新SAT写作中的文字分享 2两种论证手段的分析与阐释

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Adapted from Robert Redford, “Robert Redford: Protect Our Wild Horses” 2014 by USA Today. Originally published November 3, 2014.

Paragraph 10

The BLM needs to comply with its original “multiple use” principle in managing wild horses and burros. In light of the inequitable share of livestock on BLM land, the on-going persecution of wild horses and those that value them is unacceptable and threatens the very spirit of the American West. I urge Congress to stand up for much needed reform of the BLM’s wild horses and burro program and livestock grazing on federal lands.

① argumentation tool: juxtaposition

将经济的长期发展在于保持生物生态系统的多样性（A事情）与人们忽视生物多样性保护的必要性（B事情）放在一起（juxtaposition）, 提醒读者， 对野马不及时采取保护措施就意味着破坏经济的长远发展。

② argumentation tool; allusion

“the very spirit of the American West”象征着公平，平等，作者提到the spirit of the American West用来强调野生马的遭遇不公平对待，这不仅仅是野生马保护的问题，这同时更是国民精神的问题，这样，通过暗指的论证手段，作者将问题的量级又提高了一个量级，进一步说服读者要保护野生马。

③sample:

Finally, Redford adds more power/credibility to his persuasion through using/employing allusion. In paragraph 10, when reemphasizing the wrongness/unreasonableness of maligning and mistreating wild horses, he alludes to “the very spirit of American West”, which stands for fairness and equity. By saying that “ the on-going persecution of wild horses...threaten the very spirit of American West”, Redford is not only indicating the mistreatment of wild horses is  unfair but also expanding the magnitude of the issue. He is elevating a wild horse issue to the level of national spirit. In this way/As such, he makes it difficult for the Congress to stay indifferent to the victimized wild horses, because the likelihood that this issue would erode the spirit of American West is something that Congress cannot afford to fester. By alluding to the spirit of American West to heighten the gravity/severity of the wild horse issue, Redford makes his argument in favor of protecting/preserving wild horses more convincing/Redford lends support to his argument in favor of preserving wild horses.