老生常谈Handler

Handler、Looper、MessageQueue、ThreadLocal源码详解及之间的联系

这是第一篇自己分享的源码解读,凡事都有第一步,从现在开始吧!这几个知识点都被网上炒的有点烂了,你要说你没看过他们的源码,你都不好意思说自己做过android。

老生常谈Handler_第1张图片
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Handler解读

1. 构造器
    Handler()
    Handler(Callback)
    Handler(Callback,boolean)
    Handler(Looper)
    Handler(Looper,Callback)
    Handler(Looper,Callback,boolean)
构造器中的几个参数,
Callback:方法 public boolean handleMessage(Message msg);
Looper:所在线程的Looper对象
boolean:是否是异步回调消息默认为false,即:post runnable

在构造其中Handler做了什么呢?我们来看一下
    检查潜在的泄漏FIND_POTENTIAL_LEAKS 
    初始化Looper对象
    初始化MessageQueue
    初始化Callback
    初始化mAsyynchronous
2. 关键方法:
    sendMessage(Message msg)
    sendMessageDelayed(Message msg, long delayMillis)
    sendMessageAtTime(Message msg, long uptimeMillis)
    enqueueMessage(MessageQueue queue, Message msg, long uptimeMillis)
    dispatchMessage(Message msg)
    postRunnable(Rnnable)
    removeCallbacksAndMessages(Object token)
这里主要讲dispatchMessage,
 public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
        if (msg.callback != null) {
            handleCallback(msg);
        } else {
            if (mCallback != null) {
                if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {
                    return;
                }
            }
            handleMessage(msg);
        }
    }

mCallback即为构造器中的callback
msg.callback即为runnable
handleMessage(msg)为Handler中的空实现方法
方法的处理逻辑为优先处理Message中的callback,其次处理构造其中的handleMessage回调,最后处理Handler中默认的handleMessage方法

Looper

1、构造器

   private Looper(boolean quitAllowed) {
        mQueue = new MessageQueue(quitAllowed);
        mThread = Thread.currentThread();
    }
初始化MessageQueue和当前线程

2、关键方法

 public static void prepare() {
        prepare(true);
}
    
    
 private static void prepare(boolean quitAllowed) {
        //quitAllowed参数为是否允许退出消息循环loop,如消息队列中消息为空,该值设置false,就会进入阻塞状态
        if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");
        }
        sThreadLocal.set(new Looper(quitAllowed));
}

这两个方法是将Looper对象设置到ThreadLocal中

  public static void prepareMainLooper() {
        prepare(false);
        synchronized (Looper.class) {
            if (sMainLooper != null) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("The main Looper has already been prepared.");
            }
            sMainLooper = myLooper();
        }
    }

初始化主线程的Lopper对象;

public static void loop() {
        final Looper me = myLooper();
        if (me == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("No Looper; Looper.prepare() wasn't called on this thread.");
        }
        final MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;

       。。。

        for (;;) {
        //该处如果quitAllowed为false就会进入阻塞状态
            Message msg = queue.next(); // might block
            if (msg == null) {
                // No message indicates that the message queue is quitting.
                return;
            }

            。。。

           
            try {
                msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);
            } finally {
                if (traceTag != 0) {
                    Trace.traceEnd(traceTag);
                }
            }

            msg.recycleUnchecked();
        }
    }

对于Looper的退出方法和quitAllowed有关:

 public void quit() {
        mQueue.quit(false);
}

这是MessageQueue中的方法
void quit(boolean safe) {
        if (!mQuitAllowed) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Main thread not allowed to quit.");
        }
        。。。
}

ThreadLocal

功能:保证了每一个线程都有自己的对象且唯一,Looper类就是利用了ThreadLocal的特性,保证每个线程只存在一个Looper对象。

    public T get() {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null) {
            ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);
            if (e != null)
                return (T)e.value;
        }
        return setInitialValue();
    }
    public void set(T value) {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null)
            map.set(this, value);
        else
            createMap(t, value);
    }
public void remove() {
         ThreadLocalMap m = getMap(Thread.currentThread());
         if (m != null)
             m.remove(this);
     }

源码中使用ThreadLocalMap进行实现,key为ThreadLocal对象的弱引用,ThreadLocal对象最好使用静态static修饰,可能会造成内存泄漏
原因:由于ThreadLocalMap的生命周期跟Thread一样长,如果没有手动删除对应key就会导致内存泄漏,解决方法每次调用都进行remove方法。

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