Python3每日NBA快报邮件推送小玩具

需求：抓取每天的nba赛况，排名，明日预告，每天中午12:30发送到邮箱。
效果：

实现步骤：

• 选择nba信息比赛信息来源
  
  这里我选择了搜狐nba。在比较百度、NBA中国、虎扑等网站之后，发现搜狐nba的赛程信息是调用一个api接口展示的，如下：
  
  查看接口api为：

http://data.sports.sohu.com/nba/frag/index_live_json.html?_=1540985005305

不难发现其后缀是一个毫秒级的时间戳。我们在请求是加上当前时间戳。解析返回的json数据，获取球队、分数信息，我们只取今天和明天的比赛信息。

import requests
import json
import time
import yagmail
from lxml import etree

class NbaNews(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.session = requests.session()
        self.sohu_nba_game = "http://data.sports.sohu.com/nba/frag/index_live_json.html?_="
        # 比赛信息接口API
        self.baidu_nba_rank = "http://tiyu.baidu.com/match/nba/tab/%E6%8E%92%E5%90%8D/from/baidu_aladdin"
		# 球队排名页面
        self.headers = {
            'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36'
        }
		
		def game_data(self):
        tmstp = int(time.time()*1000)  # 获取当前时间戳
        response_data = self.session.get(self.sohu_nba_game.format(tmstp), headers=self.headers).text
        game_data = json.loads(response_data)
        return game_data

    def game_detail(self, game_data):
        game_details = []
        for game in game_data[1:]:
            v_team = game['vnamecn']  # visitname做客球队
            h_team = game['hnamecn']  # hostname主场球队
			# 这里我将三个字以上的球队名称改为两个字，只是为了邮件展示时格式对齐好看些
            if v_team == "网" : v_team = "篮网"
            if h_team == "网" : h_team = "篮网"
            if v_team == "凯尔特人": v_team = "凯子"
            if v_team == "开拓者": v_team = "开拓"
            if v_team == "步行者": v_team = "步行"
            if v_team == "尼克斯": v_team = "尼克"
            if v_team == "森林狼": v_team = "森狼"
            try:
                v_score = game['vtotal']  # 客队得分
                h_score = game['htotal']  # 主队得分
			# 分数为None是明日比赛，不记录分数
            except:
                v_score = None 
                h_score = None
            game_result = {}
            game_result[v_team] = v_score
            game_result[h_team] = h_score
            game_details.append(game_result)
        # print(game_details)
        return game_details

		# 整理比赛结果，输出一段字符串作为邮件正文
	def game_report(self, game_details):
        if tuple(game_details[0].values())[0] is not None:
        	# 分数非空，今日比赛，获取日期
            game_reports = '-'*5 + \
                           time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time())) + \
                           '/今天\tNBA赛程报告' + '-'*5 + '\n'
            for game in game_details:
                game_report = \
                    '(客) '.join(tuple(game.items())[0]) + \
                    ' vs ' +  \
                    ' (主)'.join(sorted(tuple(game.items())[1])) + '\n'
                game_reports += game_report
        else:
       		# 明日比赛球队 
            game_reports = '-' * 5 + \
                           time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time()+86400)) + \
                           '/明天\tNBA赛程预告' + '-' * 5 + '\n'
            for game in game_details:
                game_report = \
                    tuple(game.keys())[0] + '(客)' + \
                    ' vs ' +  \
                    '(主)'+ tuple(game.keys())[1] + '\n'
                game_reports += game_report
        return game_reports

