java面试-synchronized与lock有什么区别?

1、原始构成:

synchronized是关键字,属于JVM层面,底层是由一对monitorenter和monitorexit指令实现的。

ReentrantLock是一个具体类,是API层面的锁。

2、使用方法:

synchronized不需要用户手动释放锁,当synchronized代码块执行完成后,系统会自动让线程释放对锁的占用

ReentrantLock需要用户手动释放锁,若没有手动释放可能导致死锁现象。

3、等待是否可中断:

synchronized不可中断,除非抛出异常或者正常运行完成

ReentrantLock可中断

4、加锁是否公平:

synchronized非公平锁

ReentrantLock两者都可以,默认是非公平锁。

5、锁绑定多个条件Condition:

synchronized没有。

ReentrantLock可用来分组唤醒需要唤醒的线程。而不是像synchronized要么随机唤醒一个线程,要么唤醒所有线程。

 题目:多线程之间按顺序调用,实现A->B->C三个线程启动,要求如下

* AA打印5次,BB打印10次,CC打印15次
* 紧接着
* AA打印5次,BB打印10次,CC打印15次
* 来10轮
class ShareResource {
    private int number = 1;
    private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    private Condition condition1 = lock.newCondition();
    private Condition condition2 = lock.newCondition();
    private Condition condition3 = lock.newCondition();

    public void print5() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (number != 1) {
                condition1.await();
            }
            for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + i);
            }
            number = 2;
            condition2.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }


    public void print10() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (number != 2) {
                condition2.await();
            }
            for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + i);
            }
            number = 3;
            condition3.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }


    public void print15() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (number != 3) {
                condition3.await();
            }
            for (int i = 1; i <= 15; i++) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + i);
            }
            number = 1;
            condition1.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

public class SyncAndReentrantLockDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ShareResource shareResource = new ShareResource();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                shareResource.print5();
            }
        }, "AAA").start();

        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                shareResource.print10();
            }
        }, "BBB").start();

        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                shareResource.print15();
            }
        }, "CCC").start();
    }
}

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wjh123/p/11129548.html

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