android opengl es 变形效果
这个小程序需要的三个txt文本文件在被粘在示例图后面， 此变形效果程序分为以下四个类
(1)Morphing 除主功能外在本程序中还有按键处理及返回InputStream
(2)MyRenderer 负责绘制
(3)OBJECT 三维物体类
(4)VERTEX 三维顶点类
从最简单的VERTEX 类开始，可见此类主要映射三维各顶点
package sim.feel;
/**
* 三维顶点类
* @author Sim
*/
public class VERTEX {
float x, y, z;
public VERTEX(float x, float y, float z) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.z = z;
}
}
接下来是OBJECT类此声明了顶点数及将x,y,z保存到一个List中
package sim.feel;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 三维物体类
*
* @author Sim
*/
public class OBJECT {
// 顶点数
int verts;
List
}
接下来是Morphing类，此类则是按键处理与返回InputStream
package sim.feel;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.res.AssetManager;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.WindowManager;
public class Morphing extends Activity {
private MyRenderer myRenderer = new MyRenderer();
private GLSurfaceView glSurfaceView;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
// 无标题栏
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
// 全屏
getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
new LoadFile(getResources());
glSurfaceView = new GLSurfaceView(this);
glSurfaceView.setRenderer(myRenderer);
setContentView(glSurfaceView);
}
@Override
public boolean onKeyUp(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
return myRenderer.onKeyUp(keyCode, event);
}
}
// 返回File的InputStream
class LoadFile {
public static Resources res;
public LoadFile(Resources resources) {
LoadFile.res = resources;
}
public static InputStream getFile(String name) {
AssetManager am = LoadFile.res.getAssets();
try {
return am.open(name);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
}
最后就是我们的MyRenderer类，它是最复杂的一个类，主要包含了加载txt文本文件，按键，及三个要实现的方法
package sim.feel;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;
import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;
import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;
import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView.Renderer;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
public class MyRenderer implements Renderer {
// X,Y,Z轴的旋转角度
private float xrot, yrot, zrot;
// X,Y,Z 轴的旋转速度
private float xspeed, yspeed, zspeed;
// 物体的位置
private float cx, cy, cz = -15;
// 随机
private Random random = new Random();
// 变换的步数
private int step = 0, steps = 200;
// 是否使用变形
private boolean morph = false;
// verticesBuffer
FloatBuffer verticesBuffer;
// colorsBuffer
FloatBuffer colorsBuffer;
// vertices
private float[] vertices = new float[486];
// colors
private float[] colors = new float[486];
// 我们的四个物体，帮助物体,原物体，目标物体
OBJECT morph1 = new OBJECT();
OBJECT morph2 = new OBJECT();
OBJECT morph3 = new OBJECT();
OBJECT morph4 = new OBJECT();
OBJECT helper = new OBJECT();
OBJECT sour = new OBJECT();
OBJECT dest = new OBJECT();
// LoadBuffer
public void LoadBuffer() {
ByteBuffer verticesByteBuffer = ByteBuffer
.allocateDirect(vertices.length * 9 * 4);
verticesByteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
verticesBuffer = verticesByteBuffer.asFloatBuffer();
verticesBuffer.put(vertices);
