通过Python调用OpenStack 的RESTful API

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使用openstack api 可用python sdk ，需要部署相应组件的命令客户端，例如请求nova,需要python-novaclient 

实际上是加入了novaclient 的库

 

1. root@ubuntu:~# ll /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/novaclient/

2. auth_plugin.py base.pyc crypto.py exceptions.pyc __init__.py service_catalog.py shell.pyc utils.pyc

3. auth_plugin.pyc client.py crypto.pyc extension.py __init__.pyc service_catalog.pyc tests/ v1_1/

4. base.py client.pyc exceptions.py extension.pyc openstack/ shell.py utils.py v3/

如果请求glance,neutron 组件，同样需部署其组件的命令行客户端

 

为了避免部署，可以通过调用restful api 来实现, 了解     openstack restful api 

python 调用restful api 其实用了urllib2 来实现，这个库一般的系统都会自带，import urllib2 即可，下面贴出一些例子

一，通过认证

 

1. def curl_keystone():

2.     url = 'http://192.168.12.1:35357/v2.0/tokens'

3.     values = {"auth":{"passwordCredentials":{"username":"admin","password":"password"},"tenantName":"admin"}}

4.     params = json.dumps(values)

5.     headers = {"Content-type":"application/json","Accept": "application/json"}

6.     req = urllib2.Request(url, params, headers)

7.     response = urllib2.urlopen(req)

8.     data = response.read()

9.     ddata=json.loads(data)

10.     token = ddata['access']['token']['id']

11.     return token

二，查询 IP

 

 

1. def curl_nova_addr(id):

2. """

3. :param id: vm id

4. :Restore vm ip address.

5. """

6. xtoken = curl_keystone()

7. url = 'http://192.168.12.1:8774/v2/2996e46c2519415d8de2b141d6c607ba/servers/'+id

8. headers = {"Content-type":"application/json","Accept": "application/json"}

9. req = urllib2.Request(url)

10. req.add_header('X-Auth-Token',xtoken)

11. response = urllib2.urlopen(req)

12. data = response.read()

13. ddata=json.loads(data)

14. net = ddata['server']['addresses']['sharednet1']

15. addr = net[0]['addr']

16. return addr

三，通过name 查询id

 

 

1. def curl_nova_id(name):

2. """

3. :param name: Something to name the server.

4. :Restore vm id.

5. """

6. ID=""

7. xtoken = curl_keystone()

8. url = 'http://192.168.12.1:8774/v2/2996e46c2519415d8de2b141d6c607ba/servers'

9. headers = {"Content-type":"application/json","Accept": "application/json"}

10. req = urllib2.Request(url)

11. req.add_header('X-Auth-Token',xtoken)

12. response = urllib2.urlopen(req)

13. data = response.read()

14. ddata=json.loads(data)

15. list=ddata['servers']

16. print len(list)

17. print list

18. for i in list:

19. if(i['name'] == name):

20. ID= i['id']

21. return ID

 

知道了如何通过urllib2 发送请求的方式，就可以轻松调用openstack 了

更多 restful api 的使用，请参考  http://developer.openstack.org/api-ref-compute-v2.1.html  ，包括了各个组件的 restful api  详解