deepin15 安装的Anaconda3出现执行pip时报错ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip'

问题简述:

    环境为deepin15+Anaconda3-5.1.0,使用Anaconda3的pip安装一些python模块时报错ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip',但重新安装pip后问题依旧,发现/usr/share/Anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages中有pip的目录.

定位过程:

    在python命令行中打印sys.path如下:

['', '/usr/share/Anaconda3/lib/python36.zip', '/usr/share/Anaconda3/lib/python3.6', '/usr/share/Anaconda3/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload', '/usr/share/Anaconda3/lib/python3.6/dist-packages']

发现并未包含'/usr/share/Anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages'目录,使用strace python3.6(见strace python3.6部分日志.txt)发现读取了多个/usr/share/Anaconda3/lib/中的py文件,找出几个可疑的分析后最终发现是/usr/share/Anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site.py的问题:

For Debian and derivatives, this sys.path is augmented with directories

for packages distributed within the distribution. Local addons go

into /usr/local/lib/python/dist-packages, Debian addons

install into /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages.

/usr/lib/python/site-packages is not used.

if os.sep == '/' :

if 'VIRTUAL_ENV' in os.environ or sys.base_prefix != sys.prefix:

sitepackages.append(os.path.join(prefix, "lib" ,

"python" + sys.version[: 3 ],

"site-packages" ))

sitepackages.append(os.path.join(prefix, "local/lib" ,

"python" + sys.version[: 3 ],

"dist-packages" ))

sitepackages.append(os.path.join(prefix, "lib" ,

"python3" ,

"dist-packages" ))

# this one is deprecated for Debian

sitepackages.append(os.path.join(prefix, "lib" ,

"python" + sys.version[: 3 ],

"dist-packages" ))

else :

sitepackages.append(prefix)

sitepackages.append(os.path.join(prefix, "lib" , "site-packages" ))

解决方法:

    在/usr/share/Anaconda3/lib/python3.6目录下建一个文件夹dist-packages,并在此文件夹中建一个.pth后缀的文件,如site-packages.pth,内容为../site-packages(指向site-packages目录即可).