思科路由器PPOE client+NAT解决地址回流问题测试


一.测试拓扑:
思科路由器PPOE client+NAT解决地址回流问题测试_第1张图片
二.测试思路:
A.通过不设置方向的ip nat enable解决

---这种方式可以直接用公网IP地址访问,也可以用域名方式访问

---不幸的是思科不同的IOS,有的虽然有ip nat enable,但是实现不了同样的功能

---在有的版本中接口下干脆就不能输入ip nat enable

B.通过设置DNS域名为内网实际地址解决

---这种方式只适用于使用域名访问的方式

---如果是ASA防火墙可以通过NAT添加DNS参数,让修改DNS回包为内网地址解决

---如果客户端DNS为内部服务器,可以直接修改内部服务器DNS记录

---如果没有内部DNS服务器,可以让路由器同时作为DNS代理服务器,同时在它上面配置记录,将域名指向内部服务器的实际地址
三.基本配置:
A.R1:
interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 202.100.1.1 255.255.255.0
 no shutdown
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 202.100.1.2
B.R2:
1.接口配置:

interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 202.100.1.2 255.255.255.0
 no shutdown
interface Ethernet0/1
 no ip address
 no shutdown

2.DNS 服务器:

ip dns server

ip host R4.yuntian.cn 202.100.2.4

ip host R1.yuntian.cn 202.100.1.1

3.PPPOE Server配置:
aaa new-model
aaa authentication ppp default local
username cisco password 0 cisco


ip dhcp excluded-address 202.100.2.2

ip dhcp excluded-address 202.100.2.4

ip dhcp pool ppoe
   network 202.100.2.0 255.255.255.0
   default-router 202.100.2.2

bba-group pppoe TEST
 virtual-template 1

interface Virtual-Template1
 ip address 202.100.2.2 255.255.255.0
 peer default ip address dhcp-pool ppoe
 ppp authentication chap callin

 ppp ipcp dns 202.100.2.2
interface Ethernet0/1
 pppoe enable group TEST
C.R3:
1.接口配置:

interface Ethernet0/0
 no ip address
 no shutdown
interface Ethernet0/1
 ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0
 no shutdown
2.PPPOE Client配置:
interface e0/0
 pppoe enable group global
 pppoe-client dial-pool-number 1
interface Dialer0
 mtu 1492
 ip address negotiated
 encapsulation ppp
 dialer pool 1
 ppp chap hostname cisco
 ppp chap password 0 cisco

3.DHCP服务器:

ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.3
ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.4

ip dhcp pool client
   network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
   dns-server 202.100.2.2 

D.R4:

interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.0
 no shutdown

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.3

E.R5:

interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address DHCP
 no shutdown

---接口IP,默认网关,DNS都由DHCP分配

四.解决地址回流

---都是在R3上面配置

A.方法一:NVI
1.动态PAT配置:

ip access-list extended PAT
 permit ip 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 any

ip nat source list PAT interface Dialer0 overload

interface Ethernet0/1
 ip nat enable

interface Dialer0

 ip nat enable

2.静态NAT配置:

ip nat source static 192.168.1.4 202.100.2.4 extendable

3.测试:

---R5能通过R4映射后的公网地址访问R4

R5#telnet 202.100.2.4
Trying 202.100.2.4 ... Open


User Access Verification

Password:
R4>show users
    Line       User       Host(s)              Idle       Location
   0 con 0                UNKNOWN              00:00:16
*130 vty 0                idle                 00:00:00 202.100.2.3

  Interface    User               Mode         Idle     Peer Address

R4>

---R4也能通过R4映射后的公网地址访问R4

R4#telnet 202.100.2.4          
Trying 202.100.2.4 ... Open


User Access Verification

Password:
R4>show users
    Line       User       Host(s)              Idle       Location
   0 con 0                202.100.2.4          00:00:00
*131 vty 1                idle                 00:00:00 202.100.2.4

  Interface    User               Mode         Idle     Peer Address

R4>

---通过域名访问时会自动修改DNS记录回包(类似ASA的dns rewrite)

R5#ping R4.yuntian.cn

Translating "R4.yuntian.cn"...domain server (202.100.2.2) [OK]

Translating "R4.yuntian.cn"...domain server (202.100.2.2) [OK]

Translating "R4.yuntian.cn"...domain server (202.100.2.2) [OK]

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.4, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/32/52 ms
R5#
*Mar  1 02:13:40.991: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 192.168.1.4, dst 192.168.1.5
*Mar  1 02:13:41.047: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 192.168.1.4, dst 192.168.1.5
*Mar  1 02:13:41.087: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 192.168.1.4, dst 192.168.1.5
*Mar  1 02:13:41.095: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 192.168.1.4, dst 192.168.1.5
*Mar  1 02:13:41.139: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 192.168.1.4, dst 192.168.1.5
R5#

通过不同位置的抓包可以看出,路由器R3修改了DNS的回包,把公网地址修改为内网地址:

--在R2连接R3的接口抓包,可以看到DNS回复的是公网地址

wKioL1WH5X3S3UP2AAKaktHWSuc708.jpg


--但是在R3内网接口抓包,可以看到公网地址已经被修改为内网地址

思科路由器PPOE client+NAT解决地址回流问题测试_第2张图片

B.方法二:手工修改DNS记录

A.配置R3为DNS代理,并指定客户端DNS为自己

R3(config)#ip dns server
R3(config)#ip name-server 202.100.2.2
R3(config)#ip host R4.yuntian.cn 192.168.1.4

R3(config)#ip dhcp pool client
R3(dhcp-config)#dns-server 192.168.1.3

B.测试:

---R5关闭接口重新获取地址,再ping R4.yuntian.cn

R5#ping R4.yuntian.cn

Translating "R4.yuntian.cn"...domain server (192.168.1.3) [OK]

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.4, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/30/44 ms
R5#
*Mar  1 03:40:58.335: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 192.168.1.4, dst 192.168.1.6
*Mar  1 03:40:58.383: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 192.168.1.4, dst 192.168.1.6
*Mar  1 03:40:58.395: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 192.168.1.4, dst 192.168.1.6
*Mar  1 03:40:58.423: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 192.168.1.4, dst 192.168.1.6
R5#

这时在R3内网接口上面抓包,可以看到DNS的回包:

wKioL1WH8ADDeMeGAAJJ3TcLl4M102.jpg

这时因为路由器上面有该条记录,所以直接回复客户端,在外部dns抓包看不到DNS请求包

但是这时如果请求其他域名,外部DNS会有回包

R5#ping R1.yuntian.cn

Translating "R1.yuntian.cn"...domain server (192.168.1.3) [OK]

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 202.100.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 52/84/152 ms
R5#
*Mar  1 03:46:26.579: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 202.100.1.1, dst 192.168.1.6
*Mar  1 03:46:26.647: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 202.100.1.1, dst 192.168.1.6
*Mar  1 03:46:26.731: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 202.100.1.1, dst 192.168.1.6
*Mar  1 03:46:26.795: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 202.100.1.1, dst 192.168.1.6
*Mar  1 03:46:26.851: ICMP: echo reply rcvd, src 202.100.1.1, dst 192.168.1.6
R5#wKioL1WH8OLTyDApAAM4OaarM_0068.jpg

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