B站极验登录学习 python + selenium

思路：1、获取原图和有缺口的图片 

           2、对比图片像素有不同的地方，获得滑动距离

           3、模拟人的操作滑动按钮

           参考：https://github.com/Python3WebSpider/CrackGeetest

import time
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
import base64
import re
from pycparser.c_ast import Goto
ACCOUNT = ''
PASSWORD = ''
BORDER = 8 #缺口位移
INIT_LEFT = 60


class CrackGeetest():
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://passport.bilibili.com/login'
        self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, 20)
        self.account = ACCOUNT
        self.password = PASSWORD
    
    def __del__(self):
        self.browser.close()
    
    def get_geetest_button(self):
        """
        获取初始验证按钮
        :return:
        """
        button = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'btn-login')))
        return button
    
    def get_position(self):
        """
        获取验证码位置
        :return: 验证码位置元组
        """
        img = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_canvas_bg')))
        time.sleep(2)
        location = img.location
        #size = 253,155
        size = img.size
        top, bottom, left, right = location['y'], location['y'] + size['height'], location['x'], location['x'] + size[
            'width']
        return (top, bottom, left, right)
    
    def get_screenshot(self):
        """
        获取网页截图
        :return: 截图对象
        """
        screenshot = self.browser.get_screenshot_as_png()
        screenshot = Image.open(BytesIO(screenshot))
        return screenshot
    
    def get_slider(self):
        """
        获取滑块
        :return: 滑块对象
        """
        slider = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_slider_button')))
        return slider
    
    def get_geetest_image(self, name='captcha.png'):
        """
        获取验证码图片
        :return: 图片对象
        """
        top, bottom, left, right = self.get_position()
        print('验证码位置', top, bottom, left, right)
        screenshot = self.get_screenshot()
        captcha = screenshot.crop((left, top, right, bottom))
        captcha.save(name)
        return captcha
    
    def open(self):
        """
        打开网页输入用户名密码
        :return: None
        """
        self.browser.get(self.url)
        account = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'login-username')))
        password = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'login-passwd')))
        account.send_keys(self.account)
        password.send_keys(self.password)
    
    def get_gap(self, image1, image2):
        """
        获取缺口偏移量
        :param image1: 不带缺口图片
        :param image2: 带缺口图片
        :return:
        """
        left = 60
        for i in range(left, image1.size[0]):
            for j in range(image1.size[1]):
                if not self.is_pixel_equal(image1, image2, i, j):
                    left = i
                    return left
        return left
    
    def is_pixel_equal(self, image1, image2, x, y):
        """
        判断两个像素是否相同
        :param image1: 图片1
        :param image2: 图片2
        :param x: 位置x
        :param y: 位置y
        :return: 像素是否相同
        """
        # 取两个图片的像素点
        pixel1 = image1.load()[x, y]
        pixel2 = image2.load()[x, y]
        threshold = 60
        if abs(pixel1[0] - pixel2[0]) < threshold and abs(pixel1[1] - pixel2[1]) < threshold and abs(
                pixel1[2] - pixel2[2]) < threshold:
            return True
        else:
            return False
    
    def get_track(self, distance):
        """
        根据偏移量获取移动轨迹
        :param distance: 偏移量
        :return: 移动轨迹
        """
        # 移动轨迹
        track = []
        # 当前位移
        current = 0
        # 减速阈值
        mid = distance * 4 / 5
        # 计算间隔
        t = 0.2
        # 初速度
        v = 0
        
        while current < distance:
            if current < mid:
                # 加速度为正2
                a = 2
            else:
                # 加速度为负3
                a = -3
            # 初速度v0
            v0 = v
            # 当前速度v = v0 + at
            v = v0 + a * t
            # 移动距离x = v0t + 1/2 * a * t^2
            move = v0 * t + 1 / 2 * a * t * t
            # 当前位移
            current += move
            # 加入轨迹
            track.append(round(move))
        return track
    
    def move_to_gap(self, slider, track):
        """
        拖动滑块到缺口处
        :param slider: 滑块
        :param track: 轨迹
        :return:
        """
        ActionChains(self.browser).click_and_hold(slider).perform()
        for x in track:
            ActionChains(self.browser).move_by_offset(xoffset=x, yoffset=0).perform()
        time.sleep(0.5)
        ActionChains(self.browser).release().perform()
    
    def login(self):
        """
        登录
        :return: None
        """
        submit = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'login-btn')))
        submit.click()
        time.sleep(10)
        print('登录成功')
    def getPic(self,str,name):
       # 获取图片      
        JS = 'return document.getElementsByClassName("'+str+'")[0].toDataURL("image/png");'
        im_info = self.browser.execute_script(JS)  #执行js文件得到带图片信息的图片数据
        im_base64 = im_info.split(',')[1]  #拿到base64编码的图片信息
        im_bytes = base64.b64decode(im_base64)  #转为bytes类型        
        img_data = im_bytes
        with open(name+'.png','wb') as f:  #保存图片到本地
            f.write(img_data)
        image = self.base64_to_image(im_base64) 
        return image   
    def base64_to_image(self,base64_str):
        #打开图片
        base64_data = re.sub('^data:image/.+;base64,', '', base64_str)
        byte_data = base64.b64decode(base64_data)
        image_data = BytesIO(byte_data)
        image = Image.open(image_data)
        return image    
    def crack(self):       
        # 输入用户名密码
        self.open()
        # 点击验证按钮
        button = self.get_geetest_button()
        button.click()
        #等待验证码加载
        time.sleep(2)
        image1 = self.getPic('geetest_canvas_fullbg','captcha1')
        image2 = self.getPic('geetest_canvas_bg','captcha2')       
        # 点按呼出缺口
        slider = self.get_slider()
        # 获取缺口位置
        gap = self.get_gap(image1, image2)
        print('缺口位置', gap)
        # 减去缺口位移
        gap -= BORDER
        # 获取移动轨迹
        track = self.get_track(gap)
        print('滑动轨迹', track)
        # 拖动滑块
        self.move_to_gap(slider, track)
        time.sleep(1)
        try:
            success = self.wait.until(
                EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_panel_success_title'), '通过验证'))
        # 失败后重试
        except:
            self.crack()
        print('通过验证')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    crack = CrackGeetest()
    crack.crack()

仅供学习使用，侵删