配置mysql基于gtid主从复制架构 一、二进制安装mysql [root@node5 data]# tar -zxf Percona-Server-5.7.21-21-Linux.x86_64.ssl101.tar.gz [root@node5 data]# mv Percona-Server-5.7.21-21-Linux.x86_64.ssl101 percona-server-5.7.21-21 [root@node5 data]# mv percona-server-5.7.21-21 /usr/local/ [root@node5 local]# cd /usr/local/ [root@node5 local]# ln -s percona-server-5.7.21-21 mysql # 添加用户 useradd -u 501 -G users -s /sbin/nologin -M -d /usr/local/mysql/bin mysql mkdir -p /data/mysql_data chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql_data # 编辑配置 vim /etc/my.cnf [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock # The MySQL server [mysqld] user = mysql port = 3306 bind-address = 0.0.0.0 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock datadir = /data/mysql_data pid-file = /data/mysql_data/mysql.pid skip-external-locking #memory is 16G #key_buffer_size = 16M key_buffer_size = 32M #table_open_cache = 64 table_open_cache = 1024 innodb_open_files = 450 #sort_buffer_size = 512K sort_buffer_size = 2M #net_buffer_length = 4K net_buffer_length = 32K #read_buffer_size = 256K read_buffer_size = 2M #read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M #myisam_sort_buffer_size = 4M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 32M thread_cache_size = 800 query_cache_size = 32M query_cache_type = 1 max_write_lock_count = 300 skip-name-resolve wait_timeout = 120 interactive_timeout = 120 max_connections = 400 max_connect_errors = 10000 max_allowed_packet = 320M back_log = 1024 log_timestamps = system sync_binlog = 1 #当链接数耗尽后，通过设置别用端口，让root可以登录 extra_max_connections = 2 extra_port = 13306 ##让mysql不区分大小写敏感 lower_case_table_names = 1 character_set_server = utf8mb4 performance_schema = ON #for FULLTEXT index , if your progrom used fulltext index please change the value your want. #ft_min_word_len = 1 #ft_max_work_len = 10 slave-skip-errors = 1062,1032 #if the query is exec time great than 2 seconds, the query will log to slow log if slowlog is enabled. long_query_time = 0.5 slow_query_log = on slow-query-log-file = /data/mysql_data/slow.log #skip-networking # Replication Master Server (default) # binary logging is required for replication log-bin = mysql-bin expire_logs_days = 8 log_error = error.log log_warnings = 1 # binary logging format - mixed recommended binlog_format = row #binlog_format=mixed relay-log = mysql-relay-bin # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set # but will not function as a master if omitted #server-id = 9662945782 server-id =3862945782 sql-mode = "NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION" #sync_binlog = 2 ##### Replication ##### replicate-ignore-db = mysql replicate-ignore-db = information_schema replicate-ignore-db = performance_schema replicate-ignore-db = sys replicate-ignore-db = undolog replicate-ignore-db = for_nagios replicate_wild_ignore_table = mysql.% replicate_wild_ignore_table = information_schema.% replicate_wild_ignore_table = performance_schema.% replicate_wild_ignore_table = sys.% log-slave-updates #skip-slave-start #skip-grant-tables ###rds-ecs，此处配置根据rds的配置来进行设置 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:200M:autoextend innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 innodb_log_file_size = 1572864000 master-info-repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 relay-log-info_repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 binlog-format =ROW ####Slave配置需要 gtid-mode = on ###开启GTID需要 enforce-gtid-consistency = true ###开启GTID需要 #innodb_fast_checksum = false #innodb_page_size = 16384 #innodb_log_block_size = 512 #innodb_checksum_algorithm = crc32 #innodb_log_checksum_algorithm = strict_crc32 ##### # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql_data #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G;ibdata2:1G:autoextend innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql_data #innodb_undo_directory = /data/mysql_data/undolog/ #innodb_undo_logs = 128 #innodb_undo_tablespaces = 3 # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1 #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 8M # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size #innodb_log_file_size = 256M innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M #innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 30 innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_thread_concurrency = 4 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 75 innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT innodb_purge_threads = 4 innodb_large_prefix = 1 innodb_read_io_threads = 16 innodb_write_io_threads = 16 innodb_io_capacity = 1000 innodb_io_capacity_max = 2000 thread_pool_size = 8 thread_handling = pool-of-threads thread_pool_oversubscribe = 40 thread_pool_stall_limit = 100 thread_pool_max_threads = 60 #解释： 在启动时把热数据加载到内存。 innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1 ##解释： 在关闭时把热数据dump到本地磁盘 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 320M [mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates [myisamchk] #key_buffer_size = 20M #sort_buffer_size = 20M key_buffer_size = 200M sort_buffer_size = 200M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout 初始化MySQL数据库的数据文件路径，并且创建系统表，5.7.6及以上版本，要使用mysqld来初始化数据库 将mysql命令加入环境变量中 vim /etc/profile export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH # 修改权限 chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql_data [root@node5 local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize-insecure --user=mysql [root@node5 local]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql [root@node5 local]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql 修改启动脚本 vim /etc/init.d/mysql basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/data/mysql_data 启动mysql /etc/init.d/mysql start 设置root密码，默认密码为空 mysql> set password = password('root'); Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; 二、通过gtid的方式配置mysql主从 主库配置片段： log-slave-updates = ON master-info-repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 relay-log-info_repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 binlog-format =ROW ####Slave配置需要 gtid-mode = on ###开启GTID需要 enforce-gtid-consistency = true ###开启GTID需要 binlog-checksum = CRC32 master-verify-checksum = 1 从库配置片段： log-slave-updates = ON master-info-repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 relay-log-info_repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 binlog-format =ROW ####Slave配置需要 gtid-mode = on ###开启GTID需要 enforce-gtid-consistency = true ###开启GTID需要 skip-slave-start = true read_only = ON slave-sql-verify-checksum = 1 relay-log = relay-log relay-log-index = relay-log-index relay-log-recovery = ON slave-sql-verify-checksum = 1 主库添加复制用户： mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'10.11.0.215' identified by 'replpass'; mysql> flush privileges; 查看主库与从库的GTID是否开启 mysql> show variables like '%gtid%'; +----------------------------------+-----------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------------------+-----------+ | binlog_gtid_simple_recovery | ON | | enforce_gtid_consistency | ON | | gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000 | | gtid_mode | ON | | gtid_next | AUTOMATIC | | gtid_owned | | | gtid_purged | | | session_track_gtids | OFF | +----------------------------------+-----------+ mysql> show variables like '%gtid_next%'; +---------------+-----------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-----------+ | gtid_next | AUTOMATIC | +---------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 查看服务器server_uuid mysql> show variables like '%uuid%'; +---------------+--------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+--------------------------------------+ | server_uuid | ea04f6f3-631c-11e8-9eac-000c29ff3eec | +---------------+--------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 查看主服务器状态，如果Executed_Gtid_Set字段为空，则可能配置错误需要自行检查配置 mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+ | mysql-bin.000003 | 194 | | | 190a16f8-63b4-11e8-a82d-000c29ff3eec:1-2 | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 配置从库连接至主库 mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.11.0.210',MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='replpass',MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1; 在从服务器上启动复制 mysql> START SLAVE; 启动成功后查看SLAVE的状态 mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G ... Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes ... 确认 Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 两个参数都为 Yes 状态。 在主服务器查看从库连接的主机信息 测试GTID主从复制 在主库(node1)实例创建一些数据，看从库是否能够正常新增 ********** 配置mysql基于gtid一主多从方式 node1(master) --> node5(slave) --> node2(主库指向node5,slave) 在之前基于gtid的主从模式：node1(master) --> node5(slave)基础上配置 添加第二个从库node2 10.11.0.212的过程： 通过二进制安装好数据库my.cnf配置片段 ********************* log-slave-updates ###rds-ecs，此处配置根据rds的配置来进行设置 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:200M:autoextend innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 innodb_log_file_size = 1572864000 master-info-repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 relay-log-info_repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 binlog-format =ROW ####Slave配置需要 gtid-mode = on ###开启GTID需要 enforce-gtid-consistency = true ###开启GTID需要 slave-sql-verify-checksum = 1 relay-log = relay-log relay-log-index = relay-log-index relay-log-recovery = ON slave-sql-verify-checksum = 1 ********************* 主库node5中添加复制用户： mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'10.11.0.212' identified by 'replpass'; mysql> flush privileges; node2上配置从库连接至主库 mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.11.0.215',MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='replpass',MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1; 在从服务器上启动复制 mysql> START SLAVE; 启动成功后查看SLAVE的状态 mysql> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 10.11.0.215 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3596 Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000003 Relay_Log_Pos: 3769 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 看到主库的数据成功复制过来了 mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | china | | master1 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ mysql> use master1; Database changed mysql> show tables; +-------------------+ | Tables_in_master1 | +-------------------+ | test1 | +-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from test1; +------+-------+ | id | count | +------+-------+ | 1 | 1 | | 2 | 2 | | 5 | 5 | 报错处理： 看到Slave_IO_Running: Connecting一只处于连接中状态 mysql> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master Master_Host: 10.11.0.215 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000001 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Master_Log_File: Slave_IO_Running: Connecting Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 观察日志： [root@node02 ~]# tail -f /data/mysql_data/error.log 2018-05-31T20:46:55.187975+08:00 2 [Warning] 'tables_priv' entry 'user mysql.session@localhost' ignored in --skip-name-resolve mode. 2018-05-31T20:46:55.187987+08:00 2 [Warning] 'tables_priv' entry 'sys_config mysql.sys@localhost' ignored in --skip-name-resolve mode. 2018-05-31T20:48:07.059454+08:00 3 [Warning] Storing MySQL user name or password information in the master info repository is not secure and is therefore not recommended. Please consider using the USER and PASSWORD connection options for START SLAVE; see the 'START SLAVE Syntax' in the MySQL Manual for more information. 2018-05-31T20:48:07.062633+08:00 3 [ERROR] Slave I/O for channel '': error connecting to master '[email protected]:3306' - retry-time: 60 retries: 1, Error_code: 1130 原来是授权用户配置错误，修改到repl@10.11.0.212:3306即可 ***************************** 主从切换： *********** 1.锁定原主数据写操作 原主库中操作： mysql> flush tables with read lock; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 2.在从服务器中执行stop slave io_thread,用show processlist检查，查看状态是否是Has read all relay log,表示更新完成. 从服务器执行 mysql> show processlist; +----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+-----------+---------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | Rows_sent | Rows_examined | +----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+-----------+---------------+ | 4 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 578 | Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates | NULL | 0 | 0 | | 27 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | starting | show processlist | 0 | 0 | +----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+-----------+---------------+ 3.在新的主服务器上(原从服务器)执行stop slave，reset master命令，重置成主数据库 新的主库上添加复制用户 mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'10.11.0.212' identified by 'replpass'; mysql> flush privileges; mysql> stop slave; mysql> reset master; mysql> reset slave all; -- 清除同步信息 4.删除新的主服务器数据库目录中的master.info和relay-log.info文件，否则下次重启时还会按照从服务器来启动. 5.原主库切换到从库 # 解锁 mysql> unlock tables; mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.11.0.212',MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='replpass',MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec) mysql> start slave; 5.修改主从服务器的配置(下次重启后参数改变) 主库配置片段： log-slave-updates = ON master-info-repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 relay-log-info_repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 binlog-format =ROW ####Slave配置需要 gtid-mode = on ###开启GTID需要 enforce-gtid-consistency = true ###开启GTID需要 binlog-checksum = CRC32 master-verify-checksum = 1 从库配置片段： log-slave-updates = ON master-info-repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 relay-log-info_repository = TABLE ###Slave配置需要 binlog-format =ROW ####Slave配置需要 gtid-mode = on ###开启GTID需要 enforce-gtid-consistency = true ###开启GTID需要 skip-slave-start = true read_only = ON slave-sql-verify-checksum = 1 relay-log = relay-log relay-log-index = relay-log-index relay-log-recovery = ON slave-sql-verify-checksum = 1 报错的处理： mysql> start slave; ERROR 1872 (HY000): Slave failed to initialize relay log info structure from the repository 解决： mysql> reset slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> start slave;
配置percona mysql5.7主从，日志同步的方式：
注意server-id必须不同
1.主库master上面配置repl复制同步用户
mysql> CREATE USER 'repl'@'10.11.0.212' IDENTIFIED BY 'replpass';
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'10.11.0.212';
记录主库状态：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 615 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.从库配置
放在一行执行方便
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.11.0.210', MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='replpass', MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=615;
启动从服务器复制线程
mysql> START SLAVE;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
查看复制状态
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.11.0.210
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 615
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,information_schema,performance_schema,mysql,information_schema,performance_schema
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
数据库分析工具percona-toolkit
[root@node1 data]# yum localinstall -y percona-toolkit-2.2.19-1.noarch.rpm