有一个有限缓冲区(这里用有名管道实现FIFO式缓冲区)和两个线程:生产者和消费者。它们不停地把产品放入缓冲区和从缓冲区中拿走产品。一个生产者在缓冲区满的时候必须等待,一个消费者在缓冲区空的时候也必须等待。
信号量的考虑:这里使用3个信号量avail和full分别用于解决生产者和消费者线程之间的同步问题,mutex是用于这两个线程之间的互斥问题。其中avail表示有界缓冲区中的空单元数初始值为N,full表示有界缓冲区非空单元数,初始值为0;mutex是互斥信号量,初始值为1。
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define MYFIFO "myfifo" //缓冲区有名管道
#define BUFFER_SIZE 3 //缓冲区单元数
#define UNIT_SIZE 5 //每个单元的大小
#define RUN_TIME 30 //运行时间
#define DELAY_TIME_LEVELS 5.0 //周期的最大值
int fd;
time_t end_time;
sem_t mutex,full,avail; //3个信号量
void *producer(void *arg) //生产者线程
{
int real_write;
int delay_time = 0;
while(time(NULL)
delay_time = (int)(rand() * DELAY_TIME_LEVELS/(RAND_MAX)/2.0)+1;
sleep(delay_time);
sem_wait(&avail); //p操作信号量avail和mutex
sem_wait(&mutex);
printf("/nProducer:delay = %d/n",delay_time);
if((real_write = write(fd,"hello",UNIT_SIZE)) == -1) //生产者写入数据
{
if(errno == EAGAIN)
{
printf("The FIFO has not been read yet.Please try later/n");
}
}
else
{
printf("Write %d to the FIFO/n",real_write);
}
sem_post(&full); //v操作信号量full和mutex
sem_post(&mutex);
}
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
void *customer(void *arg) //消费者线程
{
unsigned char read_buffer[UNIT_SIZE];
int real_read;
int delay_time;
while(time(NULL)
delay_time = (int)(rand()*DELAY_TIME_LEVELS/(RAND_MAX))+1;
sleep(delay_time);
sem_wait(&full); //p操作信号量full和mutex
sem_wait(&mutex);
memset(read_buffer,0,UNIT_SIZE);
printf("/nCustomer:delay = %d/n",delay_time);
if((real_read = read(fd,read_buffer,UNIT_SIZE)) == -1)
{
if(errno == EAGAIN)
{
printf("No data yet/n");
}
}
printf("Read %s from FIFO/n",read_buffer);
sem_post(&avail); //v操作信号量avail和mutex
sem_post(&mutex);
}
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
int main()
{
pthread_t thrd_prd_id,thrd_cst_id;
pthread_t mon_th_id;
int ret;
srand(time(NULL));
end_time = time(NULL) + RUN_TIME;
if((mkfifo(MYFIFO,O_CREAT|O_EXCL)<0)&&(errno!=EEXIST)) //创建有名管道
{
printf("Cannot create fifo/n");
return errno;
}
fd = open(MYFIFO,O_RDWR); //打开管道
if(fd == -1)
{
printf("Open fifo error/n");
return fd;
}
ret = sem_init(&mutex,0,1); //初始化互斥信号量为1
ret += sem_init(&avail,0,BUFFER_SIZE); //初始化avail信号量为n
ret += sem_init(&full,0,0); //初始化full信号量为0
if(ret != 0)
{
printf("Create producer thread error/n");
return ret;
}
ret = pthread_create(&thrd_prd_id,NULL,producer,NULL); //创建两个线程
if(ret!=0)
{
printf("Create producer thread error/n");
return ret;
}
ret = pthread_create(&thrd_cst_id,NULL,customer,NULL);
if(ret!=0)
{
printf("Create customer thread error/n");
return ret;
}
pthread_join(thrd_prd_id,NULL);
pthread_join(thrd_cst_id,NULL);
close(fd);
unlink(MYFIFO);
return 0;
}