python开发桌面软件实例-Python开发的第一步：利用Python开发一个桌面小程序

前言

当使用桌面应用程序的时候，有没有那么一瞬间，想学习一下桌面应用程序开发？建议此次课程大家稍作了解不要浪费太多时间，因为没有哪家公司会招聘以为Python程序员开发桌面程序吧？

开发环境：

Python 3.6

Pycharm

代码

界面设置

1.导入模块

import tkinter as tk

2.实例化一个窗体对象

root = tk.Tk()

3.标题

root.title('计算器')

4.大小以及出现的位置

root.geometry("295x280+150+150")

5.透明度

root.attributes("-alpha", 0.9)

6.背景

root["background"] = "#ffffff"

7.标签

lable1 = tk.Label(root, textvariable=result_num, width=20, height=2, font=('宋体', 20), justify='left', background='#ffffff', anchor='se')

8.布局

lable1.grid(padx=4, pady=4, row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)

9.按钮

button_clear = tk.Button(root, text='C', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: clear())

button_back = tk.Button(root, text='←', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: back())

button_division = tk.Button(root, text='/', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: operator('/'))

button_multiplication = tk.Button(root, text='x', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: operator('*'))

button_clear .grid(padx=4, row=1, column=0)

button_back .grid(padx=4, row=1, column=1)

button_division .grid(padx=4, row=1, column=2)

button_multiplication .grid(padx=4, row=1, column=3)

button_seven = tk.Button(root, text='7', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('7'))

button_eight = tk.Button(root, text='8', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('8'))

button_nine = tk.Button(root, text='9', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('9'))

button_subtraction = tk.Button(root, text='—', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: operator('-'))

button_seven .grid(padx=4, row=2, column=0)

button_eight .grid(padx=4, row=2, column=1)

button_nine .grid(padx=4, row=2, column=2)

button_subtraction .grid(padx=4, row=2, column=3)

button_four = tk.Button(root, text='4', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('4'))

button_four.grid(padx=4, pady=4, row=3, column=0)

button_five = tk.Button(root, text='5', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('5'))

button_five.grid(padx=4, row=3, column=1)

button_six = tk.Button(root, text='6', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('6'))

button_six.grid(padx=4, row=3, column=2)

button_addition = tk.Button(root, text='+', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: operator('+'))

button_addition.grid(padx=4, row=3, column=3)

button_one = tk.Button(root, text='1', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('1'))

button_one.grid(padx=4, row=4, column=0)

button_two = tk.Button(root, text='2', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('2'))

button_two.grid(padx=4, row=4, column=1)

button_three = tk.Button(root, text='3', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('3'))

button_three.grid(padx=4, row=4, column=2)

button_equal = tk.Button(root, text='=', width=5, height=3, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#C0C0C0', command=lambda: equal())

button_equal.grid(padx=4, row=4, rowspan=5, column=3)

button_zero = tk.Button(root, text='0', width=12, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('0'))

button_zero.grid(padx=4, pady=4, row=5, column=0, columnspan=2)

button_decimal = tk.Button(root, text='.', width=5, font=('宋体', 16), relief='flat', background='#FFDEAD', command=lambda: append_num('.'))

button_decimal.grid(padx=4, row=5, column=2)

现在得出界面效果

功能

添加数字

def append_num(i):

lists.append(i)

result_num.set(''.join(lists))

选择运算符号

def operator(i):

if len(lists) > 0:

if lists[-1] in ['+', '-', '*', '/']:

lists[-1] = i

else:

lists.append(i)

result_num.set(''.join(lists))

清零

def clear():

lists.clear()

result_num.set(0)

退格

def back():

del lists[-1]

result_num.set(lists)

等号

def equal():

a = ''.join(lists)

end_num = eval(a)

result_num.set(end_num)

lists.clear()

lists.append(str(end_num))

定义一个列表收集输入的内容

lists = []

result_num = tk.StringVar()

result_num.set(0)

最后运行代码，效果如下图

先试试

运算得出结果

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