用它的destory()接口方法,同样,如果bean使用了destory-method 声明销毁方法,该方法也会被调用。

代码实例验证Bean 的生命周期

User 类,实现BeanNameAware,BeanFactoryAware,ApplicationContextAware,InitializingBean,DisposableBean接口

public class User implements BeanNameAware, BeanFactoryAware, ApplicationContextAware, InitializingBean, DisposableBean {

    private String userName;

    public User() {
        System.out.println("User 被实例化!!!!");
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        System.out.println("阿福聊聊编程!!");
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public void init() {
        System.out.println("执行initMethod方法!!!");
    }

    @PostConstruct
    public void postContruct() {
        System.out.println("执行@PostConstruct方法");
    }

    public void destory1() {
        System.out.println("执行destroyMethod方法!!!!");
    }

    @PreDestroy
    public void preDestroy() {
        System.out.println("执行@PreDestroy 方法!!!!");
    }

    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("执行InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()");
    }

    public void destroy() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("DisposableBean.destroy()");
    }

    public void setBeanName(String name) {
        System.out.println("BeanNameAware.setBeanName()" + "--->BeanName:" + name);
    }

    public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()");
    }

    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("ApplicationContextAware.setApplicationContext()" );
    }
}

定义后置处理器MyBeanPostProcessor,实现postProcessBeforeInitialization,postProcessAfterInitialization的方法

@Component
public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("MyBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization()--before->"+"初始化beanName:"+beanName);
        return bean;
    }

    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("MyBeanPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization()--after-->"+"初始化beanName:"+beanName);
        return bean;
    }
}

定义MyConfigUser,将User ,MyBeanPostProcessor 注册到Spring容器当中,关于Bean注册参考SpringIOC汇总

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "zfcoding.beanpostprocessor")
@Configuration
public class MyConfigUser {

    @Bean(initMethod = "init",destroyMethod = "destory1")
    public User user(){
        return  new User();
    }
}

单元测试

public class BeanProcessTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfigUser.class);
        User user = applicationContext.getBean(User.class);
        applicationContext.close();
    }
}

运行结果:

User 被实例化!!!!
BeanNameAware.setBeanName()--->BeanName:user
BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()
ApplicationContextAware.setApplicationContext()
MyBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization()--before->初始化beanName:user
执行@PostConstruct方法
执行InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()
执行initMethod方法!!!
执行@PreDestroy 方法!!!!
DisposableBean.destroy()
执行destroyMethod方法!!!!

文章参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/javazhiyin/p/10905294.html

以上就是Spring Bean 创建的全过程,完事。

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