• 从百度体育nba获取东西部排名

def east_team_rank(self):
        r = self.session.get(self.baidu_nba_rank, headers=self.headers)
        tree = etree.HTML(r.text)
        rank_title = '-' * 5 + \
                       time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time())) + \
                       '\tNBA东部前八' + '-' * 5 + '\n' + \
                        '排名\t球队\t胜\t负\t胜率\n'
        team_ranks = ''
        for i in range(3, 11):
        	# 第一到第八名球队信息
            east_t = tree.xpath(
                '//*[@id="matchContainer"]/div[1]/div[5]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div[{}]/div/a/div[3]/text()'.format(
                    i))[0].strip()
            east_w = tree.xpath(
                '//*[@id="matchContainer"]/div[1]/div[5]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div[{}]/div/a/div[4]/text()'.format(
                    i))[0].strip()
            east_f = tree.xpath(
                '//*[@id="matchContainer"]/div[1]/div[5]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div[{}]/div/a/div[5]/text()'.format(
                    i))[0].strip()
            east_p = tree.xpath(
                '//*[@id="matchContainer"]/div[1]/div[5]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div[{}]/div/a/div[6]/text()'.format(
                    i))[0].strip()
			# 同样为了显示对齐改一下名字
            if east_t == "步行者": east_t = "步行"
            if east_t == "凯尔特人": east_t = "凯子"
            if east_t == "开拓者": east_t = "开拓"
            if east_t == "尼克斯": east_t = "尼克"
            if east_t == "森林狼": east_t = "森狼"
            if east_t == "独行侠": east_t = "小牛"

            team_rank = str(i-2) + '\t' + east_t + '\t' + east_w + '\t' + east_f + '\t' + east_p + '\n'
            team_ranks += team_rank
        east_team_rank = rank_title + team_ranks
        return east_team_rank

	# 复制一遍不管了
    def west_team_rank(self):
        r = self.session.get(self.baidu_nba_rank, headers=self.headers)
        tree = etree.HTML(r.text)
        rank_title = '-' * 5 + \
                       time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time())) + \
                       '\tNBA西部前八' + '-' * 5 + '\n' + \
                        '排名\t球队\t胜\t负\t胜率\n'
        team_ranks = ''
        for i in range(3, 11):
            east_t = tree.xpath(
                '//*[@id="matchContainer"]/div[1]/div[5]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div[{}]/div/a/div[3]/text()'.format(
                    i))[0].strip()
            east_w = tree.xpath(
                '//*[@id="matchContainer"]/div[1]/div[5]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div[{}]/div/a/div[4]/text()'.format(
                    i))[0].strip()
            east_f = tree.xpath(
                '//*[@id="matchContainer"]/div[1]/div[5]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div[{}]/div/a/div[5]/text()'.format(
                    i))[0].strip()
            east_p = tree.xpath(
                '//*[@id="matchContainer"]/div[1]/div[5]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div[{}]/div/a/div[6]/text()'.format(
                    i))[0].strip()
            if east_t == "步行者": east_t = "步行"
            if east_t == "凯尔特人": east_t = "凯子"
            if east_t == "开拓者": east_t = "开拓"
            if east_t == "尼克斯": east_t = "尼克"
            if east_t == "森林狼": east_t = "森狼"
            if east_t == "独行侠": east_t = "小牛"

            team_rank = str(i-2) + '\t' + east_t + '\t' + east_w + '\t' + east_f + '\t' + east_p + '\n'
            team_ranks += team_rank
        west_team_rank = rank_title + team_ranks
        return west_team_rank
	

• 主程序以及邮件设置

# 三行搞定邮件发送
def mail_report(self, report):
		# 这里密码是邮箱STMP服务授权码
        yag = yagmail.SMTP(user="[email protected]", password="xxx", host='smtp.163.com')
        contents = report  # 之前获取的信息
        yag.send(to="[email protected]", subject="每日NBA快报", contents=contents)

    def main(self):
        game_data = self.game_data()
        try:
            today_d = self.game_detail(game_data[0])
            tomorrow_d = self.game_detail(game_data[1])
            today_r = self.game_report(today_d)
            tomorrow_r = self.game_report(tomorrow_d)
            print(today_r + '\n' + tomorrow_r)

            w_rank = self.west_team_rank()
            e_rank = self.east_team_rank()
            print(w_rank + '\n' + e_rank)

            self.mail_report(today_r + '\n' + tomorrow_r + '\n' + w_rank + '\n' + e_rank + '\n')
        except TypeError:
            self.main()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    NbaNews().main()

• Linux定时任务运行python程序

把代码扔到服务器上，设置定时任务，比如每天12:30，这个时间早上大部分比赛都打完了，也刚吃完饭回来，那就看一下邮箱吧，每日NBA快报已经送达！