2019-6- 幽门螺杆菌

第一，什么是幽门螺杆菌 幽门螺杆菌本质上是一种细菌，是一种革兰氏阴性杆菌，该细菌生存能力极强，能够 在胃中强酸性环境中生存，是目前发现的唯一能够在胃里面生存的细菌。由于我国没 有实行分餐，大家都是通吃一碗菜，也很少使用公筷，我国幽门螺杆菌感染率高，据 统计有50%的人群感染。

第二，幽门螺杆菌有什么危害。 幽门螺杆菌感染者，多数感染者并无症状和并发症，但几乎均存在慢性活动性胃炎， 亦即幽门螺杆菌胃炎，染者中约15% ～ 20%发生消化性溃疡，5% ～ 10%发生消化不 良，约1%发生胃恶性肿瘤［胃癌、黏膜相关淋巴样组织( MALT) 淋巴瘤］。

第三，幽门螺杆菌传播途径。 幽门螺杆菌可通过粪口途径，口口途径传播。幽门螺杆菌感染者的粪便中存在幽门螺 杆菌，如果污染水源，健康人饮用了含幽门螺杆菌的水，可以被传染。幽门螺杆菌感 染者的口腔中也可能存在细菌，一起吃饭、接吻、使用不洁餐具、母婴传播、唾液传 播等都有可能传染幽门螺旋杆菌。特别是大人将食物嚼碎了喂小孩，容易将幽门螺杆 菌传染给小孩。

第四，如何预防幽门螺杆菌。 理论上，疫苗的预防效果最好，如乙肝疫苗，能有效预防乙肝。但是，目前幽门螺杆 菌疫苗还在实验阶段，没有在临床上使用。可通过以下措施降低幽门螺杆菌感染率。 1.少去不卫生的地方用餐，特别是路边摊，那里的餐具可能消毒不合格。 2.进餐时使用公筷，不将食物嚼碎了喂小孩，餐具要定时消毒，高温可以杀灭幽门螺 杆菌，用沸水煮沸10到15分钟即可。 3. 个人的生活用品一定要分开使用，不要共用牙刷，碗筷等等。 3.少吃辛辣刺激的食物，少吃盐，饮食清淡，多吃新鲜蔬菜水果。 4.多锻炼身体，提高自身免疫力。

第五，怎么检测幽门螺杆菌。 怀疑幽门螺杆菌感染了，如何检测呢。首选14C或者13C呼气试验，无创，出结果快 。胃镜下可行快速尿素酶检测，还可以观察有无胃炎，胃溃疡，胃癌等情况。还可以 检测粪便和血液，目前在临床上应用的较少。

第六，如何治疗？ 如果感染了幽门螺杆菌，均推荐接受治疗。目前推荐的是四联疗法，同时口服四种药 物，吃药10-14天，根治率可达90%左右。澳洲这边是三联疗法，抑酸，消炎药阿莫西林，克拉维酸。吃 一周。

 第 七， 治疗后什么时候复查。 建议吃完药以后，至少间隔一个月之后复查，复查也是做吹气试验，如果是阴性，说 明恭喜你，你已经治好了。 欢迎留言咨询，我将第一时间回复，更多医学科普，请关注我。

备注： NEXIUM :

What NEXIUM Hp7 is used for NEXIUM Hp7 is a combination pack, which contains three different medicines. When taken together in the right doses, they will kill the bacteria in your stomach called Helicobacter pylori and let your peptic ulcer heal. Depending on the position of the ulcer it is called a gastric or duodenal ulcer. A gastric ulcer occurs in the stomach. A duodenal ulcer occurs in the duodenum which is the tube leading out from the stomach. Most people who have a peptic ulcer also have a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori in their stomach. If the bacteria are killed it is unlikely that your ulcer will come back. NEXIUM is the brand name of esomeprazole (E), and it is given with amoxicillin (A), brand name Amoxil and clarithromycin (C), brand name Klacid. Amoxil and Klacid are both types of antibiotic. How NEXIUM Hp7 works NEXIUM is a type of medicine called a proton-pump inhibitor. NEXIUM works by decreasing the amount of acid made by the stomach, to give relief of symptoms and allow healing to take place. This does not stop food being digested in the normal way. Amoxicillin and clarithromycin are both antibiotics that help kill Helicobacter pylori. NEXIUM also helps kill the bacteria. When all three are taken together they are more effective than taken one or two at a time. It is possible that the antibiotics may not always kill Helicobacter pylori. Ask your doctor if you have any questions about why this medicine has been prescribed for you. Your doctor may prescribe this medicine for another use. There is no evidence that NEXIUM Hp7 is addictive. This medicine is available only with a doctor's prescription.

 https://www.mydr.com.au/medicines/cmis/nexium-hp7-combination-pack

是不是发现了幽门螺杆菌，就一定要治疗呢 ？

https://wap.china.com/act/toutiao/13001260/20180 113/31953315.html