1.传统打包：
传统的打包方法都是在AndroidManifest添加渠道标示，每打一次包修改一次标示的名称。效率特别的低，一个稍微大一点的项目打上几十个渠道包可能需要几个小时半天的时间。
2.由于传统的打包方式每次修改渠道都需要重新的构建项目，时间都浪费构建上面了，美团提供了一种新的打包方案：
Android应用使用的APK文件就是一个带签名信息的ZIP文件，根据 ZIP文件格式规范，每个ZIP文件的最后都必须有一个叫 Central Directory Record 的部分，这个CDR的最后部分叫”end of central directory record”，这一部分包含一些元数据，它的末尾是ZIP文件的注释。注释包含Comment Length和File Comment两个字段，前者表示注释内容的长度，后者是注释的内容，正确修改这一部分不会对ZIP文件造成破坏，利用这个字段，我们可以添加一些自定义的数据，Packer-Ng方式打包就是在这里添加和读取渠道信息。打包神器，100个渠道包只需5s 哈哈 。
原理很简单，就是将渠道信息存放在APK文件的注释字段中。
第一步：直接将PackerNg作为Utils拷贝到项目中。
package com.yshr.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;
import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel.MapMode;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
public final class PackerNg {
private static final String TAG = PackerNg.class.getSimpleName();
private static final String EMPTY_STRING = "";
private static String sCachedMarket;
public static String getMarket(final Object context) {
return getMarket(context, EMPTY_STRING);
}
public static synchronized String getMarket(final Object context, final String defaultValue) {
if (sCachedMarket == null) {
sCachedMarket = getMarketInternal(context, defaultValue).market;
}
return sCachedMarket;
}
public static MarketInfo getMarketInfo(final Object context) {
return getMarketInfo(context, EMPTY_STRING);
}
public static synchronized MarketInfo getMarketInfo(final Object context, final String defaultValue) {
return getMarketInternal(context, defaultValue);
}
private static MarketInfo getMarketInternal(final Object context, final String defaultValue) {
String market;
Exception error;
try {
final String sourceDir = Helper.getSourceDir(context);
market = Helper.readMarket(new File(sourceDir));
error = null;
} catch (Exception e) {
market = null;
error = e;
}
return new MarketInfo(market == null ? defaultValue : market, error);
}
public static class MarketInfo {
public final String market;
public final Exception error;
public MarketInfo(final String market, final Exception error) {
this.market = market;
this.error = error;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "MarketInfo{" +
"market='" + market + '\'' +
", error=" + error +
'}';
}
}
public static class Helper {
static final String UTF_8 = "UTF-8";
static final int ZIP_COMMENT_MAX_LENGTH = 65535;
static final int SHORT_LENGTH = 2;
static final byte[] MAGIC = new byte[]{0x21, 0x5a, 0x58, 0x4b, 0x21}; //!ZXK!
// for android code
private static String getSourceDir(final Object context)
throws ClassNotFoundException,
InvocationTargetException,
IllegalAccessException,
NoSuchFieldException,
NoSuchMethodException {
final Class contextClass = Class.forName("android.content.Context");
final Class applicationInfoClass = Class.forName("android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo");
final Method getApplicationInfoMethod = contextClass.getMethod("getApplicationInfo");
final Object appInfo = getApplicationInfoMethod.invoke(context);
// try ApplicationInfo.publicSourceDir
final Field publicSourceDirField = applicationInfoClass.getField("publicSourceDir");
String sourceDir = (String) publicSourceDirField.get(appInfo);
if (sourceDir == null) {
// try ApplicationInfo.sourceDir
final Field sourceDirField = applicationInfoClass.getField("sourceDir");
sourceDir = (String) sourceDirField.get(appInfo);
}
if (sourceDir == null) {
// try Context.getPackageCodePath()
final Method getPackageCodePathMethod = contextClass.getMethod("getPackageCodePath");
sourceDir = (String) getPackageCodePathMethod.invoke(context);
}
return sourceDir;
}
private static boolean isMagicMatched(byte[] buffer) {
if (buffer.length != MAGIC.length) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < MAGIC.length; ++i) {
if (buffer[i] != MAGIC[i]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
private static void writeBytes(byte[] data, DataOutput out) throws IOException {
out.write(data);
}
private static void writeShort(int i, DataOutput out) throws IOException {
ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocate(SHORT_LENGTH).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
bb.putShort((short) i);
out.write(bb.array());
}
private static short readShort(DataInput input) throws IOException {
byte[] buf = new byte[SHORT_LENGTH];
input.readFully(buf);
ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.wrap(buf).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
return bb.getShort(0);
}
public static void writeZipComment(File file, String comment) throws IOException {
if (hasZipCommentMagic(file)) {
throw new IllegalStateException("zip comment already exists, ignore.");
}
// {@see java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream.writeEND}
byte[] data = comment.getBytes(UTF_8);
final RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");
raf.seek(file.length() - SHORT_LENGTH);
// write zip comment length
// (content field length + length field length + magic field length)
writeShort(data.length + SHORT_LENGTH + MAGIC.length, raf);
// write content
writeBytes(data, raf);
// write content length
writeShort(data.length, raf);
// write magic bytes
writeBytes(MAGIC, raf);
raf.close();
}
public static boolean hasZipCommentMagic(File file) throws IOException {
RandomAccessFile raf = null;
try {
raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "r");
long index = raf.length();
byte[] buffer = new byte[MAGIC.length];
index -= MAGIC.length;
// read magic bytes
raf.seek(index);
raf.readFully(buffer);
// check magic bytes matched
return isMagicMatched(buffer);
} finally {
if (raf != null) {
raf.close();
}
}
}
public static String readZipComment(File file) throws IOException {
RandomAccessFile raf = null;
try {
raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "r");
long index = raf.length();
byte[] buffer = new byte[MAGIC.length];
index -= MAGIC.length;
// read magic bytes
raf.seek(index);
raf.readFully(buffer);
// if magic bytes matched
if (isMagicMatched(buffer)) {
index -= SHORT_LENGTH;
raf.seek(index);
// read content length field
int length = readShort(raf);
if (length > 0) {
index -= length;
raf.seek(index);
// read content bytes
byte[] bytesComment = new byte[length];
raf.readFully(bytesComment);
return new String(bytesComment, UTF_8);
} else {
throw new IOException("zip comment content not found");
}
} else {
throw new IOException("zip comment magic bytes not found");
}
} finally {
if (raf != null) {
raf.close();
}
}
}
private static String readZipCommentMmp(File file) throws IOException {
final int mappedSize = 10240;
final long fz = file.length();
RandomAccessFile raf = null;
MappedByteBuffer map = null;
try {
raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "r");
map = raf.getChannel().map(MapMode.READ_ONLY, fz - mappedSize, mappedSize);
map.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
int index = mappedSize;
byte[] buffer = new byte[MAGIC.length];
index -= MAGIC.length;
// read magic bytes
map.position(index);
map.get(buffer);
// if magic bytes matched
if (isMagicMatched(buffer)) {
index -= SHORT_LENGTH;
map.position(index);
// read content length field
int length = map.getShort();
if (length > 0) {
index -= length;
map.position(index);
// read content bytes
byte[] bytesComment = new byte[length];
map.get(bytesComment);
return new String(bytesComment, UTF_8);
}
}
} finally {
if (map != null) {
map.clear();
}
if (raf != null) {
raf.close();
}
}
return null;
}
public static void writeMarket(final File file, final String market) throws IOException {
writeZipComment(file, market);
}
public static String readMarket(final File file) throws IOException {
return readZipComment(file);
}
public static boolean verifyMarket(final File file, final String market) throws IOException {
return market.equals(readMarket(file));
}
public static void println(String msg) {
System.out.println(TAG + ": " + msg);
}
public static List parseMarkets(final File file) throws IOException {
final List markets = new ArrayList();
FileReader fr = new FileReader(file);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(fr);
String line = null;
int lineNo = 1;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
String parts[] = line.split("#");
if (parts.length > 0) {
final String market = parts[0].trim();
if (market.length() > 0) {
markets.add(market);
} else {
println("skip invalid market line " + lineNo + ":'" + line + "'");
}
} else {
println("skip invalid market line" + lineNo + ":'" + line + "'");
}
++lineNo;
}
br.close();
fr.close();
return markets;
}
public static void copyFile(File src, File dest) throws IOException {
if (!dest.exists()) {
dest.createNewFile();
}
FileChannel source = null;
FileChannel destination = null;
try {
source = new FileInputStream(src).getChannel();
destination = new FileOutputStream(dest).getChannel();
destination.transferFrom(source, 0, source.size());
} finally {
if (source != null) {
source.close();
}
if (destination != null) {
destination.close();
}
}
}
public static boolean deleteDir(File dir) {
File[] files = dir.listFiles();
if (files == null || files.length == 0) {
return false;
}
for (File file : files) {
if (file.isDirectory()) {
deleteDir(file);
} else {
file.delete();
}
}
return true;
}
public static String getExtension(final String fileName) {
int dot = fileName.lastIndexOf(".");
if (dot > 0) {
return fileName.substring(dot + 1);
} else {
return null;
}
}
public static String getBaseName(final String fileName) {
int dot = fileName.lastIndexOf(".");
if (dot > 0) {
