kurento代码分析（二）rtp流的处理

 今天得闲，又翻了下kurento的代码，没忍住。学有所得，分享在这里。
 kurento在处理rtp流时，需要创建一个rtpbin这样一个element。我上一篇，分析了kurento是怎么通过工厂模式，创建一个gstreamer中的element对象。
 这种工厂模式，提供了很大的灵活性，有新的需求的时候，就可以继承父类，构造新的处理逻辑。例如关于webrtc的rtp流的处理，在C层，KmsWebrtcEndpoint继承了KmsBaseRtpEndpoint。

struct _KmsWebrtcEndpoint
{
  KmsBaseRtpEndpoint parent;

  KmsWebrtcEndpointPrivate *priv;
};

 同样在C++代码中， WebRtcEndpoint继承了BaseRtpEndpoint。

class WebRtcEndpointImpl : public BaseRtpEndpointImpl,
  public virtual WebRtcEndpoint
class WebRtcEndpoint : public virtual BaseRtpEndpoint

 把WebRtcEndpointImpl放下，先分析BaseRtpEndpointImpl。

void BaseRtpEndpointImpl::postConstructor ()
{
  SdpEndpointImpl::postConstructor ();

  mediaStateChangedHandlerId = register_signal_handler (G_OBJECT (element),
                               "media-state-changed",
                               std::function  (std::bind (
                                     &BaseRtpEndpointImpl::updateMediaState, this,
                                     std::placeholders::_2) ),
                               std::dynamic_pointer_cast
                               (shared_from_this() ) );

  connStateChangedHandlerId = register_signal_handler (G_OBJECT (element),
                              "connection-state-changed",
                              std::function  (std::bind (
                                    &BaseRtpEndpointImpl::updateConnectionState, this,
                                    std::placeholders::_2, std::placeholders::_3) ),
                              std::dynamic_pointer_cast
                              (shared_from_this() ) );
}

 register_signal_handler调用g_signal_connect_data进行函数回调注册，将函数的地址传递到C层 _KmsBaseRtpEndpointClass中的(*media_state_changed)函数指针，可以认为是C层预留的事件插槽。查找下"media-state-changed"这个信号，存在kmsbasertpendpoint.c文件中。

  obj_signals[MEDIA_STATE_CHANGED] =
      g_signal_new ("media-state-changed",
      G_TYPE_FROM_CLASS (klass),
      G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST,
      G_STRUCT_OFFSET (KmsBaseRtpEndpointClass, media_state_changed), NULL,
      NULL, g_cclosure_marshal_VOID__ENUM, G_TYPE_NONE, 1,
      KMS_TYPE_MEDIA_STATE);

 在KmsBaseRtpEndpoint这个element创建的时候，gobject会对自动调用其初始化函数kms_base_rtp_endpoint_init，当然也要调用kms_base_rtp_endpoint_class_init对方法进行初始化。rtpbin就是gstreamer中定义的一个element：

static void
kms_base_rtp_endpoint_init (KmsBaseRtpEndpoint * self)
{
self->priv->rtpbin = gst_element_factory_make ("rtpbin", NULL);//create an element
  g_signal_connect (self->priv->rtpbin, "request-pt-map",
      G_CALLBACK (kms_base_rtp_endpoint_rtpbin_request_pt_map), self);

  g_signal_connect (self->priv->rtpbin, "pad-added",
      G_CALLBACK (kms_base_rtp_endpoint_rtpbin_pad_added), self);

  g_signal_connect (self->priv->rtpbin, "on-new-ssrc",
      G_CALLBACK (kms_base_rtp_endpoint_rtpbin_on_new_ssrc), self);
  g_signal_connect (self->priv->rtpbin, "on-ssrc-sdes",
      G_CALLBACK (kms_base_rtp_endpoint_rtpbin_on_ssrc_sdes), self);
  g_signal_connect (self->priv->rtpbin, "on-bye-ssrc",
      G_CALLBACK (kms_base_rtp_endpoint_rtpbin_on_bye_ssrc), self);
  g_signal_connect (self->priv->rtpbin, "on-bye-timeout",
      G_CALLBACK (kms_base_rtp_endpoint_rtpbin_on_bye_timeout), self);
  g_signal_connect (self->priv->rtpbin, "new-jitterbuffer",
      G_CALLBACK (kms_base_rtp_endpoint_rtpbin_new_jitterbuffer), self);

  g_signal_connect (self->priv->rtpbin, "on-timeout",
      G_CALLBACK (kms_base_rtp_endpoint_rtpbin_on_timeout), self);

  g_signal_connect (self->priv->rtpbin, "on-ssrc-active",
      G_CALLBACK (kms_base_rtp_endpoint_rtpbin_on_ssrc_active), self);

  g_signal_connect (self->priv->rtpbin, "request-aux-receiver",
      G_CALLBACK (kms_base_rtp_endpoint_rtpbin_request_aux_receiver), self);
  g_signal_connect (self->priv->rtpbin, "request-aux-sender",
      G_CALLBACK (kms_base_rtp_endpoint_rtpbin_request_aux_sender), self);
}
static void
kms_base_rtp_endpoint_class_init (KmsBaseRtpEndpointClass * klass)
{
  base_endpoint_class = KMS_BASE_SDP_ENDPOINT_CLASS (klass);
  base_endpoint_class->create_session_internal =
      kms_base_rtp_endpoint_create_session_internal;
  base_endpoint_class->start_transport_send =
      kms_base_rtp_endpoint_start_transport_send;
  base_endpoint_class->connect_input_elements =
      kms_base_rtp_endpoint_connect_input_elements;

