springboot增加注解缓存@Cacheable的实现

springboot增加注解缓存@Cacheable

业务层使用

@Cacheable(value = "dictionary#1800", key = "#root.targetClass.simpleName +':'+ #root.methodName +':'+ #code")
    public Object findByCode(String code) {
        //业务
    }

配置

import org.springframework.cache.Cache;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCache;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisOperations; 
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
 
public class MyRedisCacheManager extends RedisCacheManager {  
    /**
     * 过期时间分隔符
     */
    private static final String TTLSEPARATOR = "#";
    private final ConcurrentMap cacheMap = new ConcurrentHashMap(16);
    /**
     * 过期时间, 单位为 秒
     */
    private long defaultExpiration = 0;  
    public MyRedisCacheManager(RedisOperations redisOperations) {
        super(redisOperations);
    } 
 
    @Override
    public Cache getCache(String name) { 
        long expiredTime = defaultExpiration;
        if (name.contains(TTLSEPARATOR)) {
            String[] split = name.split(TTLSEPARATOR);
            String cacheName = split[0];
            try {
                expiredTime = Double.valueOf(split[1]).longValue();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            Cache cache = this.cacheMap.get(name);
            if (cache != null) {
                return cache;
            } else {
                synchronized (this.cacheMap) {
                    cache = this.cacheMap.get(name);
                    if (cache == null) {
                        cache = new RedisCache(cacheName, null, super.getRedisOperations(), expiredTime);
                        if (cache != null) {
                            cache = this.decorateCache(cache);
                            this.cacheMap.put(name, cache);
                        }
                    }
 
                    return cache;
                }
            }
        } 
        return super.getCache(name);
    }  
}
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonTypeInfo;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheConfig;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
 
@CacheConfig
@Configuration
@EnableCaching
public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
 
    @Bean
    public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
        //设置序列化Key的实例化对象
        redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        //设置序列化Value的实例化对象 
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        mapper.findAndRegisterModules();
        mapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL, JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY);
        GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer serializer = new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer(mapper);
        redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(serializer);
        MyRedisCacheManager mrc = new MyRedisCacheManager(redisTemplate);
        return mrc;
    } 
}

@Cacheable注解的属性使用

cacheNames和value

指定缓存组件的名字,通过下面代码可以看出可以将返回结果放在哪个缓存中,可以通过数组的方式指定多个缓存

 /**
  * Alias for {@link #cacheNames}.
  */
 @AliasFor("cacheNames")
 String[] value() default {};
 /**
  * Names of the caches in which method invocation results are stored.
  * 

Names may be used to determine the target cache (or caches), matching * the qualifier value or bean name of a specific bean definition. * @since 4.2 * @see #value * @see CacheConfig#cacheNames */ @AliasFor("value") String[] cacheNames() default {};

key

缓存数据的时候使用的key,它是用来指定对应的缓存,模拟使用方法参数值作为key的值。也可以使用SpEL表达式的值来指定

 /**
  * Spring Expression Language (SpEL) expression for computing the key dynamically.
  * 

Default is {@code ""}, meaning all method parameters are considered as a key, * unless a custom {@link #keyGenerator} has been configured. *

The SpEL expression evaluates against a dedicated context that provides the * following meta-data: *

    *
  • {@code #root.method}, {@code #root.target}, and {@code #root.caches} for * references to the {@link java.lang.reflect.Method method}, target object, and * affected cache(s) respectively.
  • *
  • Shortcuts for the method name ({@code #root.methodName}) and target class * ({@code #root.targetClass}) are also available. *
  • Method arguments can be accessed by index. For instance the second argument * can be accessed via {@code #root.args[1]}, {@code #p1} or {@code #a1}. Arguments * can also be accessed by name if that information is available.
  • *
*/ String key() default "";
名称 位置 描述 示例
methodName root object 被调用的方法名称 #root.methodName
Method root object 被调用的方法 #root.method.name
Target root object 当前被调用的目标对象 #root.target
targetClass root object 当前被调用的目标对象类 #root.targetClass
args root object 被调用方法的参数列表#root.args[0]
caches root object 调用的缓存列表 #root.caches[0].name
argument name evaluation context 方法的参数名称可以直接使用#参数名 #p0,#a0等等
result evaluation context 执行方法后的返回值 #result