return fileName.substring(0, dot);
} else {
return fileName;
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
if (args.length < 2) {
Helper.println("Usage: java -jar packer-ng-x.x.x.jar your_apk_file market_file");
System.exit(1);
}
Helper.println("command args: " + Arrays.toString(args));
File apkFile = new File(args[0]);
final File marketFile = new File(args[1]);
if (!apkFile.exists()) {
Helper.println("apk file:" + apkFile + " not exists or not readable");
System.exit(1);
return;
}
if (!marketFile.exists()) {
Helper.println("markets file:" + marketFile + " not exists or not readable");
System.exit(1);
return;
}
Helper.println("apk file: " + apkFile);
Helper.println("market file: " + marketFile);
List markets = Helper.parseMarkets(marketFile);
if (markets == null || markets.isEmpty()) {
Helper.println("not markets found.");
System.exit(1);
return;
}
Helper.println("markets: " + markets);
final String baseName = Helper.getBaseName(apkFile.getName());
final String extName = Helper.getExtension(apkFile.getName());
final File outputDir = new File("apks");
if (!outputDir.exists()) {
outputDir.mkdirs();
} else {
Helper.deleteDir(outputDir);
}
int processed = 0;
for (final String market : markets) {
String apkName = "supermarket_" + market + "." + extName;
try {
String apkNameRule = args[2];
apkName = String.format(apkNameRule, market);
} catch (Exception exception) {
}
File destFile = new File(outputDir, apkName);
Helper.copyFile(apkFile, destFile);
Helper.writeMarket(destFile, market);
if (Helper.verifyMarket(destFile, market)) {
++processed;
Helper.println("processed apk " + destFile.getAbsolutePath() + "/" + apkName);
} else {
destFile.delete();
Helper.println("failed to process " + apkName);
}
}
Helper.println("all " + processed + " processed apks saved to " + outputDir);
}
}
第二步：创建一个保存渠道包名的txt文件，可以放在项目主目录下：比如命名market.txt
渠道名可以按照需求随便添加
anzhi
baidu
huawei
legend
letv
meizu
oppo
qq
PC
sougou
UC
update
update1
vivo
wandoujia
woshangdian
xiaomi
第三步：ChannelUtil这个工具类是用于取出文件里的渠道名
package com.yshr.util;
import android.content.Context;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import com.ztx.shudu.supermarket.app.App;
import com.ztx.shudu.supermarket.app.Constants;
import com.ztx.shudu.supermarket.model.prefs.ImplPreferencesHelper;
public class ChannelUtil {
private static String mChannel;
/**
* 返回市场。 如果获取失败返回""
*
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static String getChannel(Context context) {
return getChannel(context, "default");
// return getChannel(context, "sjzs360");
}
/**
* 返回市场。 如果获取失败返回defaultChannel
*
* @param context
* @param defaultChannel
* @return
*/
public static String getChannel(Context context, String defaultChannel) {
//内存中获取
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(mChannel)) {
return mChannel;
}
//sp中获取
mChannel = getChannelBySharedPreferences(context);
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(mChannel)) {
return mChannel;
}
mChannel = PackerNg.getMarket(context);
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(mChannel)) {
//保存sp中备用
saveChannelBySharedPreferences(context, mChannel);
return mChannel;
}
//全部获取失败
return defaultChannel;
}
/**
* 本地保存channel & 对应版本号
*
* @param context
* @param channel
*/
private static void saveChannelBySharedPreferences(Context context, String channel) {
// SharedPreferencesUtil.getInstance(context).applyString(Constants.Companion.getSUPERMARKET_CHANNEL(), channel);
App.instance.getSharedPreferences(ImplPreferencesHelper.Companion.getSHAREDPREFERENCES_NAME(), Context.MODE_PRIVATE).edit().putString(Constants.Companion.getSUPERMARKET_CHANNEL(), "").apply();
}
/**
* 从sp中获取channel
*
* @param context
* @return 为空表示获取异常、sp中的值已经失效、sp中没有此值
*/
private static String getChannelBySharedPreferences(Context context) {
// return SharedPreferencesUtil.getInstance(context).getString(Constants.SUPERMARKET_CHANNEL);
return App.instance.getSharedPreferences(ImplPreferencesHelper.Companion.getSHAREDPREFERENCES_NAME(), Context.MODE_PRIVATE).getString(Constants.Companion.getSUPERMARKET_CHANNEL(), "");
}
}
第四步：打开第二步中的PackerNg类，首先配置一下此类main函数中接受的参数信息。本事例通过Android Studio的方式进行配置直接上图：
20170227183454058.png
图中标注3的位置就是PackerNg类配置main函数中接受的两个参数: 第一个参数为默认的release包的apk源文件，包名为ChannelUtil起初默认的包名
default.jpg
第二个参数为保存渠道名的文件 这两个参数路径直接可以拖过来
第五步：在Application类中onCreate方法中添加代码
val channel = ChannelUtil.getChannel(applicationContext) //Kotlin语法
拿到这个包名可以传给后台进行统计或进行其它的操作。
第六步：运行PackerNg类，会在项目目录下自动生成文件夹apks(在PackerNg.java文件中配置好的apk渠道包存储路径)
20170227184051749.png
注意点：第四步中ChannelUtil起初默认的包名为源文件，其它所有的的渠道包都是通过PackerNg打包方式都是以这个源文件为模版，进行复制，将不同的渠道名复制给这个源文件。如果是360渠道上线的话需要将这个包名默认改为360的渠道单独打包，因为360上线需要加固，会把之前通过源文件复制渠道名给抹掉，所以对于360加固的文件需要单独把360作为源文件来打包不改为360默认的渠道包后会统计不到360渠道的信息。