参考:http://blog.csdn.net/wtopps/article/details/70768062
模拟多线程并发:https://www.cnblogs.com/dolphin0520/p/3920397.html
http://flysnowxf.iteye.com/blog/1188496
问题1:
spring redis和redis包在设置key值的时候,都是先调用setnx设置值,成功就返回1,然后通过Expire设置超时时间,这样会出现一个
问题假如setnx成功,但是expire的时候,失败了,那么该值就会一直存在,这样会造成大的问题,这个问题怎么解决呢?
我们可以通过redis lua脚本,让设置值和设置超时时间在redis服务端一次执行,就不会造成前面描述的问题。
http://blog.csdn.net/mr_smile2014/article/details/73849573
问题2:
因为 SetNX 不具备设置过期时间的功能,所以我们需要借助 Expire 来设置,同时我们需要把两者用 Multi/Exec 包裹起来以确保请求的原子性,以免 SetNX 成功了 Expire 却失败了。 可惜还有问题:当多个请求到达时,虽然只有一个请求的 SetNX 可以成功,但是任何一个请求的 Expire 却都可以成功,如此就意味着即便获取不到锁,也可以刷新过期时间,如果请求比较密集的话,那么过期时间会一直被刷新,导致锁一直有效。于是乎我们需要在保证原子性的同时,有条件的执行 Expire。
其实 Redis 已经考虑到了大家的疾苦,从 2.6.12 起,SET 涵盖了 SETEX 的功能,并且 SET 本身已经包含了设置过期时间的功能,也就是说,我们前面需要的功能只用 SET 就可以实现。
"return redis.call('SET', KEYS[1], ARGV[1], 'NX', 'PX', ARGV[2]) "
问题3:
如果一个请求更新缓存的时间比较长,甚至比锁的有效期还要长,导致在缓存更新过程中,锁就失效了,此时另一个请求会获取锁,但前一个请求在缓存更新完毕的时候,如果不加以判断直接删除锁,就会出现误删除其它请求创建的锁的情况,所以我们在创建锁的时候需要引入一个随机值。
"if (redis.call('GET', KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1]) "
+ "then return redis.call('DEL',KEYS[1]) "
+ "else " + "return 0 " + "end"
上面没用随机值,用生成的授权码效果也是一样的。
package cn.tdw.service;
import cn.tdw.exception.OauthErrorCode;
import cn.tdw.util.RedisLock;
import com.tuandai.ms.apiutils.exception.AppBusinessException;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.RedisScript;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
/**
* Date: 2017/11/27 9:38
*
* @author huangkaijie
* @version V1.0
* @since JDK 1.8.0_131
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class concurrentTest {
public final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(concurrentTest.class);
// Redis获取锁:setnx+设置过期时间的执行命令
private final static String LUA_SCRIPT_LOCK = "return redis.call('SET', KEYS[1], ARGV[1], 'NX', 'PX', ARGV[2]) ";
private static RedisScript scriptLock = new DefaultRedisScript(LUA_SCRIPT_LOCK, String.class);
//Redis释放锁:通过value判定
private static final String LUA_SCRIPT_UNLOCK =
"if (redis.call('GET', KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1]) "
+ "then return redis.call('DEL',KEYS[1]) "
+ "else " + "return 0 " + "end";
private static RedisScript scriptUnlock = new DefaultRedisScript(LUA_SCRIPT_UNLOCK, Long.class);
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
@Test
public void concurrentTest() {
int N = 4;
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(N);
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
executorService.execute(new doServiceRunnable(barrier));
}
executorService.shutdown();
while (!executorService.isTerminated()) {
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("所有线程执行完毕...");
}
private class doServiceRunnable implements Runnable {
private CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
public doServiceRunnable(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier) {
this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier;
}
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "正在写入数据...");
try {
Thread.sleep(5000); //以睡眠来模拟写入数据操作
cyclicBarrier.await();
System.out.println("线程开始执行逻辑处理时间" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + System.currentTimeMillis());
this.doLogic();
System.out.println("线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "写入数据完毕,等待其他线程写入完毕");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("所有线程写入完毕,继续处理其他任务...");
}
public void doLogic() {
boolean lock = false;
RedisLock redisLock = null;
String code = "code123456"; // 由一定的规则生成
try {
redisLock = lock(code);
lock = (redisLock != null);
if (lock) {//redis锁并发控制
String token = this.generateAccessToken("client_id_123", "client_secret_456");
//保存缓存的access_token到redis(授权码已从redis删除,生成的access_token可能因为网络中断或其他原因没传回去,故缓存到redis10分钟)
