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In October 2016, a Shenzen-based video surveillance company called Sunell set up an experiment: It installed thermal cameras and facial recognition in the entrances of six schools in northern Beijing.
2016 年 10月，总部位于深圳的视频监控公司Sunell进行了一项实验 ：在北京北部六所学校的入口安装了热像仪和面部识别系统。
Students who entered would have their faces recorded for facial recognition, and their temperatures taken by thermal imaging. While initial accuracy wasn’t up to par, the company refined its technology over the next year. And then it started to expand its services.
进入的学生将记录他们的脸部以进行面部识别，并通过热成像拍摄温度。 尽管最初的准确性还没有达到标准，但该公司在接下来的一年中对其技术进行了完善。 然后，它开始扩展其服务。
Sunell added more schools (and prisons) to its roster of clients, eventually snagging a contract for all schools in the Anning District of Lanzhou City in 2018. To date, the company claims it has detected the temperatures of 6.86 million students.
景阳添加更多的学校( 正 d监狱)以客户的名单，最终为抽丝兰州市安宁区所有学校在2018年至今一份合同，该公司称，它已经检测的686万个学生的温度。
In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic has proven to be a huge opportunity for Sunell. The company has publicized 20 new installations of its fever detection technology in Chinese schools since March. And Sunell has now started to resell its technology to at least 19 other companies, according to a list compiled by video surveillance trade outlet IPVM.
2020年，冠状病毒大流行被证明是Sunell的巨大机遇。 自三月以来，该公司已在中国学校宣传了20台新的发烧检测技术装置 。 根据视频监控贸易商IPVM 编制的清单 ，Sunell现在已经开始向至少19家其他公司转售其技术。
To date, the company claims it has detected the temperatures of 6.86 million students.
迄今为止，该公司声称已检测到686万学生的体温。
As much of the world adapts to a new normal after the peak of the coronavirus pandemic, and the United States still struggles to rein in rampant cases, the thermal imaging industry is pitching itself as a crucial part of reopening efforts.
在冠状病毒大流行高峰之后，世界上许多地区已适应新的常态，而美国仍在努力控制猖ramp的情况下，热成像行业将自己定位为重新开放努力的关键部分。
There are now 170 companies selling fever detection technology meant to detect people potentially suffering from the coronavirus, up from fewer than 30 companies selling similar technology before the pandemic, according to the IPVM list.
根据IPVM清单，目前有170家销售发烧检测技术的公司用于检测可能患有冠状病毒的人，而在大流行之前销售这种技术的公司不到30家。
Many of these companies are reselling thermal cameras from larger firms and adding their own fever-detecting software or algorithms, or simply packaging cameras and computers as a ready-to-operate screening station. The biggest manufacturers are Sunell, FLIR, Dahua, Hikvision, TVT, and YCX — all Chinese except for FLIR, an a U.S.-based company. In addition to their own direct sales, these six companies resell through 47 other companies that have newly started selling fever cameras with core technology.
这些公司中的许多公司都在转销大型公司的热像仪，并添加了自己的发烧检测软件或算法，或者只是将照相机和计算机包装起来，以作为准备运行的放映站。 最大的制造商是Sunell，FLIR，大华，海康威视，TVT和YCX-除美国FLIR公司外，所有中国制造商。 除了直接销售外，这六家公司还通过另外47家新近开始销售具有核心技术的发烧相机的公司进行转售。
Signs point to the long-term adoption of the technology, as companies invest in fever-detecting infrastructure: FLIR CEO James Cannon told investors in May that the company had booked $100 million in coronavirus-related sales in the first quarter alone, and the company was set to install fever cameras in GM factories. It’s also set to beat analyst expectations for its second financial quarter, according to preliminary figures FLIR released this week.
有迹象表明该技术已被长期采用，因为公司在发烧检测基础设施上进行了投资：FLIR首席执行官詹姆斯·坎农(James Cannon)在五月份告诉投资者，仅在第一季度，该公司就已预订了1亿美元的冠状病毒相关销售额，并且该公司打算在通用汽车工厂安装发烧相机 。 根据FLIR本周发布的初步数据 ，它也将超出分析师对第二财季的预期。
However, Chinese surveillance giants Hikvision and Dahua will rely on growth outside of the U.S., as they have both been put on federal blacklists for human rights abuses.
但是，中国的监控巨头海康威视和大华将依靠美国以外的增长，因为它们都因侵犯人权而被列入联邦黑名单。
FLIR CEO James Cannon told investors in May that the company had booked $100 million in coronavirus-related sales in the first quarter alone.