 这个"rtpbin"来自于gstreamer中的gst-plugins-good中的gstrtpbin.c。
 创建了element之后还不行，媒体流的数据处理需要靠创建src，sink这样的pad，这些概念是在kms在创建session之后创建的。session什么时候创建的呢？BaseRtpEndpointImpl::postConstructor ()中调用了SdpEndpointImpl::postConstructor ()。

void SdpEndpointImpl::postConstructor ()
{
  gchar *sess_id;
  SessionEndpointImpl::postConstructor ();

  g_signal_emit_by_name (element, "create-session", &sess_id);

  if (sess_id == nullptr) {
    throw KurentoException (SDP_END_POINT_CANNOT_CREATE_SESSON,
                            "Cannot create session");
  }
  sessId = std::string (sess_id);
  g_free (sess_id);
}

 这个信号发射之后，c层就会调用kms_base_sdp_endpoint_create_session创建session，创建相应的pad。在C层可以看到KmsBaseRtpEndpoint也继承了KmsBaseSdpEndpoint。说白了，kurento中C++中的继承关系，映射到C层结构体，也是相对应的继承关系。

struct _KmsBaseRtpEndpoint
{
  KmsBaseSdpEndpoint parent;

  KmsBaseRtpEndpointPrivate *priv;
};

 下面，我们来到kmsdpendpoint.c中看看其中的方法(函数)。

static void
kms_base_sdp_endpoint_class_init (KmsBaseSdpEndpointClass * klass)
{
//...
  klass->create_session = kms_base_sdp_endpoint_create_session;
  klass->release_session = kms_base_sdp_endpoint_release_session;

  /* Media handler management */
  klass->create_media_handler = kms_base_sdp_endpoint_create_media_handler_impl;

  klass->create_session_internal =
      kms_base_sdp_endpoint_create_session_internal;
  klass->start_transport_send = kms_base_sdp_endpoint_start_transport_send;
  klass->connect_input_elements = kms_base_sdp_endpoint_connect_input_elements;

  klass->configure_media = kms_base_sdp_endpoint_configure_media_impl;

  klass->generate_offer = kms_base_sdp_endpoint_generate_offer;
  klass->process_offer = kms_base_sdp_endpoint_process_offer;
  klass->process_answer = kms_base_sdp_endpoint_process_answer;
  klass->get_local_sdp = kms_base_sdp_endpoint_get_local_sdp;
  klass->get_remote_sdp = kms_base_sdp_endpoint_get_remote_sdp;

  /* Signals initialization */
  kms_base_sdp_endpoint_signals[SIGNAL_CREATE_SESSION] =
      g_signal_new ("create-session",
      G_TYPE_FROM_CLASS (klass),
      G_SIGNAL_ACTION | G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST,
      G_STRUCT_OFFSET (KmsBaseSdpEndpointClass, create_session), NULL,
      NULL, __kms_core_marshal_STRING__VOID, G_TYPE_STRING, 0);

  kms_base_sdp_endpoint_signals[SIGNAL_RELEASE_SESSION] =
      g_signal_new ("release-session",
      G_TYPE_FROM_CLASS (klass),
      G_SIGNAL_ACTION | G_SIGNAL_RUN_LAST,
      G_STRUCT_OFFSET (KmsBaseSdpEndpointClass, release_session), NULL,
      NULL, __kms_core_marshal_BOOLEAN__STRING, G_TYPE_BOOLEAN, 1,
      G_TYPE_STRING);
//...
}

pad，sink的创建：

void
kms_base_rtp_session_start_transport_send (KmsBaseRtpSession * self,
    gboolean offerer)
{
    if (!kms_base_rtp_session_configure_media_connection (self, handler, neg_media,
            rem_media, offerer)) {
      GST_WARNING_OBJECT (self, "Cannot configure connection for media (id=%u)", i);
    }
}
static gboolean
kms_base_rtp_session_configure_media_connection (KmsBaseRtpSession * self,
    KmsSdpMediaHandler * handler, const GstSDPMedia * neg_media,
    const GstSDPMedia * remote_media, gboolean offerer)
{
  return kms_base_rtp_session_add_gst_connection_elements (self, handler,
      neg_media, active);
}
static gboolean
kms_base_rtp_session_add_gst_connection_elements (KmsBaseRtpSession * self,
    KmsSdpMediaHandler * handler, const GstSDPMedia * media, gboolean active)
{
kms_base_rtp_session_add_gst_basic_elements (self, conn, media, active);
}
static void
kms_base_rtp_session_add_gst_basic_elements (KmsBaseRtpSession * self,
    KmsIRtpConnection * conn, const GstSDPMedia * media, gboolean active)
{
  kms_i_rtp_connection_add (conn, GST_BIN (self), active);
  kms_i_rtp_connection_sink_sync_state_with_parent (conn);

  kms_base_rtp_session_link_gst_connection_sink (self, conn, media);
  kms_base_rtp_session_link_gst_connection_src (self, conn, media);

  kms_i_rtp_connection_src_sync_state_with_parent (conn);
}
//最终创建pad的函数
static void
kms_base_rtp_session_link_gst_connection_sink (KmsBaseRtpSession * self,
    KmsIRtpConnection * conn, const GstSDPMedia * media)
{
  GstPad *src, *sink;