verticesBuffer.position(0);
ByteBuffer colorsByteBuffer = ByteBuffer
.allocateDirect(colors.length * 4 * 12);
colorsByteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
colorsBuffer = colorsByteBuffer.asFloatBuffer();
colorsBuffer.put(colors);
colorsBuffer.position(0);
}
@Override
public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {
LoadBuffer();
// 清除屏幕和深度缓存
gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
// 重置模型变换矩阵
gl.glLoadIdentity();
gl.glTranslatef(cx, cy, cz);
// 旋转
gl.glRotatef(xrot, 1, 0, 0);
gl.glRotatef(yrot, 0, 1, 0);
gl.glRotatef(zrot, 0, 0, 1);
// 根据旋转速度，增加旋转角度
xrot += xspeed;
yrot += yspeed;
zrot += zspeed;
// 顶点临时变量
float tx, ty, tz;
// 保存中间计算的临时顶点
VERTEX q = new VERTEX(0, 0, 0);
// 启用顶点及颜色
gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, verticesBuffer);
gl.glColorPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, colorsBuffer);
// 绘制模型中的点
colorsBuffer.clear();
verticesBuffer.clear();
// 循环绘制模型1中的每一个顶点
for (int i = 0; i < morph1.verts; i++) {
// 如果启用变形，则计算中间模型
if (morph) {
q = calculate(i);
} else {
q.x = q.y = q.z = 0;
}
helper.points.get(i).x -= q.x;
helper.points.get(i).y -= q.y;
helper.points.get(i).z -= q.z;
// 保存计算结果到tx,ty,tz变量中
tx = helper.points.get(i).x;
ty = helper.points.get(i).y;
tz = helper.points.get(i).z;
colorsBuffer.put(0.0f);
colorsBuffer.put(1.0f);
colorsBuffer.put(1.0f);
colorsBuffer.put(1.0f);
verticesBuffer.put(tx);
verticesBuffer.put(ty);
verticesBuffer.put(tz);
colorsBuffer.put(0.0f);
colorsBuffer.put(0.5f);
colorsBuffer.put(1.0f);
colorsBuffer.put(1.0f);
// 如果启用变形，则绘制2步后的顶点
tx -= 2 * q.x;
ty -= 2 * q.y;
ty -= 2 * q.y;
verticesBuffer.put(tx);
verticesBuffer.put(ty);
verticesBuffer.put(tz);
colorsBuffer.put(0.0f);
colorsBuffer.put(0.0f);
colorsBuffer.put(1.0f);
colorsBuffer.put(1.0f);
tx -= 2 * q.x;
ty -= 2 * q.y;
ty -= 2 * q.y;
verticesBuffer.put(tx);
verticesBuffer.put(ty);
verticesBuffer.put(tz);
}
gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_POINTS, 0, morph1.verts * 3);
// 禁用顶点及颜色
gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
if (morph && step <= steps) {
step++;
} else {
morph = false;
sour = dest;
step = 0;
}
gl.glFinish();
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
float ratio;
if (height == 0) {
height = 1;
}
ratio = (float) width / (float) height;
gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);
gl.glLoadIdentity();
gl.glFrustumf(-ratio, ratio, -1, 1, 2.0f, 100.0f);
gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);
gl.glLoadIdentity();
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
// 设置半透明模式
gl.glBlendFunc(GL10.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL10.GL_ONE);
// 设置清除色为黑色
gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0);
// 设置深度缓存中值为1
gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);
// 设置深度测试函数
gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LESS);
// 启用深度测试
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
// 设置着色模式为光滑着色
gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);
// 精细修正
gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL10.GL_NICEST);
objload("sphere.txt", morph1);
objload("torus.txt", morph2);
objload("tube.txt", morph3);
for (int i = 0; i < 486; i++) {
float xx = ((float) (rand() % 14000) / 1000) - 7;
float yy = ((float) (rand() % 14000) / 1000) - 7;
float zz = ((float) (rand() % 14000) / 1000) - 7;
morph4.points.add(new VERTEX(xx, yy, zz));
}
objload("sphere.txt", helper);
sour = dest = morph1;
}
// 随机数
public int rand() {
return Math.abs(random.nextInt());
}
// 计算第i个顶点每次变换的位移
public VERTEX calculate(int i) {
VERTEX a = new VERTEX(0, 0, 0);
a.x = (sour.points.get(i).x - dest.points.get(i).x) / steps;
a.y = (sour.points.get(i).y - dest.points.get(i).y) / steps;
a.z = (sour.points.get(i).z - dest.points.get(i).z) / steps;
return a;
}
// 读取文件顶点数
public String readstr(BufferedReader br) {
String str = "";
// 因为第一行为注释，所以此方法读取的是第二行
do {
try {
str = br.readLine();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} while ((str.charAt(0) == '/') || (str.charAt(0) == '/n'));
return str;
}
// 将所有顶点装载到List就是points中
public void objload(String name, OBJECT k) {
int ver = 0;
String oneline;
int i;
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
LoadFile.getFile(name)));
// 读出顶点数
oneline = readstr(br);
ver = Integer.parseInt(oneline);
k.verts = ver;
for (i = 0; i < ver; i++) {
oneline = readstr(br);
String part[] = oneline.trim().split("//s+");
float x = Float.parseFloat(part[0]);
float y = Float.parseFloat(part[1]);
float z = Float.parseFloat(part[2]);
VERTEX vertex = new VERTEX(x, y, z);
k.points.add(vertex);
}
}
// 按键处理
public boolean onKeyUp(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
switch (keyCode) {
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_1:
if (!morph) {
morph = true;
dest = morph1;
}
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_2:
if (!morph) {
morph = true;
dest = morph2;
}
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_3:
if (!morph) {
morph = true;
dest = morph3;
}
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_4:
if (!morph) {
morph = true;
dest = morph4;
}
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_N:
zspeed += 0.01f;// 增加绕z轴旋转的速度
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_M:
zspeed -= 0.01f;// 减少绕z轴旋转的速度
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_Q:
cz -= 0.01f;// 向屏幕里移动
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_Z:
cz += 0.01f;// 向屏幕外移动
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_W:
cy += 0.01f;// 向上移动
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_S:
cy -= 0.01f;// 向下移动
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_D:
cx += 0.01f;// 向右移动
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_A:
cx -= 0.01f;// 向左移动
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_UP:
xspeed -= 0.01f;// 减少绕x轴旋转的速度
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN:
xspeed += 0.01f;// 增加绕x轴旋转的速度
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_LEFT:
yspeed -= 0.01f;// 减少沿y轴旋转的速度
break;
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_RIGHT:
