Spring Security 基于URL的权限判断

1.  FilterSecurityInterceptor 源码阅读

org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor

通过过滤器实现对HTTP资源进行安全处理。

该安全拦截器所需的 SecurityMetadataSource 类型为 FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource。 

doFilter方法中直接调用invoke方法

基本都是调用父类的方法，那下面就重点看下父类 AbstractSecurityInterceptor 中相关方法

为安全对象实现安全拦截的抽象类。

AbstractSecurityInterceptor 将确保安全拦截器的正确启动配置。 它还将实现对安全对象调用的正确处理，即：

1. 从 SecurityContextHolder 获取 Authentication 对象。
2. 通过在SecurityMetadataSource中查找安全对象请求，确定请求是与安全调用还是公共调用相关（PS：简单地来讲，就是看一下请求的资源是不是受保护的，受保护的就是安全调用，就要权限，不受保护的就不需要权限就可以访问）。
3. 对于受保护的调用（有一个用于安全对象调用的 ConfigAttributes 列表）：
   1. 如果 Authentication.isAuthenticated() 返回 false，或者 alwaysReauthenticate 为 true，则根据配置的 AuthenticationManager 对请求进行身份验证。 通过身份验证后，将 SecurityContextHolder 上的 Authentication 对象替换为返回值。
   2.  根据配置的AccessDecisionManager授权请求。
   3. 通过配置的RunAsManager执行任何run-as替换。
   4. 将控制权传递回具体的子类，它实际上将继续执行对象。返回一个 InterceptorStatusToken 以便在子类完成对象的执行后，其 finally 子句可以确保 AbstractSecurityInterceptor 被调用并使用 finallyInvocation(InterceptorStatusToken) 正确处理。
   5. 具体的子类将通过 afterInvocation(InterceptorStatusToken, Object) 方法重新调用 AbstractSecurityInterceptor。
   6. 如果 RunAsManager 替换了 Authentication 对象，则将 SecurityContextHolder 返回到调用 AuthenticationManager 后存在的对象。
   7. 如果定义了AfterInvocationManager，则调用它并允许它替换将要返回给调用者的对象。
4.  对于公开的调用（安全对象调用没有 ConfigAttributes）：
   1. 如上所述，具体的子类将返回一个 InterceptorStatusToken，在执行完安全对象后，该 InterceptorStatusToken 随后被重新呈现给 AbstractSecurityInterceptor。 AbstractSecurityInterceptor 在它的 afterInvocation(InterceptorStatusToken, Object) 被调用时不会采取进一步的行动。
5. 控制再次返回到具体的子类，以及应该返回给调用者的对象。然后子类会将该结果或异常返回给原始调用者。

下面具体来看

从这里我们可以知道返回null和空集合是一样的。

接下来看授权

这是我们要重点关注的，可以看到，授权靠的是 accessDecisionManager.decide(authenticated, object, attributes) 

因此，我们想要实现自己的基于请求Url的授权只需自定义一个 AccessDecisionManager 即可

接下来，我们来具体实现一下

2.  自定义基于url的授权

先把Spring Security授权的大致流程流程摆在这儿：

 

自定义FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource

package com.example.security.core;

import com.example.security.service.SysPermissionService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityConfig;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @Author ChengJianSheng
 * @Date 2021/12/2
 */
@Component
public class MyFilterSecurityMetadataSource implements FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {

    @Autowired
    private SysPermissionService sysPermissionService;

    private final AntPathMatcher antPathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher();

    @Override
    public Collection getAttributes(Object object) throws IllegalArgumentException {
        FilterInvocation fi = (FilterInvocation) object;
        String url = fi.getRequestUrl();
        String httpMethod = fi.getRequest().getMethod();

        List attributes = new ArrayList<>();

        Map urlRoleMap = sysPermissionService.getAllUrlRole();

        for (Map.Entry entry : urlRoleMap.entrySet()) {
            if (antPathMatcher.match(entry.getKey(), url)) {
                return SecurityConfig.createList(entry.getValue());
            }
        }

        // 返回null和空列表是一样的，都表示当前访问的资源不需要权限，所有人都可以访问
        return attributes;
//        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Collection getAllConfigAttributes() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class clazz) {
        return FilterInvocation.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz);
    }
}

