ubuntu16.04使用prebuilt binaries 方法安装点云库PCL

网上的许多PCL安装教程都提到网络原因导致按官网教程无法成功安装PCL，因而提出使用源码安装之。不久前在服务器上成功用prebuilt文件安装了PCL，今天在另一台电脑上却装不上。

思来想去可能是更换了软件源的原因（更换软件源的方法网上很多，这里不再叙述），做了个简单的实验测试，实验见下文。得出结论官网（源网址http://pointclouds.org/downloads/linux.html）所示用prebuilt安装的方法可行。

当我选用以下阿里云软件源时，/etc/apt/sources.list内容如下

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

输入命令，如安装PCL依赖库的命令之一sudo apt-get install libvtk5.10-qt4 libvtk5.10 libvtk5-dev，显示结果如下图

当我仅将软件源修改为如下ubuntu 16.04系统预置的软件源时（更换软件源时请注意备份^_^）

#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20190227)]/ xenial main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse

输入相同命令，显示结果如下

出现了下载对应软件模块的界面（忽略截图中的无用内容，当时没截到有用信息）

修改好软件源后，安装过程见下文

官网列出的ubuntu14.04的PCL所需命令如下。

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:v-launchpad-jochen-sprickerhof-de/pcl
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libpcl-all

在安装过程中则提示了ubuntu16.04安装输入的命令与14.04略有不同，列如下。

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:v-launchpad-jochen-sprickerhof-de/pcl
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libpcl-dev

输入上文的官网命令可以直接一步完成PCL安装。

PCL安装过程中遇到的其他问题
一、库文件libGL.so或libEGL.so无法链接

解决问题可分为以下几部分
1.寻找该文件是否存在。

ls /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu | grep -i libegl

2.若存在损坏的libGL.so文件，删除之。

3.将libGL.so.1文件链接到libGL.so文件上。
输入命令ls -l /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1
即可解决问题。

二、Ubuntu16.04安装pcl出现cannot find -lvtkproj4错误
在CMakeList.txt文件的add_excutable(..)语句前添加如下语句

list(REMOVE_ITEM PCL_LIBRARIES "vtkproj4")