2.6 RIPv2路由汇总
实验目的：
1、掌握RIPv2的路由汇总。
实验拓扑：
实验步骤：
1、依据图中拓扑配置各设备的IP地址，并保证直连连通性;
在R1上做如下配置：
R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int f1/0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#ip address 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int loopback 1
R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
R1(config-if)#exit
在R2上做如下配置：
R2(config)#int f0/0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int f1/0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int loopback 1
R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
R2(config-if)#exit
在R3上做如下配置
R3(config)#int f0/0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#ip address 13.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config-if)#int f1/0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#ip address 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#int loopback 1
R3(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#int loopback 2
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0 secondary[PL1]
R3(config-if)#exit
在其中一台路由器上进行连通性测试：
R1#ping 12.1.1.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.1.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/34/48 ms
R1#ping 13.1.1.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 13.1.1.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/31/48 ms
此时说明直连连接没有问题。
2.在每台路由器开始进行RIPv2的配置，R1的配置如下：
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#version 2
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
R1(config-router)#network 12.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#network 13.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#network 1.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#exit
R2的配置如下：
R2(config)#router rip
R2(config-router)#version 2
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#network 12.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#network 23.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#network 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#exit
R3的配置如下：
R3(config)#router rip
R3(config-router)#version 2
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#network 13.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#network 23.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#network 3.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0[PL2]
R3(config-router)#exit
在R1和R2上查看路由表，R1上：
R1#show ip route rip
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 2.2.2.0 [120/1] via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:19, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 3.3.3.3 [120/1] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/0
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 23.1.1.0 [120/1] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/0
[120/1] via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:19, FastEthernet0/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
R 172.16.0.0 [120/1] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/0
R 172.16.1.0 [120/1] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/0
R 172.16.2.0 [120/1] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/0
R 172.16.3.0 [120/1] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:27, FastEthernet1/0
R2上 :
R2#show ip route rip
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 1.1.1.1 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 3.3.3.3 [120/1] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:14, FastEthernet1/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
R 172.16.0.0 [120/1] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:14, FastEthernet1/0
R 172.16.1.0 [120/1] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:14, FastEthernet1/0
R 172.16.2.0 [120/1] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:14, FastEthernet1/0
R 172.16.3.0 [120/1] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:14, FastEthernet1/0
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 13.1.1.0 [120/1] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:14, FastEthernet1/0
可以看到R1和R2从R3学到4条精细子网；
3.为了缩小路由表，提高路由器转发效率，在R3上执行路由汇总，配置如下：
R3(config)#int f0/0
R3(config-if)#ip summary-address rip 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0[PL3]
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#int f1/0
R3(config-if)#ip summary-address rip 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0[PL4]
R3(config-if)#exit
再到R1和R2上查看路由表，如下：
R1#show ip route rip
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 2.2.2.0 [120/1] via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 3.3.3.3 [120/1] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:01, FastEthernet1/0
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 23.1.1.0 [120/1] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:01, FastEthernet1/0
[120/1] via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/0
172.16.0.0/22 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 172.16.0.0 [120/1] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:01, FastEthernet1/0
R2#show ip route rip
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 1.1.1.1 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 3.3.3.3 [120/1] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:13, FastEthernet1/0
172.16.0.0/22 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 172.16.0.0 [120/1] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:13, FastEthernet1/0
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 13.1.1.0 [120/1] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:13, FastEthernet1/0
[120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:18, FastEthernet0/0
可以看到，原来的4条精细路由已经变成一条汇总路由，路由表的体积变小，达到路由汇总的目的，此实验完成。
[PL1]Secondary表示从地址或者辅助地址，通过此参数可以在同一接口下配置多个IP地址，简化配置。
[PL2]宣告主类网络号，此时将172.16.0.0所在子网路由全部通告出去。
[PL3]172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0为4条精细网段的汇总网段。
[PL4]RIPv2路由汇总在接口下执行，并且需要在多个接口同时执行，否则精细路由会从其他接口“溜走”
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