完整的android开发环境搭建和源代码编译过程

 

参考网站：

http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html

http://source.android.com/source/

本人在Ubuntu 10.04 LTS系统 32位机上安装编译Android2.3源码，其步骤和注意事项如下：

 

1.安装JDK6

对于Android2.3系统，不要安装JDK5，应该安装最新的JDK6。

如果安装了JDK6，Android会自动按64位编译，如果系统是32位的，会有编译错误，后面会说如何修改这个错误。

$ sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

添加deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy multiverse到文件末尾

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jdk

出现如下信息，选择Y.开始安装

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree      

Reading state information... Done

The following extra packages will be installed:

 gsfonts-x11 java-common odbcinst odbcinst1debian1 sun-java6-bin

 sun-java6-jre unixodbc

Suggested packages:

 default-jre equivs sun-java6-demo sun-java6-doc sun-java6-source

 sun-java6-fonts sun-java6-plugin ia32-sun-java6-plugin ttf-kochi-gothic

 ttf-sazanami-gothic ttf-kochi-mincho ttf-sazanami-mincho ttf-wqy-zenhei

 libmyodbc odbc-postgresql tdsodbc unixodbc-bin

The following NEW packages will be installed:

 gsfonts-x11 java-common odbcinst odbcinst1debian1 sun-java6-bin

 sun-java6-jdk sun-java6-jre unixodbc

0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 219 not upgraded.

Need to get 43.6MB of archives.

After this operation, 131MB of additional disk space will be used.

Do you want to continue [Y/n]?

中途会出现menu_config界面，通过“TAB”键选择YES继续，直到安装完成

最后会发现安装在：/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/目录下面

安装完后，需要手动设置JAVA_HOME, JRE_HOME, CLASS_PATH为JDK6的安装路径。

JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun

JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre

export ANDROID_JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME

export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH

export JAVA_PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${JRE_HOME}/bin

export JAVA_HOME;

export JRE_HOME;

export CLASSPATH;

HOME_BIN=~/bin/

export PATH=${PATH}:${JAVA_PATH}:${JRE_HOME}:${HOME_BIN};

2.安装开发过程中需要的一此开发包，命令如下所示：

$ sudo apt-get install git-core gnupg valgrind flex bison gperf libsdl-dev libesd0-dev libwxgtk2.6-dev build-essential zip curl libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev

3.安装Repo

$ mkdir ~/bin

$ PATH=~/bin:$PATH

$ curl https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/googlesource/git-repo/repo > ~/bin/repo

$ chmod a+x ~/bin/repo

刚开始执行curl https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/googlesource/git-repo/repo > ~/bin/repo会出现如下错误：

root@ubuntu:~ curl https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/googlesource/git-repo/repo > ~/bin/repo

--2013-04-21 04:30:42-- https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/googlesource/git-repo/repo

Resolving dl-ssl.google.com... 74.125.128.91, 74.125.128.93, 74.125.128.136, ...

Connecting to dl-ssl.google.com|74.125.128.91|:443... failed: Connection refused.

Connecting to dl-ssl.google.com|74.125.128.93|:443... failed: Connection timed out.

Connecting to dl-ssl.google.com|74.125.128.136|:443... failed: Connection timed out.

Connecting to dl-ssl.google.com|74.125.128.190|:443... failed: Connection timed out.

Connecting to dl-ssl.google.com|2404:6800:4005:c00::5d|:443... failed: Network is unreachable.

解决办法：

打开 gedit /etc/hosts

添加如下红色加粗内容：

127.0.0.1localhost

127.0.1.1     ubuntu

74.125.237.1   dl-ssl.google.com

然后重复上述操作，出一如下，说明下载成功

root@ubuntu:~#curl https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/googlesource/git-repo/repo > ~/bin/repo

--2013-04-21 05:52:13-- https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/googlesource/git-repo/repo

Resolving dl-ssl.google.com... 74.125.237.1

Connecting to dl-ssl.google.com|74.125.237.1|:443... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 22889 (22K) [application/octet-stream]

Saving to: `repo'

 

100%[==============================================================================================================================>] 22,889     95.1K/s  in 0.2s   

 

2013-04-21 05:52:15 (95.1 KB/s) - `repo' saved [22889/22889]

4.下载android源码

USER-NAME@MACHINE-NAME:~$ mkdir Android

USER-NAME@MACHINE-NAME:~$ cd Android

USER-NAME@MACHINE-NAME:~/Android$

repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-2.3.1_r1 USER-NAME@MACHINE-NAME:~/Android$ repo sync

$ mkdir ~/bin

$ export PATH=~/bin:$PATH

$ curl http://Android.git.kernel.org/repo > ~/bin/repo

$ chmod a+x ~/bin/repo

在执行repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-2.3.1_r1

时出现如下错误:

fatal: git 1.7.2 or later required

解决办法：

执行如下操作：

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:git-core/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install git

 

重新执行repo init -uhttps://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-2.3.1_r1又出现如下错误

error.GitError: manifests var:

*** Please tell me who you are.

 

Run

 

 git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

 git config --global user.name "Your Name"

 

to set your account's default identity.

Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.

 

fatal: unable to auto-detect email address (got 'root@ubuntu.(none)')

 

根据提示，如下执行：

root@ubuntu:/opt/work/android/source# git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

root@ubuntu:/opt/work/android/source# git config --global user.name "qiuyigui"

重新执行repo init -uhttps://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-2.3.1_r1出现如下提示，选择y

Your identity is: qiuyigui

If you want to change this, please re-run 'repo init' with --config-name

 

Testing colorized output (for 'repo diff', 'repo status'):

 black   red      green   yellow   blue    magenta  cyan     white

 bold    dim      ul      reverse

Enable color display in this user account (y/N)? y

这回初始化成功了，最后会显示：

repo has been initialized in /opt/work/android/source

输入：repo sync开始下载源代码

error: Failed to connect to 2404:6800:4008:c00::52: Network is unreachable while accessing https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack

fatal: HTTP request failed

error: Failed to connect to 2404:6800:4008:c00::52: Network is unreachable while accessing https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack

fatal: HTTP request failed

 

curl: (7) Failed to connect to 2404:6800:4008:c00::52: Network is unreachable

 

curl: (7) Failed to connect to 2404:6800:4008:c00::52: Network is unreachable

 

curl: (7) Failed to connect to 2404:6800:4008:c00::52: Network is unreachable

 

curl: (7) Failed to connect to 2404:6800:4008:c00::52: Network is unreachable

error: Failed to connect to 2404:6800:4008:c00::52: Network is unreachable while accessing https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bootable/bootloader/legacy/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack

fatal: HTTP request failed

error: Failed to connect to 2404:6800:4008:c00::52: Network is unreachable while accessing https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bootable/recovery/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack

fatal: HTTP request failed

解决办法：

1.浏览器登录https://android.googlesource.com/new-password，并用gmail帐号登录（去谷歌注册）；

2.点击网页上的“允许访问”，得到类似

1 machine android.googlesource.com login git-.gmail.com password   2 machine android-review.googlesource.com login git-.gmail.com password

3.把上面那段信息追加到~/.netrc文件结尾(请检查当前用户的权限,如果不存在此文件则自己新建一个)；

4.下载地址的URI更改为https://android.googlesource.com/a/platform/manifest（中间加上了“/a”）。

5. repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/a/platform/manifest -b android-2.3.3_r1

6. repo sync

即可下Android源码。

官方的说法是：因为访问基本是匿名的，为了防止连接过多(指内网/虚拟机)，对同一IP地址的连接数做了一定的限制。看来是用gmail帐号进行认证。

这样的话，在公司网络内或者用虚拟机下载的话，会经常遇到这问题。

 

下载期间经常会出现如下错误：

出现这样情况时，等回到命令提示符时，继续输入(android支持断点续传)：

repo sync

重复上述操作

最后出现如下显示，表明下载成功了：

这一步持续时间很长，整个源码+SDK共5G左右，我是下载了一个晚上才搞定，网速不给力啊。。。

5.编译Android2.3

先export Android_JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME

$ cd ~/Android2.3

$ make -j4

 

 

在make的时候会提示出错：

(一)

************************************************************

You are attempting to build on a 32-bit system.

Only 64-bit build environments are supported beyond froyo/2.2.

************************************************************

因为Android2.3默认是64位的系统上编译，需要手动修改build/core/main.mk，把这个判断部分注释掉：

#ifneq (64,$(findstring 64,$(build_arch)))

#$(warning ************************************************************)

#$(warning You are attempting to build on a 32-bit system.)

#$(warning Only 64-bit build environments are supported beyond froyo/2.2.)

#$(warning ************************************************************)

#$(error stop)

#endif

（二）

重新make，如果是安装了JDK6版本，会又报错：

Docs droiddoc: out/target/common/docs/api-stubs

Could not load ‘clearsilver-jni’

java.library.path = out/host/linux-x86/lib

make: *** [out/target/common/docs/api-stubs-timestamp] Error 45

make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs….

Could not load ‘clearsilver-jni’

java.library.path = out/host/linux-x86/lib

make: *** [out/target/common/docs/doc-comment-check-timestamp] Error 45

这是由于clearsilver在编译时如果检测到使用Java JDK 6，就使用64位编译，因为Google的一个员工更新了几个文件。这里可以看到详细的修改记录：http://android.git.kernel.org/?p=platform/external/clearsilver.git;a=commitdiff;h=d36910a8110d8377b22301274d2b5131a732a72b

修改这几个文件，该回到32位编译环境即可：

external/clearsilver/cgi/Android.mk

external/clearsilver/java-jni/Android.mk

external/clearsilver/util/Android.mk

external/clearsilver/cs/Android.mk

把编译选项-m64改成-m32即可

重新make,大概不到一个小时就make完了。