Spring Boot 初级入门教程（四） —— 代码测试配置（附源码）

在项目开发中，测试环节是非常重要的，所以选择好的代码测试工具也显得尤为重要。

首先，基于前三篇的代码，先修改一些 Jar 包的版本，都用目前最新版本（强迫症！！！）。

junit 版本修改：3.8.1 -》 4.12

spring boot 版本修改：1.4.2.RELEASE -》 2.0.2.RELEASE

修改后 pom 文件如下：

	4.0.0

	com.menglanglang
	test-springboot
	0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
	jar

	test-springboot
	http://blog.csdn.net/tzhuwb

	
		UTF-8
	

	
		
			junit
			junit
			4.12
			test
		

		
		
			org.springframework.boot
			spring-boot-starter-web
			2.0.2.RELEASE
		

		
		
			org.springframework.boot
			spring-boot-devtools
			2.0.2.RELEASE
			true
		
	

	
		
			
			
				org.springframework.boot
				spring-boot-maven-plugin
				
					
					true
				
			
		
	

	
	
	
		
			spring-snapshots
			http://repo.spring.io/snapshot
			
				true
			
		
		
			spring-milestones
			http://repo.spring.io/milestone
		
	
	
		
			spring-snapshots
			http://repo.spring.io/snapshot
		
		
			spring-milestones
			http://repo.spring.io/milestone
		
	

一、使用 Junit 测试方法

创建 controller 包，并创建 TestController.java 测试类，代码如下：

package com.menglanglang.test.springboot.controller;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @desc Controller测试类
 *
 * @author 孟郎郎
 * @blog http://blog.csdn.net/tzhuwb
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2018年5月26日上午8:14:53
 */
@RestController
public class TestController {

	@Test
	public void test() {
		System.out.println("测试方法test()");
	}

}

右键 -》Run as -》 JUnit Test。

在控制台查看结果，输出为：

测试方法test()

二、添加 spring-boot-starter-test 依赖包

在 pom 中添加依赖包，代码如下：

		
		
			org.springframework.boot
			spring-boot-starter-test
			2.0.2.RELEASE
			test
		

三、修改测试类 TestController.java

修改原测试类，添加 Spring Boot 注解，支持测试。

package com.menglanglang.test.springboot.controller;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @desc Controller测试类
 *
 * @author 孟郎郎
 * @blog http://blog.csdn.net/tzhuwb
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2018年5月26日上午8:14:53
 */
@RestController
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class TestController {

	@Test
	public void test() {
		System.out.println("测试方法test()");
	}

}

在控制台查看结果，输出为：

10:47:22,789 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback-test.xml]
10:47:22,789 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback.groovy]
10:47:22,789 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Found resource [logback.xml] at [file:/D:/workspace/workspace-sts-3.9.4.RELEASE-x86/test-springboot/target/classes/logback.xml]
10:47:22,842 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - debug attribute not set
10:47:22,842 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - About to instantiate appender of type [ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender]
10:47:22,848 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - Naming appender as [STDOUT]
10:47:22,854 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.NestedComplexPropertyIA - Assuming default type [ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder] for [encoder] property
10:47:22,897 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - About to instantiate appender of type [ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender]
10:47:22,900 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - Naming appender as [baselog]
10:47:22,908 |-INFO in c.q.l.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy@21617358 - No compression will be used
10:47:22,909 |-INFO in c.q.l.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy@21617358 - Will use the pattern log/base.log.%d.%i for the active file
10:47:22,911 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP@397ed7 - The date pattern is 'yyyy-MM-dd' from file name pattern 'log/base.log.%d.%i'.
10:47:22,912 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP@397ed7 - Roll-over at midnight.
10:47:22,916 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP@397ed7 - Setting initial period to Sat May 26 10:47:06 CST 2018
10:47:22,916 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP@397ed7 - SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP is deprecated. Use SizeAndTimeBasedRollingPolicy instead
10:47:22,916 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP@397ed7 - For more information see http://logback.qos.ch/manual/appenders.html#SizeAndTimeBasedRollingPolicy
10:47:22,918 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.NestedComplexPropertyIA - Assuming default type [ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder] for [encoder] property
10:47:22,920 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender[baselog] - Active log file name: log/base.log
10:47:22,920 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender[baselog] - File property is set to [log/base.log]
10:47:22,921 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.RootLoggerAction - Setting level of ROOT logger to INFO
10:47:22,921 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderRefAction - Attaching appender named [STDOUT] to Logger[ROOT]
10:47:22,922 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.LoggerAction - Setting level of logger [com.menglanglang.test.springboot] to DEBUG
10:47:22,922 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderRefAction - Attaching appender named [baselog] to Logger[com.menglanglang.test.springboot]
10:47:22,922 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - End of configuration.
10:47:22,922 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.JoranConfigurator@10ab905 - Registering current configuration as safe fallback point