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("TEST_TOKEN_" + code, token, 10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
logger.info("返回新的token=" + token);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
} finally {
if (lock) {
//删除redis中的授权码
try {
// redisTemplate.delete("TEST_TOKEN_" + code);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("删除redis授权码失败,code:" + code);
}
unlock(redisLock);
}
}
if (!lock) {
throw new AppBusinessException(OauthErrorCode.REQUEST_QUICKLY_ERROR);
}
}
//获取锁
private RedisLock lock(String code) {
String flagKey = "TEST_REDIS_CONCURRENT_LOCK_" + code;//并发标志键值
String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
String expireTime = "1000";//过期时间/毫秒
String execute = redisTemplate.execute(scriptLock, redisTemplate.getStringSerializer(), redisTemplate.getStringSerializer(),
Collections.singletonList(flagKey), uuid, expireTime);
if (execute != null && execute.equals("OK")) {
logger.info("线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "===============>获取锁成功,授权码code:" + code);
return new RedisLock(flagKey, uuid);
}
return null;
}
//释放锁
private void unlock(RedisLock redisLock) {
redisTemplate.execute(scriptUnlock, redisTemplate.getStringSerializer(), (RedisSerializer) redisTemplate.getKeySerializer(),
Collections.singletonList(redisLock.getKey()), redisLock.getValue());
}
/**
* 生成唯一AccessToken
*
* @param client_id
* @param client_secret
* @return
*/
private String generateAccessToken(String client_id, String client_secret) {
String md5Str = md5(client_id + client_secret + System.currentTimeMillis());
return md5Str.substring(md5Str.length() - 12, md5Str.length()) + UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
}
/**
* 通用md5加密方法
*
* @param text
* @return
*/
private String md5(String text) {
if (text == null || StringUtils.isEmpty(text.trim()))
return "";
try {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
md.update(text.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
for (byte b : md.digest()) {
int n = b;
if (n < 0) n += 256;
if (n < 16) sb.append("0");
sb.append(Integer.toHexString(n));
}
return sb.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage(), e.getCause());
}
return null;
}
}
}
运行结果:
线程pool-3-thread-3正在写入数据...
线程pool-3-thread-4正在写入数据...
线程pool-3-thread-2正在写入数据...
线程开始执行逻辑处理时间pool-3-thread-41511754032962
线程开始执行逻辑处理时间pool-3-thread-11511754032962
线程开始执行逻辑处理时间pool-3-thread-31511754032962
线程开始执行逻辑处理时间pool-3-thread-21511754032962
2017-11-27 11:40:33.052 INFO 23512 --- [pool-3-thread-1] cn.tdw.service.concurrentTest : 线程pool-3-thread-1===============>获取锁成功,授权码code:code123456
Exception in thread "pool-3-thread-3" com.tuandai.ms.apiutils.exception.AppBusinessException: 请求授权令牌过于频繁
at cn.tdw.service.concurrentTest$doServiceRunnable.doLogic(concurrentTest.java:128)
at cn.tdw.service.concurrentTest$doServiceRunnable.run(concurrentTest.java:90)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Exception in thread "pool-3-thread-4" com.tuandai.ms.apiutils.exception.AppBusinessException: 请求授权令牌过于频繁
at cn.tdw.service.concurrentTest$doServiceRunnable.doLogic(concurrentTest.java:128)
at cn.tdw.service.concurrentTest$doServiceRunnable.run(concurrentTest.java:90)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Exception in thread "pool-3-thread-2" com.tuandai.ms.apiutils.exception.AppBusinessException: 请求授权令牌过于频繁
at cn.tdw.service.concurrentTest$doServiceRunnable.doLogic(concurrentTest.java:128)
at cn.tdw.service.concurrentTest$doServiceRunnable.run(concurrentTest.java:90)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
2017-11-27 11:40:33.062 INFO 23512 --- [pool-3-thread-1] cn.tdw.service.concurrentTest : 返回新的token=4a400d4f4f0e9f2212dd33174fdd843232b35585b612
线程pool-3-thread-1写入数据完毕,等待其他线程写入完毕
所有线程写入完毕,继续处理其他任务...
所有线程执行完毕...