这里需要说明一下，其实Spring Security里面说的role不一定表示的是我们自己建的那个角色表，我们可以这样理解，就是它这里的所谓role只是一个权限标识。我们在建表的时候，通常最基本的是5张表（用户表、角色表、权限表、用户角色关系表、角色权限关系表），我们可以把受保护的资源（通常是一个url）与角色关联起来，建立哪些角色可以访问哪些资源，也可以直接判断资源的权限（通常是权限编码/标识）。

只要有这个关系，剩下的就是写法不同而已。如果你把role理解成资源的权限标识的话，那么返回的Collection中就最多有一个元素，如果理解成角色的话，那么可能有多个元素。就这么点儿东西，写法不同而已，本质是一样的。

自定义AccessDecisionManager

package com.example.security.core;

import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDecisionManager;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.InsufficientAuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Collection;

/**
 * @Author ChengJianSheng
 * @Date 2021/12/2
 */
@Component
public class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {
    @Override
    public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object, Collection configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {
        Collection authorities = authentication.getAuthorities();
        System.out.println(authorities);
        System.out.println(configAttributes);
        //  查看当前用户是否有对应的权限访问该保护资源
        for (ConfigAttribute attribute : configAttributes) {
            for (GrantedAuthority authority : authorities) {
                if (authority.getAuthority().equals(attribute.getAttribute())) {
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
        throw new AccessDeniedException("Access is denied");
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class clazz) {
        return true;
    }
}

decide方法的三个参数，依次表示：

• 调用者（非空）
• 被调用的安全对象
• 与被调用的安全对象关联的配置属性

配置WebSecurityConfig

package com.example.security.config;

import com.example.security.core.MyAccessDecisionManager;
import com.example.security.core.MyFilterSecurityMetadataSource;
import com.example.security.core.MyUserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.ObjectPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor;

/**
 * @Author ChengJianSheng
 * @Date 2021/12/6
 */
@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private MyUserDetailsService myUserDetailsService;
    @Autowired
    private MyAccessDecisionManager myAccessDecisionManager;
    @Autowired
    private MyFilterSecurityMetadataSource myFilterSecurityMetadataSource;

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(myUserDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.formLogin()
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()
                .withObjectPostProcessor(new ObjectPostProcessor() {
                    @Override
                    public  O postProcess(O object) {
                        object.setSecurityMetadataSource(myFilterSecurityMetadataSource);
                        object.setAccessDecisionManager(myAccessDecisionManager);
                        return object;
                    }
                })
                .anyRequest().authenticated();
    }



    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

}

其它不重要的就直接贴出来了

pom.xml

    4.0.0
    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-starter-parent
        2.6.1
         
    
    com.example
    security-demo
    0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    security-demo

    
        1.8
    
    
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-data-jpa
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-security
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-web
        

        
            mysql
            mysql-connector-java
            runtime
        
        
            org.projectlombok
            lombok
            true
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-test
            test
        
        
            org.springframework.security
            spring-security-test
            test
        
    

    
        
            
                org.springframework.boot
                spring-boot-maven-plugin
                
                    
                        
                            org.projectlombok
                            lombok
                        
                    
                
            
        
    

application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo126?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    username: root
    password: 123456
  jpa:
    database: mysql
    show-sql: true

SysPermissionEntity.java

package com.example.security.entity;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @Author ChengJianSheng
 * @Date 2021/12/6
 */
@Getter
@Setter
@Entity
@Table(name = "sys_permission")
public class SysPermissionEntity implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;

    /** 权限编码（标识） */
    private String code;

    /** 权限名称 */
    private String name;

    /** 权限URL */
    private String url;

}

SysRoleEntity.java

package com.example.security.entity;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * @Author ChengJianSheng
 * @Date 2021/12/6
 */
@Getter
@Setter
@Entity
@Table(name = "sys_role")
public class SysRoleEntity implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;

    /** 角色编码 */
    private String code;

    /** 角色名称 */
    private String name;

    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name = "sys_role_permission", joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "role_id")}, inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "permission_id")})
    private Set permissions;
}

SysUserEntity.java

package com.example.security.entity;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * @Author ChengJianSheng
 * @Date 2021/12/6
 */
@Getter
@Setter
@Entity
@Table(name = "sys_user")
public class SysUserEntity implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;

    /** 用户名 */
    private String username;

    /** 密码 */
    private String password;

    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name = "sys_user_role",
            joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "user_id")},
            inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "role_id")})
    private Set roles;
}

SysUserRepository.java

package com.example.security.repository;

import com.example.security.entity.SysUserEntity;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;

