junit 4只是简单的加了一个@Test,程序是怎么跑起来的

    在写测试用例的时候,突然很疑惑,为什么我只是加了一个@Test的注解,就能运行一个程序。我们知道,main方法才是一个java程序的起点。那junit4的测试用例是怎么跑起来的呢。

为了解决这个疑惑,我就自己写测试用例debug调试了下。

    测试用例如下:

package com.onlyou.olyfinance.remote.base;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests;

/**
 * 模拟dubbo消费端远程调用进行测试
 * Created by cd_huang on 2016/12/26.
 */
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {
		"classpath:test/spring/appCtx-dubbo.xml" })
public class BaseServiceTestRemote extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests {
	@Test
	public void testRun() {
		System.out.println("run~~~~~~");
	}
}

      用intellij运行后,在System.out.println("run~~~~~~")处设置断点,然后我们直接看方法调用:

"main@1" prio=5 tid=0x1 nid=NA runnable
  java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
	  at com.onlyou.olyfinance.remote.base.BaseServiceTestRemote.testRun(BaseServiceTestRemote.java:16)
	  at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-1)
	  at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	  at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
	  at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	  at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	  at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
	  at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	  at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:74)
	  at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:83)
	  at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
	  at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
	  at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88)
	  at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
	  at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
	  at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
	  at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
	  at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
	  at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
	  at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
	  at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
	  at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
	  at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:160)
	  at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:119)
	  at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:42)
	  at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:234)
	  at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:74)

     程序的起点:at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:74)。

说明是IDE的集成了junit插件,这也是为什么我们没有些main方法为什么能运行程序的原因。

看一下JUnitCore的run()方法:

 

public Result run(Runner runner) {
        Result result = new Result();
        RunListener listener = result.createListener();
        fNotifier.addFirstListener(listener);
        try {
            fNotifier.fireTestRunStarted(runner.getDescription());
            runner.run(fNotifier);
            fNotifier.fireTestRunFinished(result);
        } finally {
            removeListener(listener);
        }
        return result;
    }
 debug 后查看 runner的实际类型是 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner

 

junit 4只是简单的加了一个@Test,程序是怎么跑起来的_第1张图片
 那么,
SpringJUnit4ClassRunner这个类是怎么来的。

我们的测试用例的父类是抽象类AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests,源码如下:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@TestExecutionListeners({ DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class, DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class })
public abstract class AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests implements ApplicationContextAware {
 ...
}

    也就是,ide的junit插件在运行时会实例化@RunWith注解对应的类,把测试用例的类和方法的信息附带上。

然后中间有很多的代码,比如去获得@Rule,@Before,@After等Statement配置去实用junit的强大功能。

最终就是通过反射调用我们的测试用例。

    由于本人水平有限,没有对junit4做更较真的研究,有兴趣了解更多的人可以看这篇博客:http://www.jianshu.com/p/ad524e211ef3

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