可以通过这个参数提示列表看看到这个key所支持的root object对象有哪些,通过这样的方式可以指定对应的key值。

springboot增加注解缓存@Cacheable的实现_第1张图片

keyGenerator

这个是表示指定的key的生成器,当然在之前分享中我们说过一个简单的key的生成策略。这里我们还可以通过自定的方式来实现这个key的生成策略。

keyGenerator

这个是表示指定的key的生成器,当然在之前分享中我们说过一个简单的key的生成策略。这里我们还可以通过自定的方式来实现这个key的生成策略。

import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Arrays;
@Configuration
public class MyCacheConfig {
    @Bean("myKeyGenerator")
    public KeyGenerator keyGenerator(){
        return new KeyGenerator() {
            @Override
            public Object generate(Object target, Method method, Object... params) {
                return method.getName()+"["+ Arrays.asList(params).toString()+"]";
            }
        };
    }
}

在使用的时候可以通过一下的方式进行配置

@Cacheable(cacheNames = {"emp"},keyGenerator = "myKeyGenerator")
cacheManager指定缓存管理器
/**
  * The bean name of the custom {@link org.springframework.cache.CacheManager} to use to
  * create a default {@link org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheResolver} if none
  * is set already.
  * 

Mutually exclusive with the {@link #cacheResolver} attribute. * @see org.springframework.cache.interceptor.SimpleCacheResolver * @see CacheConfig#cacheManager */ String cacheManager() default ""; /** * The bean name of the custom {@link org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheResolver} * to use. * @see CacheConfig#cacheResolver */ String cacheResolver() default "";

condition

指定复合条件的情况下才缓存。也可以通过SpEL表达式进行设置。这个配置规则和上面表格中的配置规则是相同的。

 /**
  * Spring Expression Language (SpEL) expression used for making the method
  * caching conditional.
  * 

Default is {@code ""}, meaning the method result is always cached. *

The SpEL expression evaluates against a dedicated context that provides the * following meta-data: *

    *
  • {@code #root.method}, {@code #root.target}, and {@code #root.caches} for * references to the {@link java.lang.reflect.Method method}, target object, and * affected cache(s) respectively.
  • *
  • Shortcuts for the method name ({@code #root.methodName}) and target class * ({@code #root.targetClass}) are also available. *
  • Method arguments can be accessed by index. For instance the second argument * can be accessed via {@code #root.args[1]}, {@code #p1} or {@code #a1}. Arguments * can also be accessed by name if that information is available.
  • *
*/ String condition() default "";

unless(除非)

当这个条件为true的时候,方法的返回值就不会被缓存。

/**
  * Spring Expression Language (SpEL) expression used to veto method caching.
  * 

Unlike {@link #condition}, this expression is evaluated after the method * has been called and can therefore refer to the {@code result}. *

Default is {@code ""}, meaning that caching is never vetoed. *

The SpEL expression evaluates against a dedicated context that provides the * following meta-data: *

    *
  • {@code #result} for a reference to the result of the method invocation. For * supported wrappers such as {@code Optional}, {@code #result} refers to the actual * object, not the wrapper
  • *
  • {@code #root.method}, {@code #root.target}, and {@code #root.caches} for * references to the {@link java.lang.reflect.Method method}, target object, and * affected cache(s) respectively.
  • *
  • Shortcuts for the method name ({@code #root.methodName}) and target class * ({@code #root.targetClass}) are also available. *
  • Method arguments can be accessed by index. For instance the second argument * can be accessed via {@code #root.args[1]}, {@code #p1} or {@code #a1}. Arguments * can also be accessed by name if that information is available.
  • *
* @since 3.2 */ String unless() default "";

sync

是否异步

/**
  * Synchronize the invocation of the underlying method if several threads are
  * attempting to load a value for the same key. The synchronization leads to
  * a couple of limitations:
  * 
    *
  1. {@link #unless()} is not supported
  2. *
  3. Only one cache may be specified
  4. *
  5. No other cache-related operation can be combined
  6. *
* This is effectively a hint and the actual cache provider that you are * using may not support it in a synchronized fashion. Check your provider * documentation for more details on the actual semantics. * @since 4.3 * @see org.springframework.cache.Cache#get(Object, Callable) */ boolean sync() default false;

注意

在使用这个属性的时候,当这个属性为true的时候,unless属性是不能使用的。

{@link #unless()} is not supported

以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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