FLIR首席执行官詹姆斯·坎农(James Cannon)在五月份告诉投资者，仅在第一季度，该公司就与冠状病毒相关的销售额就达到了1亿美元。
Cameras aren’t just being installed for stationary checkpoints. Robotics company Cobalt has outfitted its roving office robots with FLIR temperature sensors, and is pitching its tech as a complete “return to work” solution. Rather than having a person with a thermal scanner, a Cobalt robot autonomously does the test, according to a video on Cobalt’s website. The robots can allegedly tell if employees are wearing masks, and will remind workers to wear PPE if masks are not detected.
不仅为固定检查站安装了摄像机。 机器人公司Cobalt已为其巡回办公机器人配备了FLIR温度传感器，并且正在将其技术作为一种完整的“恢复工作”解决方案。 根据Cobalt网站上的一段视频 ，Cobalt机器人没有让人们拿着热扫描仪，而是自动进行了测试。 据称，机器人可以告知员工是否戴着口罩，如果未检测到口罩，则会提醒工人佩戴个人防护装备。
Another company, Invixium, makes a facial recognition kiosk that has been upgraded to determine a person’s temperature. It shows off a web platform that allows a company to monitor their entire staff’s temperatures, as well as breaking out statistics by date and age of employees.
另一家公司Invixium制造了一个面部识别亭，该亭已经过升级，可以确定一个人的体温。 它展示了一个网络平台，该平台使公司可以监视整个员工的体温，并按员工的日期和年龄细分统计数据。
Fever cameras all typically work in a similar way. A thermal camera captures an image of a person’s face, and then software analyzes the perceived temperature of that person’s skin. Based on how warm a person’s skin is, the software tries to guess their internal temperature. Skin temperature is typically closest to a person’s true body temperature in the area around their eyes and tear ducts, FLIR told OneZero in a previous interview.
发烧相机通常都以类似的方式工作。 热像仪捕获人脸的图像，然后软件分析该人皮肤的感知温度。 根据一个人的皮肤有多温暖，该软件会尝试猜测他们的内部温度。 FLIR在上一次采访中告诉OneZero ，皮肤温度通常最接近人眼和泪管周围区域的真实体温。
In tests performed by IPVM, in optimal conditions, these fever cameras can be accurate to 0.3 degrees Fahrenheit.
在进行的测试中 虚拟机 ，在最佳条件下，这些发烧相机的精度可以达到华氏0.3度。
Real-world conditions are not always ideal. In one test, a temperature sensor kiosk made by ZKTeco was accurate when the sensor was 18 inches from a person’s face, but was inaccurate by nearly two degrees when the person stood a little farther away at 32 inches from the sensor.
现实条件并不总是理想的。 在一项测试中，当传感器距人脸18英寸时，ZKTeco制造的温度传感器亭是准确的，但当人离传感器32英寸远一点时，它的精度将近2度。
Some manufacturers like Hikvision and Sunell scan a person’s forehead instead, claiming that tests are similarly accurate and people who wear glasses don’t have to take them off. However, hair covering a person’s forehead was found to obscure these temperature scans, and higher temperatures elsewhere on the face were ignored by Hikvision and Sunell’s cameras, according to IPVM testing. Hair, hats, helmets, or applying a cold or warm compress to the head can all alter the effectiveness of the tests.
像海康威视(Hikvision)和苏涅尔(Sunell)这样的一些制造商反而扫描了一个人的前额，声称测试同样准确，戴眼镜的人不必摘下来。 但是，根据IPVM测试 ，发现覆盖人额的头发遮挡了这些温度扫描，海康威视和Sunell的摄像机忽略了面部其他部位的较高温度。 头发，帽子，头盔或对头部进行冷热敷都可能改变测试的有效性。
These nuances are now being passed along to the dozens of companies that rely on Hikvision and Sunell’s technology, and the final clients that they sell to, creating a global game of telephone for the crucial caveats that make each system actually effective.
现在，这些细微差别已经传递给了依赖海康威视和Sunell技术的数十家公司，以及向他们出售的最终客户，从而为使每个系统真正有效的关键警告创建了全球电话游戏。
The biggest caveat to fever detection is that people with the coronavirus don’t always exhibit a fever. Studies suggest that 20% to 40% of cases can be asymptomatic, meaning those capable of spreading the disease wouldn’t have elevated body temperatures to detect.
发烧检测的最大警告是，冠状病毒患者并非总是发烧。 研究表明 ，有20％至40％的病例是无症状的，这意味着那些能够传播这种疾病的人不会发现体温升高。
Companies like Sunell are undeterred.
像Sunell这样的公司并没有因此而退缩。
“We believe that we will definitely win this battle and return to more normal times in the nearest future,” the company wrote.
该公司写道：“我们相信，我们一定会赢得这场战斗，并在不久的将来回到更加正常的时期。”
Update: This story has been updated to acknowledge that FLIR is a U.S.-based company.
更新： 此故事已更新，以承认FLIR是一家美国公司。
翻译自: https://onezero.medium.com/in-just-6-months-fever-cameras-have-become-a-full-fledged-industry-ab8ef4a5648c