/**
 * @Author ChengJianSheng
 * @Date 2021/12/6
 */
public interface SysUserRepository extends JpaRepository, JpaSpecificationExecutor {

    SysUserEntity findByUsername(String username);
}

SysPermissionServiceImpl.java 

package com.example.security.service.impl;

import com.example.security.entity.SysPermissionEntity;
import com.example.security.repository.SysPermissionRepository;
import com.example.security.service.SysPermissionService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

/**
 * @Author ChengJianSheng
 * @Date 2021/12/6
 */
@Service
public class SysPermissionServiceImpl implements SysPermissionService {

    @Resource
    private SysPermissionRepository sysPermissionRepository;

    @Override
    public Map getAllUrlRole() {
        List list = sysPermissionRepository.findAll();
        return list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(SysPermissionEntity::getUrl, SysPermissionEntity::getCode));
    }
}

MyUserDetails.java

package com.example.security.domain;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * @Author ChengJianSheng
 * @Date 2021/12/6
 */
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class MyUserDetails implements UserDetails {

    private String username;
    private String password;
    private boolean enabled;
    private Set authorities;

    @Override
    public Collection getAuthorities() {
        return authorities;
    }

    @Override
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    @Override
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return enabled;
    }
}

MyUserDetailsService.java

package com.example.security.core;

import com.example.security.domain.MyUserDetails;
import com.example.security.entity.SysPermissionEntity;
import com.example.security.entity.SysUserEntity;
import com.example.security.repository.SysUserRepository;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

/**
 * @Author ChengJianSheng
 * @Date 2021/12/6
 */
@Transactional
@Service
public class MyUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {

    @Resource
    private SysUserRepository sysUserRepository;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        SysUserEntity sysUserEntity = sysUserRepository.findByUsername(username);
        if (null == sysUserEntity) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户不存在");
        }
        Set authorities = sysUserEntity.getRoles().stream()
                .flatMap(roleId->roleId.getPermissions().stream())
                .map(SysPermissionEntity::getCode)
                .map(SimpleGrantedAuthority::new)
                .collect(Collectors.toSet());

        return new MyUserDetails(sysUserEntity.getUsername(), sysUserEntity.getPassword(), true, authorities);
    }
}

HelloController.java

package com.example.security.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @Author ChengJianSheng
 * @Date 2021/12/6
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController {

    @GetMapping("/sayHello")
    public String sayHello() {
        return "Hello";
    }

    @GetMapping("/sayHi")
    public String sayHi() {
        return "Hi";
    }
}

数据库脚本如下

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_permission
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_permission`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_permission`  (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `code` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '权限编码（标识）',
  `name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '权限名称',
  `url` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '权限URL',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 5 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of sys_permission
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES (1, 'home', '首页', '/home/**');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES (2, 'user:add', '添加用户', '/user/add');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES (3, 'user:delete', '删除用户', '/user/delete');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES (4, 'hello:sayHello', '打招呼', '/hello/sayHello');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role`  (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `code` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '角色编码',
  `name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '角色名称',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of sys_role
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES (1, 'employee', '员工');
INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES (2, 'engineer', '工程师');
INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES (3, 'leader', '组长');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_role_permission
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role_permission`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role_permission`  (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `role_id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '角色ID',
  `permission_id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '权限ID',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 8 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of sys_role_permission
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (1, 1, 1);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (2, 2, 1);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (3, 2, 2);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (4, 3, 1);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (5, 3, 2);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (6, 3, 3);
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES (7, 3, 4);

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user`  (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
  `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 2 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of sys_user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `sys_user` VALUES (1, 'zhangsan', '$2a$10$e4wFsFHQCNjPe5tTJMPkRuKGwmMGC45pfjMupY9nwbTuoKQ0bKc/u');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_user_role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user_role`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user_role`  (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',
  `role_id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '角色ID',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of sys_user_role
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `sys_user_role` VALUES (1, 1, 1);
INSERT INTO `sys_user_role` VALUES (2, 1, 2);
INSERT INTO `sys_user_role` VALUES (3, 1, 3);

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

浏览器访问 http://localhost:8080/hello/sayHi 正常返回，不用登录，因为没有在sys_permission表中配置该资源，也就是说它不是一个受保护的资源（公开资源）

访问http://localhost:8080/hello/sayHello则需要先登录，用zhangsan登录成功以后正确返回 

项目结构如下