flutter plugin之路:flutter与原生交互传值OC/java版(一)

说在前头:flutter虽然很牛掰,但是目前很多功能或者插件的实现其实还是需要通过原生来实现,然后通过flutter和原生的交互传值实现数据的交换。
-本篇是flutter调用原生方法,然后原生执行完毕后返值给flutter
-由原生主动传值给flutter请看flutter plugin之路:flutter与原生交互传值OC/java版(二)
实现目标,flutter进行页面布局,画一个按钮,点击按钮调用原生平台的方法返回内容再用按钮小部件显示

本demo的github地址:https://github.com/iBinbro/flutterstudy
(补充了安卓java版,以OC为例作为分析,安卓java同理不做叙述了)
官方文档(英文凑活着看吧,大致意思还是能看懂的):https://flutter.io/docs/development/platform-integration/platform-channels

一、flutter端的实现

1.创建TwoCommunicate类(statefulwidget),
2._nativeCallBackValue是存放flutter和native相互通信的结果
3.创建通道标识,实现flutter调用native的方法
_communicateFunction
4.build方法实现布局,并添加点击事件来调用_communicateFunction方法

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'dart:async';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';

class TwoCommunicate extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _TwoCommunicateState createState() => _TwoCommunicateState();
}

class _TwoCommunicateState extends State {
  String _nativeCallBackValue = '等待原生传值';

  //交互的通道名称,flutter和native是通过这个标识符进行相互间的通信
  static const communicateChannel = MethodChannel('https://www.jianshu.com/u/ee3db73e5459');

  //异步执行调用原生方法,保持页面不卡住,因为调用原生的方法可能没实现会抛出异常,所以trycatch包住
  Future _communicateFunction(flutterPara) async {
    try {
      //原生方法名为callNativeMethond,flutterPara为flutter调用原生方法传入的参数,await等待方法执行
      final result = await communicateChannel.invokeMethod('callNativeMethond', flutterPara);
      //如果原生方法执行回调传值给flutter,那下面的代码才会被执行
      _nativeCallBackValue = result;
    } on PlatformException catch (e) {//抛出异常
      //flutter: PlatformException(001, 进入异常处理, 进入flutter的trycatch方法的catch方法)
      print(e);
    }
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text('text'),
      ),
      body: Container(
        padding: EdgeInsets.all(32.0),
        child: Center(
          child: Column(
            children: [
              MaterialButton(
                color: Colors.blue,
                child: Text(_nativeCallBackValue),
                onPressed: () {
                  _communicateFunction('flutter传值');
                  setState(() {});
                },
              ),
            ],
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

二、原生端iOS OC的实现,

先运行下工程,避免打开ios工程缺少文件,然后在工程目录进入ios文件夹,打开Runner.xcworkspace,使用xcode进行原生代码的编写

1.创建通道并实现通道的回调方法
2、在回调方法里获取flutter调取原生的方法名和传入的参数
3、利用回调方法里的result实现原生对flutter的传值

#include "AppDelegate.h"
#include "GeneratedPluginRegistrant.h"

@implementation AppDelegate

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application
    didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    
    __weak __typeof(self) weakself = self;
    
    FlutterViewController *controller = (FlutterViewController *)self.window.rootViewController;
    
    //通道标识,要和flutter端的保持一致
    FlutterMethodChannel *channel = [FlutterMethodChannel methodChannelWithName:@"https://www.jianshu.com/u/ee3db73e5459" binaryMessenger:controller];
    
    //flutter端通过通道调用原生方法时会进入以下回调
    [channel setMethodCallHandler:^(FlutterMethodCall * _Nonnull call, FlutterResult  _Nonnull result) {
        //call的属性method是flutter调用原生方法的方法名,我们进行字符串判断然后写入不同的逻辑
        if ([call.method isEqualToString:@"callNativeMethond"]) {
            
            //flutter传给原生的参数
            id para = call.arguments;
            
            NSLog(@"flutter传给原生的参数:%@", para);
            
            //获取一个字符串
            NSString *nativeFinalStr = [weakself getString];
            
            if (nativeFinalStr!=nil) {
                //把获取到的字符串传值给flutter
                result(nativeFinalStr);
            }else{
                //异常(比如改方法是调用原生的getString获取一个字符串,但是返回的是nil(空值),这显然是不对的,就可以向flutter抛出异常 进入catch处理)
                result([FlutterError errorWithCode:@"001" message:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"进入异常处理"] details:@"进入flutter的trycatch方法的catch方法"]);
            }
        }else{
            //调用的方法原生没有对应的处理  抛出未实现的异常
            result(FlutterMethodNotImplemented);
        }
    }];
    
    
    
  [GeneratedPluginRegistrant registerWithRegistry:self];
  // Override point for customization after application launch.
  return [super application:application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:launchOptions];
}

//返回一个字符串
- (NSString *)getString{
//    return nil;//返回nil进入异常的情景
    return @"原生传给flutter的值";
}

@end


附表:互相传值 不同平台间值类型的对应关系

Dart Android iOS
null null nil (NSNull when nested)
bool java.lang.Boolean NSNumber numberWithBool:
int java.lang.Integer NSNumber numberWithInt:
int, if 32 bits not enough java.lang.Long NSNumber numberWithLong:
double java.lang.Double NSNumber numberWithDouble:
String java.lang.String NSString
Uint8List byte[] FlutterStandardTypedData typedDataWithBytes:
Int32List int[] FlutterStandardTypedData typedDataWithInt32:
Int64List long[] FlutterStandardTypedData typedDataWithInt64:
Float64List double[] FlutterStandardTypedData typedDataWithFloat64:
List java.util.ArrayList NSArray
Map java.util.HashMap NSDictionary

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