2018-05-26 10:47:23,057 INFO (AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:308)- Neither @ContextConfiguration nor @ContextHierarchy found for test class [com.menglanglang.test.springboot.controller.TestController], using SpringBootContextLoader
2018-05-26 10:47:23,063 INFO (AbstractContextLoader.java:264)- Could not detect default resource locations for test class [com.menglanglang.test.springboot.controller.TestController]: no resource found for suffixes {-context.xml, Context.groovy}.
2018-05-26 10:47:23,064 INFO (AnnotationConfigContextLoaderUtils.java:83)- Could not detect default configuration classes for test class [com.menglanglang.test.springboot.controller.TestController]: TestController does not declare any static, non-private, non-final, nested classes annotated with @Configuration.
2018-05-26 10:47:23,186 INFO (SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:244)- Found @SpringBootConfiguration com.menglanglang.test.springboot.App for test class com.menglanglang.test.springboot.controller.TestController
2018-05-26 10:47:23,311 INFO (AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:248)- Loaded default TestExecutionListener class names from location [META-INF/spring.factories]: [org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.ResetMocksTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.restdocs.RestDocsTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.client.MockRestServiceServerResetTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MockMvcPrintOnlyOnFailureTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebDriverTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.jdbc.SqlScriptsTestExecutionListener]
2018-05-26 10:47:23,325 INFO (AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:177)- Using TestExecutionListeners: [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener@1f9b85e, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener@4e1977, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoTestExecutionListener@d68fcd, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@17e949d, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener@1b9f5a4, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.ResetMocksTestExecutionListener@18edcc5, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.restdocs.RestDocsTestExecutionListener@102881e, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.client.MockRestServiceServerResetTestExecutionListener@bd319f, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MockMvcPrintOnlyOnFailureTestExecutionListener@be339, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebDriverTestExecutionListener@1ca7889]

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.0.2.RELEASE)

2018-05-26 10:47:23,610 INFO (StartupInfoLogger.java:50)- Starting TestController on LangLang-PC with PID 7800 (started by LangLang in D:\workspace\workspace-sts-3.9.4.RELEASE-x86\test-springboot)
2018-05-26 10:47:23,611 DEBUG (StartupInfoLogger.java:53)- Running with Spring Boot v2.0.2.RELEASE, Spring v5.0.6.RELEASE
2018-05-26 10:47:23,613 INFO (SpringApplication.java:659)- No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2018-05-26 10:47:23,649 INFO (AbstractApplicationContext.java:590)- Refreshing org.springframework.web.context.support.GenericWebApplicationContext@519cb4: startup date [Sat May 26 10:47:23 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-05-26 10:47:24,671 INFO (AbstractUrlHandlerMapping.java:373)- Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-05-26 10:47:24,873 INFO (RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:574)- Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.web.context.support.GenericWebApplicationContext@519cb4: startup date [Sat May 26 10:47:23 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-05-26 10:47:24,974 INFO (AbstractHandlerMethodMapping.java:547)- Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2018-05-26 10:47:24,977 INFO (AbstractHandlerMethodMapping.java:547)- Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2018-05-26 10:47:25,000 INFO (AbstractUrlHandlerMapping.java:373)- Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-05-26 10:47:25,000 INFO (AbstractUrlHandlerMapping.java:373)- Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2018-05-26 10:47:25,397 INFO (StartupInfoLogger.java:59)- Started TestController in 2.021 seconds (JVM running for 2.908)
测试方法test()
2018-05-26 10:47:25,492 INFO (AbstractApplicationContext.java:993)- Closing org.springframework.web.context.support.GenericWebApplicationContext@519cb4: startup date [Sat May 26 10:47:23 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy

到此，Spring Boot 测试支持添加完毕。

源码下载：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1uOjOHeuPWG3my9VaHVI8Wg