yspeed += 0.01f;// 增加沿y轴旋转的速度
break;
}
return false;
}
}
本程序示例:
三个文本文体的数据:
(1)sphere.txt
//Vertices
486
-0.106 1.593 2.272
-0.106 2.036 2.228
-0.193 2.028 2.228
-0.276 2.002 2.228
-0.353 1.961 2.228
-0.420 1.906 2.228
-0.475 1.839 2.228
-0.516 1.763 2.228
-0.541 1.679 2.228
-0.550 1.593 2.228
-0.541 1.506 2.228
-0.516 1.423 2.228
-0.475 1.347 2.228
-0.420 1.280 2.228
-0.353 1.224 2.228
-0.276 1.183 2.228
-0.193 1.158 2.228
-0.106 1.150 2.228
-0.020 1.158 2.228
0.063 1.183 2.228
0.140 1.224 2.228
0.207 1.280 2.228
0.262 1.347 2.228
0.303 1.423 2.228
0.328 1.506 2.228
0.337 1.593 2.228
0.328 1.679 2.228
0.303 1.763 2.228
0.262 1.839 2.228
0.207 1.906 2.228
0.140 1.961 2.228
0.063 2.002 2.228
-0.020 2.028 2.228
-0.106 2.462 2.099
-0.276 2.446 2.099
-0.439 2.396 2.099
-0.589 2.316 2.099
-0.721 2.208 2.099
-0.829 2.076 2.099
-0.910 1.926 2.099
-0.959 1.763 2.099
-0.976 1.593 2.099
-0.959 1.423 2.099
-0.910 1.260 2.099
-0.829 1.110 2.099
-0.721 0.978 2.099
-0.589 0.870 2.099
-0.439 0.790 2.099
-0.276 0.740 2.099
-0.106 0.724 2.099
0.063 0.740 2.099
0.226 0.790 2.099
0.377 0.870 2.099
0.508 0.978 2.099
0.616 1.110 2.099
0.697 1.260 2.099
0.746 1.423 2.099
0.763 1.593 2.099
0.746 1.763 2.099
0.697 1.926 2.099
0.616 2.076 2.099
0.508 2.208 2.099
0.377 2.316 2.099
0.226 2.396 2.099
0.063 2.446 2.099
-0.106 2.855 1.889
-0.353 2.831 1.889
-0.589 2.759 1.889
-0.808 2.642 1.889
-0.999 2.485 1.889
-1.156 2.294 1.889
-1.273 2.076 1.889
-1.344 1.839 1.889
-1.369 1.593 1.889
-1.344 1.347 1.889
-1.273 1.110 1.889
-1.156 0.892 1.889
-0.999 0.700 1.889
-0.808 0.544 1.889
-0.589 0.427 1.889
-0.353 0.355 1.889
-0.106 0.331 1.889
0.140 0.355 1.889
0.377 0.427 1.889
0.595 0.544 1.889
0.786 0.700 1.889
0.943 0.892 1.889
1.060 1.110 1.889
1.131 1.347 1.889
1.156 1.593 1.889
1.131 1.839 1.889
1.060 2.076 1.889
0.943 2.294 1.889
0.786 2.485 1.889
0.595 2.642 1.889
0.377 2.759 1.889
0.140 2.831 1.889
-0.106 3.199 1.606
-0.420 3.168 1.606
-0.721 3.077 1.606
-0.999 2.929 1.606
-1.242 2.729 1.606
-1.442 2.485 1.606
-1.591 2.208 1.606
-1.682 1.906 1.606
-1.713 1.593 1.606
-1.682 1.280 1.606
-1.591 0.978 1.606
-1.442 0.700 1.606
-1.242 0.457 1.606
-0.999 0.257 1.606
-0.721 0.109 1.606
-0.420 0.017 1.606
-0.106 -0.013 1.606
0.207 0.017 1.606
0.508 0.109 1.606
0.786 0.257 1.606
1.029 0.457 1.606
1.229 0.700 1.606
1.378 0.978 1.606
1.469 1.280 1.606
1.500 1.593 1.606
1.469 1.906 1.606
1.378 2.208 1.606
1.229 2.485 1.606
1.029 2.729 1.606
0.786 2.929 1.606
0.508 3.077 1.606
0.207 3.168 1.606
-0.106 3.482 1.262
-0.475 3.446 1.262
-0.829 3.338 1.262
-1.156 3.164 1.262
-1.442 2.929 1.262
-1.677 2.642 1.262
-1.852 2.316 1.262
-1.959 1.961 1.262
-1.995 1.593 1.262
-1.959 1.224 1.262
-1.852 0.870 1.262
-1.677 0.544 1.262
-1.442 0.257 1.262
-1.156 0.022 1.262
-0.829 -0.152 1.262
-0.475 -0.260 1.262
-0.106 -0.296 1.262
0.262 -0.260 1.262
0.616 -0.152 1.262
0.943 0.022 1.262
1.229 0.257 1.262
1.464 0.544 1.262
1.639 0.870 1.262
1.746 1.224 1.262
1.782 1.593 1.262
1.746 1.961 1.262
1.639 2.316 1.262
