mysql如何从全备文件中恢复单个库或者单个表

mysql如何从全备文件中恢复单个库或者单个表

　　在mysql dba的日常实际工作中，一个实例下有多个库，而我们常见的备份就是全库备份。那么问题就来了，如果需要恢复单个库或者单个表，怎么办了，网上有很多人都有多种方法，今天，我自己结合众多资料，将实践记录下来，以便供参考。

基本情况介绍：

mysql版本：mysql-5.5.36.tar.gz

操作系统：CentOS release 6.8 x64 (Final)

一、全库备份

[root@pre ~]# cat backup.sh 
#!/bin/bash
/home/mysql/mysql55_3310/bin/mysqldump --defaults-file=/usr/local/local.cnf -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384  --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick  | gzip >/home/dbbackup/all_database_bak_471_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz
[root@pre ~]# cat /usr/local/local.cnf 
[client]
host=localhost
port=3310
user=root
password=123456
socket=/home/mysql/mysql55_3310/data/mysql.sock
[root@pre ~]# sh backup.sh

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二、显示当前库

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db_log             |
| db_users           |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use db_log;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

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三、现在从全备文件中恢复db_log单个库

# 从全备份文件中将需要的库的建表语句和INSERT数据拿出来，然后再导入

[root@pre ~]# sed -n '/^-- Current Database: `db_log`/,/^-- Current Database: `/p' all_database_bak_471_2017-12-04_15_36_38.sql > db_log.sql &
# 导入库中
[root@pre ~]# /home/mysql/mysql55_3310/bin/mysql -uroot -p < db_log.sql &
mysql> use db_log;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+------------------------+
| Tables_in_db_log       |
+------------------------+
| api_online_logs        |
| onlinegame             |
| onlinegame_gamestats   |
| onlinegame_playerstats |
| onlinegame_type        |
| osa_menu_url           |
| osa_module             |
| osa_quick_note         |
| osa_sys_log            |
| osa_system             |
| osa_user               |
| osa_user_group         |
| sample                 |
| user_online            |
| user_psw_audit         |
+------------------------+
15 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

#  数据已经恢复了

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四、现在模拟恢复单个表的数据

# 先删除一个表： user_online

mysql> drop table user_online;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

# 1、从全备份中提取出该表的建表语句
[root@pre ~]# sed -e'/./{H;$!d;}' -e 'x;/CREATE TABLE `user_online`/!d;q' all_database_bak_471_2017-12-04_15_36_38.sql > user_online.sql &

# 2、提取该表的insert into语句
[root@pre ~]# grep -i 'INSERT INTO `user_online`'  all_database_bak_471_2017-12-04_15_36_38.sql >> user_online.sql & 

# 3、导入到对应的库中
[root@pre ~]# /home/mysql/mysql55_3310/bin/mysql -uroot -p <user_online.sql & 

# 4、查看数据
mysql> select count(*) from user_online;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|        9 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

# 已经恢复完毕

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转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/bjx2020/p/7988531.html