  /* RTP */
  src = kms_i_rtp_session_manager_request_rtp_src (self->manager, self, media);
  sink = kms_i_rtp_connection_request_rtp_sink (conn);//这里使用了gobject中接口的概念，就是预留的函数指针，需要开发者去实现
  kms_base_rtp_session_link_pads (src, sink);
  /* RTCP */
  src = kms_i_rtp_session_manager_request_rtcp_src (self->manager, self, media);
  sink = kms_i_rtp_connection_request_rtcp_sink (conn);
kms_base_rtp_session_link_pads (src, sink);
}

 这里用到了接口的概念，可以参考[1]。这里的接口在kmsrtpconection.c，kmswebrtcconnection.c中均有实现。例如kms_rtp_connection_request_rtp_sink。
 问题来了，这个connection是什么时候创建的？函数kms_base_rtp_session_start_transport_send何时被调用？我翻了会代码，在kmssdpagent中kms_sdp_agent_create_answer_impl中。翻翻代码，感觉有点晕，用C实现的面向对象，到处是回调，让我如何不晕。kmssdpagent个人感觉就是接收用户的sdp消息，在有新的用户时候sdp offer时候，将之前的sdp消息answer给对方。

static GstSDPMessage *
kms_sdp_agent_create_answer_impl (KmsSdpAgent * agent, GError ** error)
{
  answer = kms_sdp_agent_generate_answer (agent,
      agent->priv->remote_description, error);
}

static GstSDPMessage *
kms_sdp_agent_generate_answer (KmsSdpAgent * agent,
    const GstSDPMessage * offer, GError ** error)
{
  success = sdp_utils_for_each_media (offer,
      (GstSDPMediaFunc) create_media_answer, &data);
}
static gboolean
create_media_answer (const GstSDPMedia * media, struct SdpAnswerData *data)
{
  kms_sdp_agent_fire_on_answer_callback (data->agent,
      sdp_handler->sdph->handler, answer_media);
}
static void
kms_sdp_agent_fire_on_answer_callback (KmsSdpAgent * agent,
    KmsSdpMediaHandler * handler, GstSDPMedia * media)
{
  if (agent->priv->callbacks.callbacks.on_media_answer != NULL) {
    agent->priv->callbacks.callbacks.on_media_answer (agent, handler,
        media, agent->priv->callbacks.user_data);
  }
}
static void
on_media_answer_cb (KmsSdpAgent * agent, KmsSdpMediaHandler * handler,
    GstSDPMedia * media, gpointer user_data)
{
  KmsSdpSession *session = KMS_SDP_SESSION (user_data);

  GST_LOG_OBJECT (session, "Answer media");

  kms_base_sdp_endpoint_configure_media (agent, handler, media, user_data);
}
static gboolean
kms_base_sdp_endpoint_configure_media (KmsSdpAgent * agent,
    KmsSdpMediaHandler * handler, GstSDPMedia * media, gpointer user_data)
{
  return base_sdp_endpoint_class->configure_media (sess->ep, sess, handler,
      media);
}
//base_sdp_endpoint_class->configure_media是个可配置的函数，使用不同的协议就要创建不同的connection，
//例如在kmsrtpendpoint.c就是这个：
static gboolean
kms_rtp_endpoint_configure_media (KmsBaseSdpEndpoint * base_sdp_endpoint,
    KmsSdpSession * sess, KmsSdpMediaHandler * handler, GstSDPMedia * media)
{
  conn = kms_rtp_endpoint_get_connection (KMS_RTP_ENDPOINT (base_sdp_endpoint),
      sess, handler, media);
}
//在webrtcendpoin就是kms_webrtc_endpoint_configure_media

 回到第二个问题，kms_base_rtp_session_start_transport_send的调用。

static GstSDPMessage *
kms_base_sdp_endpoint_process_offer (KmsBaseSdpEndpoint * self,
    const gchar * sess_id, GstSDPMessage * offer)
{
  answer = kms_sdp_session_process_offer (sess, offer);
  kms_base_sdp_endpoint_start_media (self, sess, FALSE);
}
static void
kms_base_sdp_endpoint_start_media (KmsBaseSdpEndpoint * self,
    KmsSdpSession * sess, gboolean offerer)
{
  base_sdp_endpoint_class->start_transport_send (self, sess, offerer);
}

 另外一个问题就是，RTP数据流是从哪里接收上来的？且听下次分解。《gstreamer网络数据流的接收》

[1]GObject 学习笔记汇总---接口的模拟