1.464 2.642 1.262
1.229 2.929 1.262
0.943 3.164 1.262
0.616 3.338 1.262
0.262 3.446 1.262
-0.106 3.692 0.869
-0.516 3.651 0.869
-0.910 3.532 0.869
-1.273 3.338 0.869
-1.591 3.077 0.869
-1.852 2.759 0.869
-2.046 2.396 0.869
-2.165 2.002 0.869
-2.205 1.593 0.869
-2.165 1.183 0.869
-2.046 0.790 0.869
-1.852 0.427 0.869
-1.591 0.109 0.869
-1.273 -0.152 0.869
-0.910 -0.346 0.869
-0.516 -0.466 0.869
-0.106 -0.506 0.869
0.303 -0.466 0.869
0.697 -0.346 0.869
1.060 -0.152 0.869
1.378 0.109 0.869
1.639 0.427 0.869
1.833 0.790 0.869
1.952 1.183 0.869
1.992 1.593 0.869
1.952 2.002 0.869
1.833 2.396 0.869
1.639 2.759 0.869
1.378 3.077 0.869
1.060 3.338 0.869
0.697 3.532 0.869
0.303 3.651 0.869
-0.106 3.821 0.443
-0.541 3.778 0.443
-0.959 3.651 0.443
-1.344 3.446 0.443
-1.682 3.168 0.443
-1.959 2.831 0.443
-2.165 2.446 0.443
-2.292 2.028 0.443
-2.335 1.593 0.443
-2.292 1.158 0.443
-2.165 0.740 0.443
-1.959 0.355 0.443
-1.682 0.017 0.443
-1.344 -0.260 0.443
-0.959 -0.466 0.443
-0.541 -0.592 0.443
-0.106 -0.635 0.443
0.328 -0.592 0.443
0.746 -0.466 0.443
1.131 -0.260 0.443
1.469 0.017 0.443
1.746 0.355 0.443
1.952 0.740 0.443
2.079 1.158 0.443
2.122 1.593 0.443
2.079 2.028 0.443
1.952 2.446 0.443
1.746 2.831 0.443
1.469 3.168 0.443
1.131 3.446 0.443
0.746 3.651 0.443
0.328 3.778 0.443
-0.106 3.865 -0.000
-0.550 3.821 -0.000
-0.976 3.692 -0.000
-1.369 3.482 -0.000
-1.713 3.199 -0.000
-1.995 2.855 -0.000
-2.205 2.462 -0.000
-2.335 2.036 -0.000
-2.378 1.593 -0.000
-2.335 1.150 -0.000
-2.205 0.724 -0.000
-1.995 0.331 -0.000
-1.713 -0.013 -0.000
-1.369 -0.296 -0.000
-0.976 -0.506 -0.000
-0.550 -0.635 -0.000
-0.106 -0.679 -0.000
0.337 -0.635 -0.000
0.763 -0.506 -0.000
1.156 -0.296 -0.000
1.500 -0.013 -0.000
1.782 0.331 -0.000
1.992 0.724 -0.000
2.122 1.150 -0.000
2.165 1.593 -0.000
2.122 2.036 -0.000
1.992 2.462 -0.000
1.782 2.855 -0.000
1.500 3.199 -0.000
1.156 3.482 -0.000
0.763 3.692 -0.000
0.337 3.821 -0.000
-0.106 3.821 -0.443
-0.541 3.778 -0.443
-0.959 3.651 -0.443
-1.344 3.446 -0.443
-1.682 3.168 -0.443
-1.959 2.831 -0.443
-2.165 2.446 -0.443
-2.292 2.028 -0.443
-2.335 1.593 -0.443
-2.292 1.158 -0.443
-2.165 0.740 -0.443
-1.959 0.355 -0.443
-1.682 0.017 -0.443
-1.344 -0.260 -0.443
-0.959 -0.466 -0.443
-0.541 -0.592 -0.443
-0.106 -0.635 -0.443
0.328 -0.592 -0.443
0.746 -0.466 -0.443
1.131 -0.260 -0.443
1.469 0.017 -0.443
1.746 0.355 -0.443
1.952 0.740 -0.443
2.079 1.158 -0.443
2.122 1.593 -0.443
2.079 2.028 -0.443
1.952 2.446 -0.443
1.746 2.831 -0.443
1.469 3.168 -0.443
1.131 3.446 -0.443
0.746 3.651 -0.443
0.328 3.778 -0.443
-0.106 3.692 -0.869
-0.516 3.651 -0.869
-0.910 3.532 -0.869
-1.273 3.338 -0.869
-1.591 3.077 -0.869
-1.852 2.759 -0.869
-2.046 2.396 -0.869
-2.165 2.002 -0.869
-2.205 1.593 -0.869
-2.165 1.183 -0.869
-2.046 0.790 -0.869
-1.852 0.427 -0.869
-1.591 0.109 -0.869
-1.273 -0.152 -0.869
-0.910 -0.346 -0.869
-0.516 -0.466 -0.869
-0.106 -0.506 -0.869
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(2)torus.txt
//Vertices
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